Technology, Political Economy, and Professionalization: Central Themes of the Organizational Synthesis

Business History Review

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 1983, Pages 471-493

  Galambos, Louis ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84950016837     PISSN: 00076805     EISSN: 2044768X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3114810     Document Type: Article

References (148)

1. Louis Galambos, “The Emerging Organizational Synthesis in Modern American History,” Business History Review, 44 (Autumn 1970), 279-290
2. Edwin J. Perkins, ed., Men and Organizations: The American Economy in the Twentieth Century (New York, 1977), 1–5.
3. Robert D. Cuff, “American Historians and the ‘Organizational Factor,’” Canadian Review of American Studies, 4 (Spring 1973), 19—31
4. Tom G. Hall, “Agricultural History and the ‘Organizational Synthesis’: A Review Essay,” Agricultural History, 48 (April 1974), 313-325
5. Robert F. Berkhofer, Jr., “The Organizational Interpretation of American History: A New Synthesis,” Prospects, 4 (1979), 611–629.
6. Robert Wiebe, The Search for Order, 1877 – 1920 (New York, 1967)
7. Robert Wiebe, The Segmented Society: An Introduction to the Meaning of America (New York, 1975).
8. Berkhofer, “The Organizational Interpretation,” 611 – 629
9. Louis Galambos, America at Middle Age: A New History of the United States in the Twentieth Century (New York, 1982).
10. Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise (Cambridge, 1962)
11. Jon Didricksen, “The Development of Diversified and Conglomerate Firms in the United States, 1920 - 1970,” Business History Review, 46 (Summer 1972), 202-219
12. Derek F. Channon, The Strategy and Structure of British Enterprise (Boston, 1974)
13. Richard P. Rumelt, Strategy, Structure, and Economic Performance (Boston, 1974)
14. Harold F. Williamson, ed., Evolution of International Management Structures (Newark, 1975).
15. Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business (Cambridge, 1977).
16. David A. Hounshell, “Commentary/On the Discipline of the History of American Technology,” Journal of American History, 67 (March 1981), 854-865.
17. Richard B. Du Boff, “Business Demand and the Development of the Telegraph in the United States, 1844 - 1860,” Business History Review, 54 (Winter 1980), esp. 478–479.
18. Richard E. Caves, “Industrial Organization, Corporate Strategy and Structure,” Journal of Economic Literature, 18 (March 1980), 64-92
19. Oliver E. Williamson, “The Modern Corporation: Origins, Evolution, Attributes,” Journal of Economic Literature, 19 (December 1981), 1537–1568.
20. Chandler, The Visible Hand, p. 11.
21. Thomas Park Hughes, Elmer Sperry: Inventor and Engineer (Baltimore, 1971).
22. Reese V. Jenkins, Images and Enterprise: Technology and the American Photographic Industry, 1839 to 1925 (Baltimore, 1975).
23. Arthur R. Bums, The Decline of Competition: A Study of the Evolution of American Industry (New York, 1936)
24. Alfred S. Eichner, The Emergence of Oligopoly: Sugar Refining as a Case Study (Baltimore, 1969)
25. Ellis W. Hawley, “Antitrust,” in Glenn Porter, ed., Encyclopedia of American Economic History, vol. 2, 772–787.
26. Louis Galambos, American Business History (Washington, 1967).
27. Glenn Porter and Harold C. Livesay, Merchants and Manufacturers’. Studies in the Changing Structure of 19th Century Marketing (Baltimore, 1971)
28. Thomas G. Marx, “Technological Change and the Theory of the Firm: The American Locomotive Industry, 1920 - 1955,” Business History Review, 50 (Spring 1976), 1-24
29. Michael Massouh, “Technological and Managerial Innovation: The Johnson Company, 1883-1898,” Business History Review, 50 (Spring 1976), 46-68
30. William J. Abernathy, The Productivity Dilemma: Roadblock to Innovation in the Automobile Industry (Baltimore, 1978)
31. Charles W. Cheape, Moving the Masses: Urban Public Transit in New York, Boston and Philadelphia (Cambridge, 1980)
32. Thomas P. Hughes, “Emerging Themes in the History of Technology,” Technology and Culture, 20 (October 1979), 697–711.
33. William N. Parker discussion of this point in “American Capitalism: The Differentiation from European Origins” (Sapporo Cool Seminar on American Studies, Hokkaido University, 1981), esp. 22–24
34. Rosamund Thomas, The British Philosophy of Administration: A Comparison of British and American Ideas, 1900–1939 (New York, 1978)
35. Leslie Hannah, The Rise of the Corporate Economy: The British Experience (Baltimore, 1976)
36. S. J. Prais, The Evolution of Giant Firms in Britain (Cambridge, 1976)
37. John Zysman, Political Strategies for Industrial Order: State, Market, and Industry in France (Berkeley, 1977).
38. Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., and Herman Daems, eds., Managerial Hierarchies: Comparative Perspectives on the Rise of Modern Industrial Enterprise (Cambridge, 1980).
39. Herman Daems, “The Rise of the Modem Industrial Enterprise: A New Perspective,” in Managerial Hierarchies, 203–223
40. Derek F. Channon book on British enterprise, Business History Review, 49 (Summer 1975), 280–281.
41. Thomas Parke Hughes, Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880–1930 (Baltimore, 1983)
42. Sven B. Lundstedt and E. William Colglazier, Jr., eds., Managing Innovation: The Social Dimensions of Creativity, Invention and Technology (New York, 1982), 31-44
43. A. Rupert Hall and Norman Smith, eds., History of Technology (London, 1980), 1–16.
44. Raymond Vernon, Sovereignty at Bay: The Multinational Spread of U.S. Enterprises (New York, 1971)
45. Mira Wilkins, The Maturing of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from 1914 to 1970 (Cambridge, 1974).
46. Daniel Boorstin, The Americans. The Democratic Experience (New York, 1973).
47. Elting G. Morison, From Know-How to Nowhere: The Development of American Technology (New York, 1974).
48. Joseph A. Pratt, “Growth or a Clean Environment? Responses to Petroleum-related Pollution in the Gulf Coast Refining Region,” Business History Review, 52 (Spring 1978), 1-29
49. Joseph Petulla, American Environmental History (San Francisco, 1977)
50. Samuel P. Hays, “The Limits-to-Growth Issue: An Historical Perspective,” in Chester L. Cooper, ed., Growth in America (Westport, 1976), 115-142.
51. Robert L. Heilbroner, Business Civilization in Decline (New York, 1976).
52. David Montgomery, Workers’ Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology, and Labor Struggles (Cambridge, 1979)
53. Richard Edwards, Contested Terrain: The Transformation of the Workplace in the Twentieth Century (New York, 1979).
54. Glenn Porter, The Rise of Big Business, 1860 – 1910 (Arlington Heights, Illinois, 1973).
55. Alonzo L. Hamby, Beyond the New Deal: Harry S. Truman and American Liberalism (New York, 1973).
56. James T. Patterson, America in the Twentieth Century: A History (New York, 1976)
57. Robert F. Himmelberg, The Origins of the National Recovery Administration: Business, Government and the Trade Association Issue, 1921–1933 (New York, 1976)
58. Barry D. Karl optimistic article on “Philanthropy, Policy Planning, and the Bureaucratization of the Democratic Ideal,” Daedalus (Fall 1976), 129–149.
59. Albro Martin, Enterprise Denied: Origins of the Decline of American Railroads, 1897 – 1917 (New York, 1971), 359–360.
60. Jonathan R.T. Hughes, The Governmental Habit: Economic Controls from Colonial Times to the Present (New York, 1977).
61. Jonathan R.T. Hughes, “The Great Strike at Nushagak Station, 1951: Institutional Gridlock’ Journal of Economic History, 42 (March 1982), 1–20.
62. Peter D. McClelland and Alan L. Magdovitz, Crisis in the Making: The Political Economy of New York State since 1945 (Cambridge, 1981).
63. Carolyn L. Weaver, Crisisin Social Security: Economic and Political Origins (Durham, 1983).
64. Ellis W. Hawley, “Hie Discovery and Study of a ‘Corporate Liberalism,’” Business History Review, 52 (Autumn 1978), 319
65. R. Jeffrey Lustig, Corporate Liberalism: The Origins of Modern American Political Theory, 1890–1920 (Berkeley, 1982).
66. Stephen Skowronek, Building a New American State: The Expansion of National Administrative Capacity, 1877 – 1920 (Cambridge, 1982)
67. James E. Hewes, Jr., From Root to McNamara: Army Departmental Organization and Administration, 1900–1963 (Washington, D.C., 1975).
68. David B. Tyack, “City Schools: Centralization of Control at the Turn of the Century,” in Jerry Israel, ed., Building the Organizational Society: Essays on Associational Activities in Modern America (New York, 1972)
69. Samuel P. Hays, “The Politics of Reform in Municipal Government in the Progressive Era,” Pacific Northwest Quarterly, 55 (October 1964), 157–169.
70. Samuel P. Hays, “The New Organizational Society,” in Jerry Israel, ed., Building the Organizational Society, 5–9.
71. Gabriel Kolko, Main Currents in Modern American History (New York, 1976), 398
72. Carle P. Parrini and Martin J. Sklar, “Periodization and History: The Corporate Reconstruction of American Society, 1896 - 1914” (a paper delivered at the Organization of American Historians, 1981)
73. Burton I. Kaufman, “United States Trade and Latin America: The Wilson Years,” Journal of American History, 57 (September 1971), 342-363
74. Burton I. Kaufman “The Organizational Dimension of United States Foreign Economic Policy, 1900-1920,” Business History Review, 46 (Spring 1972), 17-44
75. Burton I. Kaufman Efficiency and Expansion: Foreign Trade Organization in the Wilson Administration, 1913–1921 (Westport, 1974)
76. Rodney Carlisle, “The ‘American Century’ Implemented: Stettinius and the Liberian Flag of Convenience,” Business History Review, 54 (Summer 1980), 175–191.
77. Robert Freeman Smith, The United States and Revolutionary Nationalism in Mexico, 1916 – 1932 (Chicago, 1972)
78. Jules Robert Benjamin, The United States and Cuba: Hegemony and Dependent Development, 1880 – 1934 (Pittsburgh, 1977)
79. Fred L. Block, The Origins of International Economic Disorder. A Study of United States International Monetary Policy from World War II to the Present (Berkeley, 1977).
80. Kim McQuaid, “Corporate Liberalism in the American Business Community, 1920 - 1940,” Business History Review, 52 (Autumn 1978), 342-368
81. Robert M. Collins, “Positive Business Responses to the New Deal: The Roots of the Committee for Economic Development, 1933–1942,” 369-391
82. McQuaid Big Business and Presidential Power: From FDR to Reagan (New York, 1981)
83. Michael E. Parrish, Securities Regulation and the New Deal (New Haven, 1970).
84. Carroll W. Pursell, Jr., ed., The Military-Industrial Complex (New York, 1972)
85. Paul A. C. Koistinen, The Military-Industrial Complex: A Historical Perspective (New York, 1980)
86. Gabriel Kolko, Main Currents, 337 - 347
87. Richard Barnet, Roofs of War (New York, 1972), 137–238, on “The Political Economy of Expansionism.”
88. Thomas K. McCraw, TVA and the Power Fight, 1933–1939 (Philadelphia, 1971)
89. McCraw, “Regulation in America: A Review Article,” Business History Review, 49 (Summer 1975), 159–183
90. William R. Doezema, “Railroad Management and the Interplay of Federal and State Regulation, 1885-1916,” Business History Review, 50 (Summer 1976), 153-178
91. Donald A. Ritchie, James M. Landis: Dean of the Regulators (Cambridge, 1980)
92. William Graebner, “Great Expectations: The Search for Order in Bituminous Coal, 1890-1917,” Business History Review, 48 (Spring 1974), 49–72
93. James P. Johnson, The Politics of Soft Coal: The Bituminous Industry from World War I through the New Deal (Urbana, 1979).
94. Thomas K. McCraw, “Regulation in America,” 160–171.
95. Samuel P. Hays penetrating essay on “Political Choice in Regulatory Administration,” in Thomas K. McCraw, ed., Regulation in Perspective, 124–154.
96. Thomas K. McCraw, “With Consent of the Governed: SEC's Formative Years,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 1, no. 3 (1982), 346–370.
97. Mansel G. Blackford, The Politics of Business in California, 1890 – 1920 (Columbus, 1977), 171
98. Jonathan Lurie, The Chicago Board of Trade, 1859 - 1905: The Dynamics of Self-Regulation (Urbana, 1979).
99. Hawley ideas see the following: “Herbert Hoover, The Commerce Secretariat, and the Vision of an Associative State,” Journal of American History, 61 (June 1974), 116-140
100. Ellis W. Hawley, ed., Herbert Hoover as Secretary of Commerce: Studies in New Era Thought and Practice (Iowa City, 1981), 1—16, 43-79
101. Guy Alchon, “Technocratic Social Science and the Rise of Managed Capitalism, 1910-1933” (Ph. D. dissertation, University of Iowa, 1982).
102. Robert D. Cuff, “An Organizational Perspective on the Military-Industrial Complex,” Business History Review, 52 (Summer 1978), 250-267
103. Cuffs The War Industries Board: Business-Government Relations During World War 1 (Baltimore, 1973)
104. Donald J. Mrozek, “The Truman Administration and the Enlistment of the Aviation Industry in Postwar Defense,” Business History Review, 48 (Spring 1974), 72-94
105. Benjamin Franklin Cooling, ed., War, Business, and American Society: Historical Perspectives on the Military-Industrial Complex (Port Washington, 1977).
106. Robert M. Collins, The Business Response to Keynes, 1929 – 1964 (New York, 1981), 204–205.
107. Robert Griffith, “Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Corporate Commonwealth,” American Historical Review, 87 (February 1982), 87–122
108. Allen J. Matusow, “The Unravelling of America: A History of Liberalism in the 1960s” (forthcoming, Harper & Row), ch. 2.
109. Douglas J. Little, “Twenty Years of Turmoil: ITT, the State Department, and Spain, 1924 - 1944,” Business History Review, 52 (Winter 1979), 449–472.
110. William H. Becker, The Dynamics of Business-Government Relations: Industry and Exports, 2893–1921 (Chicago, 1982).
111. Michael J. Hogan, Informal Entente: The Private Struture of Cooperation in Anglo-American Economic Diplomacy (New York, 1977).
112. Joan Hoff Wilson, American Business and Foreign Policy, 1920 – 1933 (Lexington, 1971)
113. Richard Hume Werking, The Master Architects: Building the United States Foreign Service, 1890 – 1913 (Lexington, 1977)
114. Irvine H. Anderson, The Standard-Vacuum Oil Company and United States East Asian Policy, 1933–1941 (Princeton, 1975)
115. Frederick C. Adams, Economic Diplomacy: The Export-Import Bank and American Foreign Policy, 1934–1939 (New York, 1976).
116. Bernard Bailyn, “The Challenge of Modern Historiography,” American Historical Review, 87 (February 1982), 9–11.
117. John S. Brubacker and Willis Rudy, Higher Education in Transition: A History of American Colleges and Universities, 1636–1976 (New York, 1976), 256–260
118. Joseph Ben-David, American Higher Education (New York, 1972), 1–2, 42–47
119. J. Stefan Dupré and Stanford A. Lakoff, Science and the Nation (Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1962), 9-19
120. William R. Nelson, ed., The Politics of Science (London, 1968), 55–69.
121. Alexandra Oleson and John Voss, eds., The Organization of Knowledge in Modern America, 1860 – 1920 (Baltimore, 1976)
122. Charles E. Rosenberg, “Science in American Society: A Generation of Historical Debate (Unpublished lecture, 1982).
123. Thomas L. Haskell, “Are Professors Professional?” in Journal of Social History, 14 (Spring 1981), 485-493
124. Bruce Sinclair, A Centennial History of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1880–1980 (Toronto, 1980).
125. Thomas L. Haskell, The Emergence of Professional Social Science: The American Social Science Association and the Nineteenth-Century Crisis of Authority (Urbana, 1977).
126. Thomas L. Haskell, “Professionalization as Cultural Reform,” Humanities in Society, 1 (Spring 1978), 103–114
127. John W. Servos has reminded us that specialization has not always been successful: “A Disciplinary Program That Failed: Wilder D. Bancroft and the Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1896-1933,” Isis, 73 (267), 207–232.
128. The Culture of Professionalism: The Middle Class and the Development of Higher Education in America (New York, 1976), 334.
129. Mary O. Fumer, Advocacy and Objectivity: A Crisis in the Professionalization of American Social Science, 1868 – 1905 (Lexington, Mass., 1975), 323–324.
130. Unequal Justice. Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America (London, 1976)
131. Stephen Botein review essay, “Professional History Reconsidered,” American Journal of Legal History, 21 (January 1977), 60–79
132. James Gordon Burrow, Organized Medicine in the Progressive Era: The Move Toward Monopoly (Baltimore, 1977)
133. Norman Gevitz, The D.O.'s: Osteopathic Medicine in America (Baltimore, 1982).
134. America by Design: Science, Technology, and the Rise of Corporate Capitalism (Oxford, 1977), 321.
135. E. Richard Brown, Rockefeller Medicine Men: Medicine and Capitalism in America (Berkeley, 1979)
136. Robert E. Kohler, “The Management of Science; The Experience of Warren Weaver and the Rockefeller Foundation Programme in Molecular Biology,” Minerva, 14 (Autumn 1976), 279-306
137. “A Policy for the Advancement of Science; The Rockefeller Foundation, 1924-29,” Minerva, 16 (Winter 1978), 480–515.
138. Edwin T. Layton, Jr., The Revolt of the Engineers; Social Responsibility and the American Engineering Profession (Cleveland, 1971)
139. Leonard S. Reich, “Research, Patents, and the Struggle to Control Radio: A Study of Big Business and the Uses of Industrial Research,” Business History Review 51 (Summer 1977), 208-235
140. Leonard S. Reich “Industrial Research and the Pursuit of Corporate Security; The Early Years of Bell Labs,” Business History Review, 54 (Winter 1980), 504-529
141. Leonard S. Reich “Irving Langmuir and the Pursuit of Science and Technology in the Corporate Environment,” Technology and Culture, 24 (April 1983), 199-221
142. John W. Servos, “The Industrial Relations of Science; Chemical Engineering at MIT, 1900-1939,” Isis, 71 (no. 259), 531–549.
143. Stuart W. Leslie, “Charles F. Kettering and the Copper-cooled Engine,” Technology and Culture, 20 (October 1979), 752-776
144. Stuart W. Leslie, “Thomas Midgley and the Politics of Industrial Research,” Business History Review, 54 (Winter 1980), 480-503
145. Stuart W. Leslie, Boss Kettering (New York, 1983).
146. H. Thomas Johnson, “Management Accounting in an Early Multidivisional Organization; General Motors in the 1920s,” Business History Review, 52 (Winter 1978), 490—517.
147. Stephen A. Zeff, Forging Accounting Principles in Five Countries: A History and an Analysis of Trends (Champaign, 1972).
148. Hugh G. J. Aitken, Syntony and Spark— The Origins of Radio (New York, 1976).