Biocomposites from waste derived biochars: Mechanical, thermal, chemical, and morphological properties

Waste Management

Volumn 49, Issue , 2016, Pages 560-570

  Das, Oisik ^a   Sarmah, Ajit K ^a   Bhattacharyya, Debes ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Biochar; Composite; Mechanical; Moduli; Polypropylene; Tensile

Indexed keywords

COMPOSITE MATERIALS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; IMPACT STRENGTH; PLASTIC PRODUCTS; SEWAGE SLUDGE; WASTE INCINERATION;

BIO CHARS; COMBUSTION REGIME; HEAT RELEASE RATE (HRR); INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS; MECHANICAL; MODULI; MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; TENSILE;

POLYPROPYLENES;

BIOCHAR; CHARCOAL; POLYPROPYLENE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; MANURE; SEWAGE;

ASH; CHARCOAL; COMBUSTION; COMPOSITE; INFILTRATION; ORGANIC MATTER; ORGANIC POLLUTANT; POULTRY; PYROLYSIS; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

ARTICLE; COMBUSTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRYSTALLIZATION; DISPERSION; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; LANDFILL; NANOFABRICATION; POULTRY; POULTRY LITTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PYROLYSIS; SLUDGE; WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT; WOOD; ANALYSIS; ANIMAL; INCINERATION; MANURE; PINE; PROCEDURES; SEWAGE; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

ANIMALS; CHARCOAL; INCINERATION; MANURE; PINUS; POULTRY; SEWAGE; WASTE MANAGEMENT; WOOD;

EID: 84951730083     PISSN: 0956053X     EISSN: 18792456     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.12.007     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Audisio G., Silvani A., Beltrame P.L., Carniti P. Catalytic thermal degradation of polymers: degradation of polypropylene. J. Anal. App. Pyro. 1984, 7:83-90.
2. Balasuriya P.W., Ye L., Ma Y.W. Mechanical properties of wood flake-polyethylene composites. Part I: effects of processing methods and matrix melt flow behaviour. Composites: Part A 2001, 32:619-629.
3. Boyle C.A. Solid waste management in New Zealand. Waste Manage. 2000, 20:517-526.
4. Cao, Harris Properties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation. Bioresour. Technol. 2010, 101:5222-5228.
5. Cimò G., Kucerik J., Berns A.E., Schaumann G.E., Alonzo G., et al. Effect of heating time and temperature on the chemical characteristics of biochar from poultry manure. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2014, 62:1912-1918.
6. Cui Y.H., Tao J., Noruziaan B., Cheung M., Lee S. DSC analysis and mechanical properties of wood-plastic composites. J. Reinforced Plas. Compo. 2010, 29(2):278-289.
7. Das O., Sarmah A.K., Bhattacharyya D. A sustainable and resilient approach through biochar addition in wood polymer composites. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 512-513:326-336.
8. Das O., Sarmah A.K., Bhattacharyya D. A novel approach in organic waste utilization through biochar addition in wood/polypropylene composites. Waste Manage. 2015, 38:132-140.
9. Das O., Sarmah A.K., Bhattacharyya D. Structure-mechanics property relationship for waste derived biochars. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 538:611-620.
10. Das O., Sarmah A.K. Mechanism of waste biomass pyrolysis: effect of physical and chemical pre-treatments. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 537:323-334.
11. Das O., Sarmah A.K. Value added liquid products from waste biomass pyrolysis using pretreatments. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 538:145-151.
12. Das O., Sarmah A.K. The love-hate relationship of pyrolysis biochar and water: a perspective. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 512-513:682-685.
13. Davidovits J. Geopolymers: inorganic polymeric new materials. J. Therm. Anal. 1991, 37:1633-1656.
14. DeVallance D.B., Oporto G.S., Quigley P. Investigation of hardwood biochar as a replacement for wood flour in wood-polypropylene composites. J. Elastomers Plast. 2015, 1-13.
15. Doh G.H., Lee S.Y., Kang I.A., Kong Y.T. Thermal behavior of liquefied wood polymer composites (LWPC). Compos. Struct. 2005, 68:103-108.
16. Fiksel J. Designing resilient, sustainable Systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37:5330-5339.
17. Fowler P.A., Hughes J.M., Elias R.M. Review, biocomposites: technology, environmental credentials and market forces. J. Sci. Food Agr. 2006, 86:1781-1789.
18. Fu S.Y., Feng X.Q., Lauke B., Mai Y.W. Effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and particle loading on mechanical properties of particulate-polymer composites. Composites: Part B 2008, 39:933-961.
19. Ho M.P., Lau K.T., Wang H., Hui D. Improvement on the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) using bamboo charcoal particles. Composites Part B 2015, 81:14-25.
20. Huda M.S., Drzal L.T., Misra M., Mohanty A.K. Wood-fiber-reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites: evaluation of the physicomechanical and morphological properties. J. App. Polym. Sci. 2006, 102:4856-4869.
21. Janssens M.L. Modeling of the thermal degradation of structural wood members exposed to fire. Fire Mater. 2004, 28:199-207.
22. Ji X., Hampsey J.E., Hu Q., He J., Yang Z., Lu Y. Mesoporous silica-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Chem. Mater. 2003, 15:3656-3662.
23. Jiao C., Chen X. Flammability and thermal degradation of intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene composites. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2010, 50(4):767-772.
24. Kookana R.S., Sarmah A.K., Van Zwieten L., Krull E., Singh B. Biochar application to soil agronomic and environmental benefits and unintended consequences. Advances in Agronomy 2011, 103-143. Elsevier. D.L. Sparks (Ed.).
25. Lee C.H., Wu T.L., Chen Y.L., Wu J.H. Characteristics and discrimination of five types of wood plastic composites by FT-IR spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis. Holzforschung 2010, 64(6):699-704.
26. Liu X., Wu Q. PP/clay nanocomposites prepared by grafting melt intercalation. Polymer 2001, 42:10013-10019.
27. Nan N., DeVallance D.B., Xie X., Wang J. The effect of bio-carbon addition on the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyvinyl alcohol/biochar composites. J. Compos. Mater. 2015, 10.1177/0021998315589770.
28. Ndiaye D., Diop B., Thiandoume C., Fall P.A., Farota A.K., Tidjani A. Morphology and thermo mechanical properties of wood/polypropylene composites. Polypropylene 2012, InTech. F. Dogan (Ed.).
29. Peterson S.C. Utilization of low ash bio-char to partially replace carbon black in styrene-butadiene rubber composites. J. Elastom. Plast. 2013, 45:487-497.
30. Phillips D.C., Harris B. The strength, toughness, and fatigue properties of polymer composites. Polymer Engineering Composites 1977, 197-235. Applied science publishers, London. M.O.R. Richardson (Ed.).
31. Reynaud E., Jouen T., Gauthier C., Vigier G., Varlet J. Nanofillers in polymeric matrix: a study on silica reinforced PA6. Polymer 2001, 42:8759-8768.
32. Sakata Y. Catalytic degradation of polyethylene and polypropylene to fuel oil. Macromol. Symp. 1998, 135:7-18.
33. Sekine Y., Fujimoto K. Catalytic degradation of PP with an Fe/activated carbon catalyst. J. Mater. Cycles. Waste Manage. 2003, 5:107-112.
34. Sohi S.P., Krull E., Lopez-Capel E., Bol R. A review of biochar and its use and function in soil. Adv. Agron 2010, vol. 105:47-82. Academic Press, Burlington, Chapter 2.
35. Srinivasan P., Sarmah A.K., Smernik R., Das O., Farid M., Gao W. A feasibility study of agricultural and sewage biomass as biochar, bioenergy and biocomposite feedstock: production, characterisation and potential applications. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 512-513:495-505.
36. Srinivasan P., Sarmah A.K. Characterisation of agricultural waste-derived biochars and their sorption potential for sulfamethoxazole in pasture soil: a spectroscopic investigation. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2015, 502:471-480.
37. Modak, D.P., 2011. Waste, Investing in Energy and Resource Efficiency. Available at: (accessed: 14 May 2015). http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/Portals/88/documents/ger/GER_8_Waste.pdf.
38. New Zealand Landfill Waste (Statistics New Zealand, 2008). Available at: (accessed: 3 August 2015). http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/snapshots-of-nz/Measuring-NZ-progress-sustainable-dev-%20approach/sustainable-development/waste.aspx.