Cannabis withdrawal and sleep: A systematic review of human studies

Substance Abuse

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 255-269

  Gates, Peter ^a   Albertella, Lucy ^a   Copeland, Jan ^a  

^a National Cannabis Prevention and Information Centre   (Australia)

Author keywords

Cannabis; insomnia; marijuana; sleep; withdrawal

Indexed keywords

CANNABIS ADDICTION; COMPLICATION; HUMAN; INSOMNIA; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

HUMANS; MARIJUANA ABUSE; SLEEP INITIATION AND MAINTENANCE DISORDERS; SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

EID: 84953314696     PISSN: 08897077     EISSN: 15470164     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2015.1023484     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. World Drug Report 2013. New York: United Nations Publication; 2013.
2. Hall W, Degenhardt L. The adverse health effects of chronic cannabis use. Drug Test Anal. 2014; 6: 39-45.
3. Budney AJ, Hughes JR. The cannabis withdrawal syndrome. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2006; 19: 233-238.
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
5. Wu LT, Woody GE, Yang C, Pan JJ, Reeve BB, Blazer DG. A dimensional approach to understanding severity estimates and risk correlates of marijuana abuse and dependence in adults. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2012; 21: 117-133.
6. Agrawal A, Pergadia ML, Lynskey MT. Is there evidence for symptoms of cannabis withdrawal in the national epidemiologic survey of alcohol and related conditions? Am J Addict. 2008; 17: 199-208.
7. Compton WM, Saha TD, Conway KP, Grant BF. The role of cannabis use within a dimensional approach to cannabis use disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009; 100: 221-227.
8. Gillespie NA, Neale MC, Prescott CA, Aggen SH, Kendler KS. Factor and item-response analysis DSM-IV criteria for abuse of and dependence on cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, sedatives, stimulants and opioids. Addiction. 2007; 102: 920-930.
9. Hartman CA, Gelhorn H, Crowley TJ, et al. Item response theory analysis of DSM-IV cannabis abuse and dependence criteria in adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008; 47: 165-173.
10. Hasin DS, O'Brien CP, Auriacombe M, et al. DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorders: recommendations and rationale. Am J Psychiatry. 2013; 170: 834-851.
11. Piontek D, Kraus L, Legleye S, Buhringer G. The validity of DSM-IV cannabis abuse and dependence criteria in adolescents and the value of additional cannabis use indicators. Addiction. 2011; 106: 1137-1145.
12. Budney AJ. Are specific dependence criteria necessary for different substances: how can research on cannabis inform this issue? Addiction. 2006; 101 (Suppl 1): 125-133.
13. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
14. Allsop DJ, Norberg MM, Copeland J, Fu S, Budney AJ. The Cannabis Withdrawal Scale development: patterns and predictors of cannabis withdrawal and distress. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011; 119: 123-129.
15. Hasin DS, Keyes KM, Alderson D, Wang S, Aharonovich E, Grant BF. Cannabis withdrawal in the United States: results from NESARC. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008; 69: 1354-1363.
16. Levin KH, Copersino ML, Heishman SJ, et al. Cannabis withdrawal symptoms in non-Treatment-seeking adult cannabis smokers. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2010; 111: 120-127.
17. Wiesbeck GA, Schuckit MA, Kalmijn JA, Tipp JE, Bucholz K, Smith TL. An evaluation of the history of a marijuana withdrawal syndrome in a large population. Addiction. 1996; 91: 1469-1478.
18. Arendt M, Rosenberg R, Foldager L, Sher L, Munk-Jorgensen P. Withdrawal symptoms do not predict relapse among subjects treated for cannabis dependence. Am J Addict. 2007; 16: 461-467.
19. Budney AJ, Vandrey RG, Hughes JR, Thostenson JD, Bursac Z. Comparison of cannabis and tobacco withdrawal: severity and contribution to relapse. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2008; 35: 362-368.
20. Copersino ML, Boyd SJ, Tashkin DP, et al. Cannabis withdrawal among non-Treatment-seeking adult cannabis users. Am J Addict. 2006; 15: 8-14.
21. Cornelius JR, Chung T, Martin C, Wood DS, Clark DB. Cannabis withdrawal is common among treatment-seeking adolescents with cannabis dependence and major depression, and is associated with rapid relapse to dependence. Addict Behav. 2008; 33: 1500-1505.
22. Dawes GM, Sitharthan T, Conigrave KM, Phung N, Weltman M. Patients admitted for inpatient cannabis detoxification: withdrawal symptoms and impacts of common comorbidities. J Subst Use. 2011; 16: 392-405.
23. Ehlers CL, Gizer IR, Vieten C, et al. Cannabis dependence in the San Francisco family study: Age of onset of use, DSM-IV symptoms, withdrawal, and heritability. Addict Behav. 2010; 35: 102-110.
24. Winstock AR, Lea T, Copeland J. Lithium carbonate in the management of cannabis withdrawal in humans: An open-label study. J Psychopharmacol. 2009; 23: 84-93.
25. Vandrey R, Budney A, Moore B, Hughes J. A cross-study comparison of cannabis and tobacco withdrawal. Am J Addict. 2005; 14: 54-63.
26. Gates PJ, Albertella L, Copeland J. The effects of cannabinoid administration on sleep: A systematic review of human studies. Sleep Med Rev. 2014; 18: 477-487.
27. Reinarman C, Nunberg H, Lanthier F, Heddleston T. Who are medical marijuana patients? Population characteristics from nine California assessment clinics. J Psychoact Drugs. 2011; 43: 128-135.
28. Tringale R, Jensen C. Cannabis and insomnia. Depression. 2011; 4: 0-68.
29. Schofield D, Tennant C, Nash L, et al. Reasons for cannabis use in psychosis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2006; 40: 570-574.
30. Glozier N, Martiniuk A, Patton G, et al. Short sleep duration in prevalent and persistent psychological distress in young adults: The DRIVE study. Sleep. 2010; 33: 1139-1145.
31. Freeman D, Brugha T, Meltzer H, Jenkins R, Stahl D, Bebbington P. Persecutory ideation and insomnia: findings from the second British national survey of psychiatric morbidity. J Psychiatr Res. 2010; 44: 1021-1026.
32. Wong MM, Brower KJ, Zucker RA. Childhood sleep problems, early onset of substance use and behavioral problems in adolescence. Sleep Med. 2009; 10: 787-796.
33. Mednick SC, Christakis NA, Fowler JH. The spread of sleep loss influences drug use in adolescent social networks. PLoS ONE. 2010; 5: e9775.
34. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. The PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-Analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009; 6(6): e1000097. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed1000097
35. Vandrey R, Budney AJ, Kamon JL, Stanger C. Cannabis withdrawal in adolescent treatment seekers. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2005; 78: 205-210.
36. Budney AJ, Moore BA, Vandrey RG, Hughes JR. The time course and significance of cannabis withdrawal. J Abnorm Psychol. 2003; 112: 393-402.
37. Budney AJ, Novy PL, Hughes JR. Marijuana withdrawal among adults seeking treatment for marijuana dependence. Addiction. 1999; 94: 1311-1322.
38. Haney M, Cooper ZD, Bedi G, Vosburg SK, Comer SD, Foltin RW. Nabilone decreases marijuana withdrawal and a laboratory measure of marijuana relapse. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013; 38: 1557-1565.
39. Vandrey R, Stitzer ML, Mintzer MZ, Huestis MA, Murray JA, Lee D. The dose effects of short-Term dronabinol (oral THC) maintenance in daily cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013; 128: 64-70.
40. Vandrey R, Smith M, McCann U, Budney A, Curran E. Sleep disturbance and the effects of extended-release zolpidem during cannabis withdrawal. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011; 117: 38-44.
41. Vandrey R, Budney A, Hughes J, Liguori A. A within-subject comparison of withdrawal symptoms during abstinence from cannabis, tobacco, and both substances. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008; 92: 48-54.
42. Pranikoff K, Karacan I, Larson EA, Williams RL, Thornby JI, Hursch CJ. Effects of marijuana smoking on the sleep EEG. Preliminary studies. J Fla Med Assoc. 1973; 60: 28-31.
43. Penetar DM, Looby AR, Ryan ET, Maywalt MA, Lukas SE. Bupropion reduces some of the symptoms of marihuana withdrawal in chronic marihuana users: A pilot study. J Subst Abuse Res Treat. 2012; 6: 63-71.
44. Milin R, Manion I, Dare G, Walker S. Prospective assessment of cannabis withdrawal in adolescents with cannabis dependence: A pilot study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc. 2008; 47: 174-179.
45. McClure EA, Stitzer ML, Vandrey R. Characterizing smoking topography of cannabis in heavy users. Psychopharmacology. 2012; 220: 309-318.
46. Mathers DC, Ghodse AH. Cannabis and psychotic illness. Br J Psychiatry. 1992; 161: 648-653.
47. Jones RT, Benowitz N, Bachman J. Clinical studies of cannabis tolerance and dependence. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1976; 282: 221-239.
48. Haney M, Bedi G, Cooper ZD, et al. Predictors of marijuana relapse in the human laboratory: robust impact of tobacco cigarette smoking status. Biol Psychiatry. 2013; 73: 242-248.
49. Haney M, Hart CL, Vosburg SK, et al. Effects of baclofen and mirtazapine on a laboratory model of marijuana withdrawal and relapse. Psychopharmacology. 2010; 211: 233-244.
50. Haney M, Hart CL, Vosburg SK, Comer SD, Reed SC, Foltin RW. Effects of THC and lofexidine in a human laboratory model of marijuana withdrawal and relapse. Psychopharmacology. 2008; 197: 157-168.
51. Haney M, Ward AS, Comer SD, Foltin RW, Fischman MW. Abstinence symptoms following oral THC administration to humans. Psychopharmacology. 1999; 141: 385-394.
52. Haney M, Ward AS, Comer SD, Foltin RW, Fischman MW. Abstinence symptoms following smoked marijuana in humans. Psychopharmacology. 1999; 141: 395-404.
53. Haney M, Ward AS, Comer SD, Hart CL, Foltin RW, Fischman MW. Bupropion SR worsens mood during marijuana withdrawal in humans. Psychopharmacology. 2001; 155: 171-179.
54. Cooper ZD, Foltin RW, Hart CL, Vosburg SK, Comer SD, Haney M. A human laboratory study investigating the effects of quetiapine on marijuana withdrawal and relapse in daily marijuana smokers. Addict Biol. 2013; 18: 993-1002.
55. Cohen-Zion M, Drummond SP, Padula CB, et al. Sleep architecture in adolescent marijuana and alcohol users during acute and extended abstinence. Addict Behav. 2009; 34: 976-979.
56. Budney AJ, Hughes JR, Moore BA, Novy PL. Marijuana abstinence effects in marijuana smokers maintained in their home environment. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001; 58: 917-924.
57. Bolla KI, Lesage SR, Gamaldo CE, et al. Sleep disturbance in heavy marijuana users. Sleep. 2008; 31: 901-908.
58. Bolla KI, Lesage SR, Gamaldo CE, et al. Polysomnogram changes in marijuana users who report sleep disturbances during prior abstinence. Sleep Med. 2010; 11: 882-889.
59. The Cochrane Collaboration. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. In: Higgins JPT, Green S., ed. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Vol. 5.1.0. Oxford, UK: The Cochrane Collaboration; updated March 2011. Available at www.cochrane-handbook.org. Accessed January 29, 2014.
60. The Cochrane Collaboration. Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group: Data collection checklist. The Cochrane Collaboration. Available at: http://epoc.cochrane.org/sites/epoc.cochrane.org/files/uploads/datacollectionchecklist.pdf. Published 2009. Accessed January 29, 2014.
61. Viswanathan M, Ansari MT, Berkman ND, et al. Assessing the risk of bias of individual studies in systematic reviews of health care interventions. In: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, ed. Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. AHRQ Publication No. 12-EHC047-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2012.