Spatial and temporal distribution of mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet since AD 1900

Nature

Volumn 528, Issue 7582, 2015, Pages 396-400

  Kjeldsen, Kristian K ^a,b   Korsgaard, Niels J ^a   Bjørk, Anders A ^a   Khan, Shfaqat A ^c   Box, Jason E ^d   Funder, Svend ^a   Larsen, Nicolaj K ^a,e   Bamber, Jonathan L ^f   Colgan, William ^d,g   Van Den Broeke, Michiel ^h   Siggaard Andersen, Marie Louise ^a   Nuth, Christopher ⁱ   Schomacker, Anders ^a   Andresen, Camilla S ^d   Willerslev, Eske ^a   Kjær, Kurt H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^c TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

^d GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND   (Denmark)

^e AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

^f UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^g YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^h UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENERGY BALANCE; GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAPPING; GIS; ICE SHEET; MASS BALANCE; MODELING; SEA ICE; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE; TWENTIETH CENTURY;

AIR TEMPERATURE; ARTICLE; CLIMATE CHANGE; ENERGY BALANCE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; GLACIER; GREENLAND; ICE SHEET; LITTLE ICE AGE; MASS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEA LEVEL; SEA LEVEL RISE; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; SURFACE PROPERTY; TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION; HISTORY; ICE COVER; OBSERVATION; PHOTOGRAPHY; REPRODUCIBILITY; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TEMPERATURE; THEORETICAL MODEL;

ARCTIC; GREENLAND; GREENLAND ICE SHEET;

SEA WATER;

CLIMATE CHANGE; GREENLAND; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; ICE COVER; MODELS, THEORETICAL; OBSERVATION; PHOTOGRAPHY; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SEAWATER; SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 84950292758     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature16183     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Gregory, J. M. et al. Twentieth-century global-mean sea level rise: is the whole greater than the sum of the parts? J. Clim. 26, 4476-4499 (2013).
2. Khan, S. A. et al. Greenland ice sheet mass balance: a review. Rep. Prog. Phys. 78, 046801 (2015).
3. Rignot, E., Box, J. E., Burgess, E. & Hanna, E. Mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet from 1958 to 2007. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L20502 (2008).
4. Yanga, L. A southern Greenland ice sheet glacier discharge reconstruction: 1958-2007. Phys. Procedia 22, 292-298 (2011).
5. Box, J. E. & Colgan, W. Greenland ice sheet mass balance reconstruction. Part III: marine ice loss and total mass balance (1840-2010). J. Clim. 26, 6990-7002 (2013).
6. van de Wal, R. & Oerlemans, J. An energy balance model for the Greenland ice sheet. Global Planet. Change 9, 115-131 (1994).
7. Zuo, Z. & Oerlemans, J. Contribution of glacier melt to sea-level rise since AD 1865: a regionally differentiated calculation. Clim. Dyn. 13, 835-845 (1997).
8. Church, J. A. et al. in Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds Stocker, T. F. et al.) 1137-1216 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2013).
9. Khan, S. A. et al. Glacier dynamics at Helheim and Kangerdlugssuaq glaciers, southeast Greenland, since the Little Ice Age. Cryosphere 8, 1497-1507 (2014).
10. Box, J. E. Greenland ice sheet mass balance reconstruction. Part II: surface mass balance (1840-2010)∗. J. Clim. 26, 6974-6989 (2013).
11. van Angelen, J. H., van den Broeke, M. R. & van de Berg, W. J. Momentum budget of the atmospheric boundary layer over the Greenland ice sheet and its surrounding seas. J. Geophys. Res. 116, D10101 (2011).
12. Csatho, B. M., Schenk, T., van der Veen, C. J. & Krabill, W. B. Intermittent thinning of Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland, since the Little Ice Age. J. Glaciol. 54, 131-144 (2008).
13. Lea, J. M. et al. Terminus-driven retreat of a major southwest Greenland tidewater glacier during the early 19th century: Insights from glacier reconstructions and numerical modelling. J. Glaciol. 60, 333-344 (2014).
14. Bjørk, A. A. et al. An aerial view of 80 years of climate-related glacier fluctuations in southeast Greenland. Nat. Geosci. 5, 427-432 (2012).
15. Higgins, A. K. North Greenland glacier velocities and calf ice production. Polarforschung 60, 1-23 (1990).
16. Colgan, W. et al. Greenland high-elevation mass balance: inference and implication of reference period (1961-90) imbalance. Ann. Glaciol. 56, 105-117 (2015).
17. Shepherd, A. et al. A reconciled estimate of ice sheet mass balance. Science 338, 1183-1189 (2012).
18. Khan, S. A. et al. Sustained mass loss of the northeast Greenland ice sheet triggered by regional warming. Nature Clim. Change 4, 292-299 (2014).
19. Rignot, E., Velicogna, I., van den Broeke, M. R., Monaghan, A. & Lenaerts, J. T. M. Acceleration of the contribution of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to sea level rise. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38, L05503 (2011).
20. van den Broeke, M. et al. Partitioning recent Greenland mass loss. Science 326, 984-986 (2009).
21. Enderlin, E. M. et al. An improved mass budget for the Greenland ice sheet. Geophys. Res. Lett. 41, 866-872 (2014).
22. Kjær, K. H. et al. Aerial photographs reveal late-20th-century dynamic ice loss in northwestern Greenland. Science 337, 569-573 (2012).
23. Howat, I. M., Joughin, I. R. & Scambos, T. A. Rapid changes in ice discharge from Greenland outlet glaciers. Science 315, 1559-1561 (2007).
24. Bamber, J., van den Broeke, M. R., Ettema, J., Lenaerts, J. & Rignot, E. Recent large increases in freshwater fluxes from Greenland into the North Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L19501 (2012).
25. Box, J. E., Yang, L., Bromwich, D. H. & Bai, L.-S. Greenland Ice Sheet surface air temperature variability: 1840-2007∗. J. Clim. 22, 4029-4049 (2009).
26. Hay, C. C., Morrow, E., Kopp, R. E. & Mitrovica, J. X. Probabilistic reanalysis of twentieth-century sea-level rise. Nature 517, 481-484 (2015).
27. Jevrejeva, S., Moore, J. C., Grinsted, A., Matthews, P. & Spada, G. Trends and acceleration in global and regional sea levels since 1807. Global Planet. Change 113, 11-22 (2014).
28. Church, J. A. & White, N. J. Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century. Surv. Geophys. 32, 585-602 (2011).
29. Kobashi, T. et al. On the origin of multidecadal to centennial Greenland temperature anomalies over the past 800 yr. Clim. Past 9, 583-596 (2013).
30. Weidick, A., Bennike, O., Citterio, M. & Nørgaard-Pedersen, N. Neoglacial and historical glacier changes around Kangersuneq fjord in southern West Greenland. Geol. Surv. Denmark Greenland Bull. 27, 1-68, http://www.geus.dk/publications/bull/nr27/index-uk.htm (2012).
31. Glasser, N. F., Harrison, S., Jansson, K. N., Anderson, K. & Cowley, A. Global sea-level contribution from the Patagonian Icefields since the Little Ice Age maximum. Nature Geosci. 4, 303-307 (2011).
32. Carrivick, J. L., Davies, B. J., Glasser, N. F., Nývlt, D. & Hambrey, M. J. Late-Holocene changes in character and behaviour of land-terminating glaciers on James Ross Island, Antarctica. J. Glaciol. 58, 1176-1190 (2012).
33. Cuffey, K. M. & Paterson, W. S. B. The Physics of Glaciers (Elsevier, 2010).
34. Rignot, E. & Mouginot, J. Ice flow in Greenland for the International Polar Year 2008-2009. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L11501 (2012).
35. Krabill, W. B. IceBridge ATM L2 Icessn Elevation, Slope, and Roughness, [2003-2010] data set http://nsidc.org/data/blatm2 (National Snow and Ice Data Center, 2014).
36. Zwally, H. J. et al. GLAS/ICESat L2 Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheet Altimetry Data V031 data set https://nsidc.org/data/icesat/data.html (National Snow and Ice Data Center, 2011).
37. National Snow and Ice Data Center. ICESat: Description of Data Releases data set http://nsidc.org/data/icesat/data-releases.html (2011).
38. Howat, I. M., Smith, B. E., Joughin, I. R. & Scambos, T. A. Rates of southeast Greenland ice volume loss from combined ICESat and ASTER observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L17505 (2008).
39. Pritchard, H. D., Arthern, R. J., Vaughan, D. G. & Edwards, L. A. Extensive dynamic thinning on the margins of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Nature 461, 971-975 (2009).
40. Blair, B. & Hofton, M. IceBridge LVIS L2 Geolocated Ground Elevation and Return Energy Quartiles, [2010] data set. http://nsidc.org/data/ilvis2.html (National Snow and Ice Data Center, 2010).
41. Ewert, H., Groh, A. & Dietrich, R. Volume and mass changes of the Greenland ice sheet inferred from ICESat and GRACE. J. Geodyn. 59-60, 111-123 (2012).
42. Kjeldsen, K. K. et al. Improved ice loss estimate of the northwestern Greenland ice sheet. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 118, 698-708 (2013).
43. Smith, B. E., Fricker, H. A., Joughin, I. R. & Tulaczyk, S. An inventory of active subglacial lakes in Antarctica detected by ICESat (2003-2008). J. Glaciol. 55, 573-595 (2009).
44. Rignot, E. & Kanagaratnam, P. Changes in the velocity structure of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Science 311, 986-990 (2006).
45. Arendt, A. et al. Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines Version 3.2, http://www.glims.org/RGI/ (Global Land Ice Measurements from Space, 2013).
46. Danish Geodata Agency. Ground control for 1:150,000 scale aerials, Greenland http://gst.dk/emner/landkort-topografi/groenland/ground-control-greenland/ (GST, 2013).
47. Nuth, C. & Kääb, A. Co-registration and bias corrections of satellite elevation data sets for quantifying glacier thickness change. Cryosphere 5, 271-290 (2011).
48. Kääb, A. Remote Sensing of Mountain Glaciers and Permafrost Creep. Schriftenreihe Physische Geographie (Univ. Zürich, Department of Geography, 2005).
49. Wang, W., Li, J. & Zwally, H. J. Dynamic inland propagation of thinning due to ice loss at the margins of the Greenland ice sheet. J. Glaciol. 58, 734-740 (2012).
50. Krabill, W. B. et al. Greenland Ice Sheet: increased coastal thinning. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L24402 (2004).
51. Sasgen, I. et al. Timing and origin of recent regional ice-mass loss in Greenland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 333-334, 293-303 (2012).
52. Hurkmans, R. T. W. L. et al. Time-evolving mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet from satellite altimetry. Cryosphere 8, 1725-1740 (2014).
53. Lecavalier, B. S. et al. Revised estimates of Greenland ice sheet thinning histories based on ice-core records Greenland. Quat. Sci. Rev. 63, 73-82 (2013).
54. Pfeffer, W. T., Meier, M. F. & Illangasekare, T. H. Retention of Greenland runoff by refreezing: implications for projected future sea level change. J. Geophys. Res. 96, 22117-22124 (1991).
55. Box, J. E. et al. Greenland ice sheet mass balance reconstruction. Part I: Net snow accumulation (1600-2009). J. Clim. 26, 3919-3934 (2013).
56. Andersen, M. L. et al. Basin-scale partitioning of Greenland ice sheet mass balance components (2007-2011). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 409, 89-95 (2015).
57. Weidick, A. Historical fluctuations of calving glaciers in South and West Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands Geol. Unders. 161, 73-79 (1994).
58. Weidick, B. A. Neoglacial glaciations around Hans Tausen Iskappe, Peary Land, North Greenland. Medd. Gronl. Geosci. 39, 5-26 (2001).