Caves: Processes, Development and Management

Caves: Processes, Development and Management

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 1-324

  Gillieson, David ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGERS; LINE DIAGRAMS; NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS;

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT;

EID: 84949775653     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781444313680     Document Type: Book

References (508)

1. Courbon, P., Chabert, C, Bosted, P. and Lindsley, K. 1989: Atlas of the Great Caves of the World. St Louis: Cave Books, 368 pp.
2. Oldfield, F. 1977: Lakes and their drainage basins as units of sediment based landscape reconstruction. Progress in Physical Geography 1, 460-504.
3. White, W. B. 1984: Rate processes: chemical kinetics and karst landform development. In R. G. La Fleur (ed.) Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent. Boston: Allen & Unwin, 227-48.
4. Worthington, S. R. H. 1984: The Palaeodrainage of an Appalachian Fluviokarst: Friar's Hole, West Virginia. MSc. thesis, McMaster University.
5. Aley, T. and Fletcher, M. W. 1976: Water tracers' cookbook. Missouri Speleology 16 (3), 1-32.
6. Allison, G. B., Stone, W. J. and Hughes, M. W. 1985: Recharge in karst and dune elements of a semi-arid landscape as indicated by natural isotopes and chloride. J. Hydrol. 76, 1-25.
7. Ashton, K. 1966: The analysis of flow data from karst drainage systems. Trans. Cave Research Group G.B. 7 (2), 161-203.
8. Atkinson, T. C. 1977: Diffuse flow and conduit flow in limestone terrain in the Mendip Hills, Somerset (Great Britain). Hydrol. 35, 93-110.
9. Atkinson, T. C. 1985: Present and future directions in karst hydrogeology. Ann. Soc. Geol. Belgtque 108, 293-6.
10. Atkinson, T. C. and Smart, P. L. 1979: Traceurs artificiels en hydrogeologie. Bulletin BGRM (2e ser.) III (3), 365-380.
11. Atkinson, T. C, Smart, D. I., Lavis, J. J. and Whitaker, R.J. 1973: Experiments in tracing underground waters in limestones. J. Hydrol. 19, 323-49.
12. Bakalowicz, M. and Mangin, A. 1980: L'aquifere karstique: sa definition, ses characteristiques et son identification. Mm. L. sr. Soc. Geol. France 11, 71-9.
13. Bencala, K. E., Rathburn, R. E., Jackman, A. P., Kennedy, V. C, Zellweger, G. W. and Avanzino, R. J. 1983: Rhodamine WT losses in a mountain stream environment. Water Resources Bulletin 19, 943-50.
14. Bradley, E., Brown, R. M., Gonfiantini, R., Payne, B. R., Przewlocki, K., Sauzay, G., Yen, C. K. and Yurtsever, Y. 1972: Nuclear techniques in groundwater hydrology. In Groundwater Studies: An International Guide for Research & Practice. Paris: UNESCO, ch. 10.
15. Bretz, J. H. 1942: Vadose and phreatic features of limestone caves. J. Geol. 50 (6), 675-811.
16. Brook, G. A. and Ford, D. C. 1980: Hydrology of the Nahanni karst, northern Canada, and the importance of extreme summer storms. J. Hydrol. 46, 103-21.
17. Brown, M. C. 1972: Karst Hydrology of the Lower Maligne Basin, Jasper, Alberta. Cave Studies 13, Cave Res. Ass., CA, 178 pp.
18. Brown, M. C. 1973: Mass balance and spectral analysis applied to karst hydrologic networks. Water Resources Research 9, 749-52.
19. Checkley, D. 1993: Cave of Thunder: the exploration of the Baliem River cave, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. International Caver 6, 11-17.
20. Christopher, N. S. J. 1980: A preliminary flood pulse study of Russett Well, Derbyshire. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 7(1), 1-12.
21. Christopher, N. S. J., Trudgill, S. T., Crabtree, R. W., Pickles, A. M. and Culshaw, S. M. 1981: A hydrological study of the Castleton area, Derbyshire. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 8 (4), 189-206.
22. Courbon, P., Chabert, C, Bosted, P. and Lindsley, K. 1989: Atlas of the Great Caves of the World. St Louis: Cave Books, 368 pp.
23. Crawford, S. 1994: Hydrology and Geomorphology of the Paparoa Karst, North Westland, New Zealand. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Auckland, 240 pp.
24. Davis, W. M. 1930: Origin of limestone caverns. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 41, 475-628.
25. Drew, D. P. and Smith, D. I. 1969: Techniques for the tracing of subterranean water. Brit. Geomorph. Res. Group, Tech. Bull. 2, 36.
26. Dreybrodt, W. 1990: The role of dissolution kinetics in the development of karst aquifers in limestone: a model simulation of karst evolution. J. Geol. 98, 639-65.
27. Even, H., Carmi, I., Magaritz, M. and Gerson, R. 1986: Timing the transport of water through the upper vadose zone in a karstic system above a cave in Israel. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 11, 181-91.
28. Fetter, C. W. 1988: Applied Hydrogeology, 2nd edn. New York: Merrill, 592 pp.
29. Ford, D. C. 1965: The origin of limestone caverns: a model from the central Mendip Hills, England. NSS Bull. 27, 109-32.
30. Ford, D. C. and Ewers, R. O. 1978: The development of limestone cave systems in the dimensions of length and depth. Can. J. Earth Sci. 15, 1783-98.
31. Ford, D. C. and Williams, P. W. 1989: Karst Geomorphology and Hydrology. London: Unwin Hyman, 601 pp.
32. Francis, G., Gillieson, D. S., James, J. M. and Montgomery, N. R. 1980: Underground geomorphology of the Muller Plateau. In J. M. James and H. J. Dyson (ed.) Caves and Karst of the Muller Range. Sydney: Speleological Research Council, 110-17.
33. Freeze, R. A. and Cherry, J. A. 1979: Groundwater. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
34. Friederich, H. and Smart, P. L. 1982: The classification of autogenic percolation waters in karst aquifers: a study in G. B. Cave, Mendip Hills, England. Proc. Univ. Bristol Speleo. Soc. 16 (2), 143-59.
35. Ghassemi, M. and Christian, R. F. 1968: Properties of the yellow organic acids of natural waters. Limnology and Oceanography 13, 583-97.
36. Grodzicki, J. 1985: Genesis of the Nullarbor Plains caves in Southern Australia. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 29 (1), 37-49.
37. Hagen, G. 1839: Über die Bewegung des Wassers in engen cylindrischen Rohren. Poggendorff Annalen 46, 423-42.
38. Hotzl, H. and Werner, A. 1992: Tracer Hydrology. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema.
39. International Atomic Energy Agency 1983: Guidebook on Nuclear Techniques in Hydrology, Technical Reports Series No. 91. Vienna: IAEA.
40. Jakucs, L. 1959: Neue Methoden der Höhlenforschung in Ungarn und ihre Ergebnisse. Die Höhle 10, 88-98.
41. Jankowski, J. and Jacobson, G. 1991: Hydrochemistry of a groundwater-seawater mixing zone, Nauru Island, Central Pacific Ocean. BMR J. Aust. Geol. Geophys. 12, 51-64.
42. Julian, M. and Nicod, J. 1989: Les karsts des Alpes du Sud et de Provence. Z. Geomorph. N.F. Suppl. Bd. 75, 1-48.
43. Kiernan, K. 1993: The Exit Cave quarry: tracing waterflows and resource policy evolution. Helictite 31, 27-42.
44. Lauritzen, S. E., Abbott, J., Arnesen, R., Crossley, G., Grepperud, D., Ive, A. and Johnson, S. 1985: Morphology and hydraulics of an active phreatic conduit. Cave Science 12 (3), 139-46.
45. Leontiadis, I. L., Paynes, B. R. and Christodoulou, T. 1988: Isotope hydrology of the Aghios Nikolaos area of Crete, Greece. J. Hydrol. 98, 121-32.
46. Lowe, D. J. 1989: Limestones and caves of the Forest of Dean. In T. D. Ford (ed.) Limestones and Caves of Wales. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 106-16.
47. Maire, R. 1990: La haute montaigne calcaire. Karstologia - Mémoires 3, 731 pp.
48. Mangin, A. 1975: Contribution à l'étude hydrodynamique des aquifères karstiques. DES thesis, University of Dijon (Ann. Spéléo. 29 (3), 1974, 283-332; 29 (4), 1974, 495-601; 30 (1), 1975, 21-124).
49. Milanovic, P. T. 1981: Karst Hydrogeology. Littleton, CO: Water Resources Pubs.
50. Mylroie, J.E., and Carew, J.L., 1990: The flank margin model for dissolution cave development in carbonate platforms. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 15, p. 413-24.
51. Palmer, A. N. 1987: Cave levels and their interpretation. NSS Bull. 49, 50-66.
52. Palmer, R. J. 1986: Hydrology and speleogenesis beneath Andros Island. Cave Science 13 (1), 7-12.
53. Poseuille, J. M. L. 1846: Recherches expérimentales sur le mouvement des liquides dans les tubes de très petits diamètres. Acad. Sci. Paris Mem. sav. étrang. 9, 433-545.
54. Quinlan, J. F. (ed.) 1987: Practical Karst Hydrogeology with Emphasis on Groundwater Monitoring. Dublin, OH: National Well Water Association 6, E1-E26.
55. Quinlan, J. F. and Ewers, R. O. 1989: Subsurface drainage in the Mammoth Cave area. In W. B. White and E. L. White (eds) Karst Hydrology: Concepts from the Mammoth Cave Area. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 65-103.
56. Quinlan, J. F. and Ray, J. A. 1981: Groundwater Basins in the Mammoth Cave Region, Kentucky. Friends of the Karst, Occ. Pub. 1.
57. Quinlan, J. F., Ewers, R. O. and Aley, T. 1991: Practical Karst Hydrology, with Emphasis on Ground-Water Monitoring. Field Excursion: Hydrogeology of the Mammoth Cave Region, with Emphasis on Problems of Ground-Water Contamination. Dublin, OH: National Ground Water Association, 93 pp.
58. Rhoades, R. and Sinacori, N. M. 1941: Patterns of groundwater flow and solution. J. Geol. 49, 785-94.
59. Smart, C. C. 1983: The hydrology of the Castleguard karst, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research 15 (4), 471-86.
60. Smart, C. C. 1988a: Exceedance probability distributions of steady conduit flow in karst aquifers. Hrdrological Processes 2, 31-41.
61. Smart, C. C. 1988b: Artificial tracer techniques for the determination of the structure of conduit aquifers. Groundwater 26 (4), 445-53.
62. Smart, C. C. 1988c: Quantitative tracing of the Maligne Karst System, Alberta, Canada. J. Hydrol. 98, 185-204.
63. Smart, P. L. 1981: Variations of conduit flow velocities in the Longwood to Cheddar Rising System, Mendip Hills. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 1, 333-5.
64. Smart, P. L. 1984: A review of the toxicity of twelve fluorescent dyes used for water tracing. NSS Bull. 46, 21-33.
65. Smart, P. L. and Hobbs, S. L. 1986: Characteristics of carbonate aquifers: a conceptual basis. In Proceedings, Environmental Problems in Karst Terranes and their Solutions. Bowling Green, KY: National Well Water Association, 1-14.
66. Smart, P. L. and Hodge, P. 1980: Determination of the character of the Longwood sinks to Cheddar resurgence conduit using an artificial pulse wave. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 7 (4), 208-11.
67. Smart, P. L. and Laidlaw, I. M. S. 1977: An evaluation of some fluorescent dyes for water tracing. Water Resources Res. 13, 15-23.
68. Smart, P. L. and Smith, D. I. 1976: Water tracing in tropical regions, the use of fluorometric techniques in Jamaica. J. Hydrol. 30, 179-95.
69. Smart, P. L., Atkinson, T. C, Laidlaw, I. M. S., Newson, M. D. and Trudgill, S. T. 1986: Comparison of the results of quantitative and non-quantitative tracer tests for determination of karst conduit networks: an example from the Traligill Basin, Scotland. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 11, 249-61.
70. Stanton, W. I. and Smart, P. L. 1981: Repeated dye traces of underground streams in the Mendip Hills, Somerset. Proc. Univ. Bristol Speleo. Soc. 16 (1), 47-58.
71. Swinnerton, A. C. 1932: Origin of limestone caverns. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 43, 662-93.
72. Thrailkill, J. 1968a: Chemical and hydrological factors in the excavation of limestone caves. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 79, 19-46.
73. Trudgill, S. T. 1987: Soil water dye tracing, with special reference to the use of Rhodamine WT, Lissamine FF and Amino G Acid. Hydrological Processes 1, 149-70.
74. Vennard, J. K. and Street, R. L. 1976: Elementary Fluid Mechanics, 5th edn, S.I. version. New York: Wiley.
75. White, W. B. 1988: Geomorphology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains. New York: Oxford University Press.
76. Williams, P. W. 1977: Hydrology of the Waikoropupu Springs: a major tidal karst resurgence in northwest Nelson (New Zealand). J. Hydrol. 35, 73-92.
77. Williams, P. W. 1983: The role of the subcutaneous zone in karst hydrology. J. Hydrol. 61, 45-67.
78. Williams, P. W. 1984: Karst hydrology of the Takaka valley and the source of New Zealand's largest spring. In A. Burger and L. Dubertret (ed.) Hydrogeology of Karstic Terrain: Case Histories. International Contributions to Hydrogeology Series, Vol. 1. Series eds G. Castany, E. Groba and E. Romijn. Hanover: Heise.
79. Worthington, S. R. H. 1991: Karst Hydrogeology of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Unpublished PhD thesis, McMaster University, 370 pp.
80. Back, W., Hanshaw, B. B. and van Driel, J. J. 1984: Role of groundwater in shaping the eastern coastline of the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico. In R. G. La Fleur (ed.) Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent. Boston: Allen & Unwin, 281-93.
81. Bakalowicz, M. 1981: Les eaux d'infiltration dans I'aquifere karstique. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo. Kentucky, 2, 710-12.
82. Bakalowicz, M. J., Ford, D. C, Miller, T. E., Palmer, A. N. and Palmer, M. V. 1987: Thermal genesis of dissolution caves in the Black Hills, South Dakota. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 99, 729-38.
83. Baker, V. R. 1981: Pseudokarst on Mars. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 1, 63-5.
84. Bogli, A. 1964: Mischungskorrosion: etn Beitrag zum Verkarstungs-problem. Erdkunde 18 (2), 83-92.
85. Bogli, A. (ed.) 1970: he Holloch et son karst. Neuchatel: Baconniere.
86. Bogli, A. 1980: Karst Hydrology and Physical Speleology. Berlin: Springer, 116-213.
87. Charity, R. A. P. and Christopher, N. S. J. 1977: The Ogod Ffynnon Ddu cave system, South Wales, in relation to the structure of the Carboniferous Limestone. Proc. 7th Int. Congr. Speleo., Sheffield, 108-9.
88. Checkley, D. 1993: Cave of Thunder: the exploration of the Baliem River cave, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. International Caver 6, 11-17.
89. Connolly, M. and Francis, G. 1979: Cave and landscape evolution at Isaacs Creek, New South Wales. Helictite 17, 5-24.
90. Courbon, P., Chabert, C, Bosted, P. and Lindsley, K. 1989: Atlas of the Great Caves of the World. St Louis: Cave Books, 368 pp.
91. Crawford, S. 1994: Hydrology and Geomorphology of the Paparoa Karst, North Westland, New Zealand. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Auckland, 240 pp.
92. Curl, R. L. 1986: Fractal dimensions and geometries of caves. Math. Geol. 18 (8), 765-83.
93. Davis, D. G. 1980: Cave development in the Guadelupe Mountains: a critical review of recent hypotheses. Bull. Nat. Speleo. Soc. Am. 42 (3), 42-8.
94. Dreybrodt, W. 1981: Kinetics of the dissolution of calcite and its applications to karstification. Chem. Geol. 31, 245-69.
95. Dubljansky, V. N. 1979: The gypsum caves of the Ukraine. Cave Geol. 1 (6), 163-83.
96. Dunkley, J. R. 1985: Karst and caves of the Nam Lang-Nam Khong region, Thailand. Helictite 23 (1), 3-22.
97. Ewers, R. O. 1978: A model for the development of broad scale networks of groundwater flow in steeply dipping carbonate aquifers. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 5 (2), 121-5.
98. Farrant, A. R., Smart, P. L., Whitaker, F. F. and Tarling, D. H. 1995: Long-term Quaternary uplift rates inferred from limestone caves in Sarawak, Malaysia. Geology 23 (4), 357-60.
99. Finlayson, B. L. 1982: Granite caves in Girraween National Park, southeast Queensland. Helictite 20, 53-9.
100. Folk, R. L. 1959: Practical petrographic classification of limestones. Bull. Am. Soc. Petrol. Geol. 43, 1-38.
101. Folk, R. L. 1962: Spectral subdivision of limestone types. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Mem. 1, 62-84.
102. Ford, D. C. 1965: The origin of limestone caverns: a model from the central Mendip Hills, England. NSS Bull. 27, 109-32.
103. Ford, D. C. 1985: Dynamics of the karst system: A review of some recent work in North America. Annales de la Société Géologique de Belgique 108, 283-91.
104. Ford, D. C. 1988: Characteristics of dissolutional cave systems in carbonate rocks. In N. P. James and P. W. Choquette (ed.) Paleokarst. New York: Springer.
105. Ford, D. C. and Drake, J. J. 1982: Spatial and temporal variations in karst solution rates: the structure of variability. In C. E. Thorn (ed.) Space and Time in Geomorpbology. Boston: Allen & Unwin, 147-70.
106. Ford, D. C. and Ewers, R. O. 1978: The development of limestone cave systems in the dimensions of length and depth. Can. J. Earth Sei. 15, 1783-98.
107. Ford, D. C. and Williams, P. W. 1989: Karst Geomorpbology and Hydrology. London: Unwin Hyman.
108. Francis, G., Gillieson, D. S., James, J. M. and Montgomery, N. R. 1980: Underground geomorphology of the Muller Plateau. In J. M. James and H. J. Dyson (ed.) Caves and Karst of the Muller Range. Sydney: Speleological Research Council, 110-17.
109. Friederich, H. and Smart, P. L. 1981: Dye tracer studies of the unsaturated zone: recharge of the Carboniferous Limestone aquifer of the Mendip Hills, England. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 283-6.
110. Gibbons, J. R. H. and Clunie, F. G. A. U. 1986: Sea level changes and Pacific prehistory. J. Pacific History 21, 58-62.
111. Gilli, E. 1993: Les grandes volumes souterrains du massif de Mulu (Borneo, Sarawak, Malaisie). Karstologia 22, 1-14.
112. Gillieson, D. 1985: Geomorphic development of limestone caves in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 29, 51-70.
113. Gillieson, D. S. and Spate, A. P. 1992: The Nullarbor karst. In D. S. Gillieson (ed.) Geology, Climate, Hydrology and Karst Formation: Field Symposium in Australia: Guidebook, Special Publication No. 4, Department of Geography and Oceanography, University College, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, 65-99.
114. Gillieson, D., Gorecki, P., Head, J. and Hope, G. 1986: Soil erosion and agricultural history in the Central Highlands of New Guinea. In V. Gardiner (ed.) International Geomorphology. London: Wiley, 507-22.
115. Grimes, K. G. 1975: Pseudokarst: definition and types. Proc. 10th. Bienn. Conf. Aust. Speleo. Fedn, Brisbane, 6-10.
116. Gunn, J. 1981: Limestone solution rates and processes in the Waitomo district, New Zealand. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 6, 427-45.
117. Gunn, J. 1986: Solute processes and karst landforms. In S. T. Trudgill (ed.) Solute Processes. Chichester: Wiley, 363-437.
118. Halliday, W. R. 1995: 'Puna emergency road proposal - Kazumura Cave', (http://www.halcyon.com/samara/nssccms/punal.html) October 1995.
119. Hanshaw, B. B. and Back, W. 1979: Major geochemical processes in the evolution of carbonate-aquifer systems. J. Hydrol. 43, 278-312.
120. Hose, L. D. 1981: Fold development in the Anticlinorio Huizachal-Peregrina and its influence on the Sistema Purificación, Mexico. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 133-5.
121. Jakucs, L. 1977: Morpbogenetics of Karst Regions: Variants of Karst Evolution. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado.
122. Jakucs, L. and Mezosi, G. 1986: Genetic problems of the huge gypsum caves of the Ukraine. Acta Geografica 16, 15-38.
123. Jennings, J. N. 1967: Further remarks on the Big Hole, near Braidwood, New South Wales. Helictite 6, 3-9.
124. Jennings, J. N. 1968: Geomorphology of Barber Cave, Cooleman Plain, New South Wales. Helictite 6, 23-9.
125. Jennings, J. N. 1983: Sandstone pseudokarst or karst? In R. L. Young and G. Nanson (ed.) Aspects of Australian Sandstone Landscapes. Wollongong: Australian and New Zealand Geomorphology Group, 21-30.
126. Jennings, J. N. 1985: Karst Geomorphology. Oxford: Blackwell.
127. Joyce, E. B. 1980: Origin of lava caves. Proc. 13th Bienn. Conf. Aust. Speleo. Fedn, Melbourne, 40-8.
128. Klimchouk, A. B. 1992: Large gypsum caves in the Western Ukraine and their genesis. Cave Science 19, 3-11.
129. Lauritzen, S. E. and Lauritzen, A. 1995: Differential diagnosis of paragenetic and vadose canyons. Cave and Karst Science 21, 55-60.
130. Laverty, M. 1987: Fractals in karst. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 12, 475-80.
131. Leighton, M. W. and Pendexter, C. 1962: Carbonate rock types. Am. Ass. Petrol. Geol. Mem. 1, 33-61.
132. Lips, B., Gresse, A., Delamette, M. and Maire, R. 1993: Le Gouffre Jean Bernard (-1602m, Haute Savoie, Fr.): écoulements souterrains et formation du reseau. Karstologia 21, 1-14.
133. Lowe, D. J. 1989: Limestones and caves of the Forest of Dean. In T. D. Ford (ed.) Limestones and Caves of Wales. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 106-16.
134. Lowe, D. J. 1992: A historical review of concepts of speleogenesis. Cave Science 19, 63-90.
135. Lowry, D. C. and Jennings, J. N. 1974: The Nullarbor karst, Australia. Zeitschrift fur Géomorphologie 18, 35-81.
136. Mangin, A. 1975: Contribution à l'étude hydrodynamique des aquifères karstiques. DES thesis, University of Dijon (Ann. Spéléo. 29 (3), 1974, 283-332; 29 (4), 1974, 495-601; 30 (1), 1975, 21-124).
137. Miller, T. E. 1982: Hydrochemistry, Hydrology and Morphology of the Caves Branch Karst, Belize. PhD thesis, McMaster University.
138. Muller, P. and Sarvary, I. 1977: Some aspects of developments in Hungarian speleology theories during the last ten years. Karszt-es Barlang, 53-9.
139. Nunn, P. D. 1994: Oceanic Islands. Oxford: Blackwell, 416 pp.
140. Oilier, C. D. 1975: Coral island geomorphology - the Trobriand Islands. Zeitschrift fur Géomorphologie 19, 164-90.
141. Oilier, C. D. 1977: Lava caves, lava channels and layered lava. Atti de Seminario sulle Grotte Laviche. Catania: Gruppo Grotte Catania, 149-58.
142. Osborne, R. A. L. 1979: Preliminary report on a cave in tertiary basalt at Coolah, New South Wales. Helictite 17, 25-9.
143. Osborne, R. A. L. and Branagan, D. F. 1988: Karst landscapes of New South Wales. Earth Science Reviews 25, 467-80.
144. Palmer, A. N. 1975: The origin of maze caves. Bull. Nat. Speleo. Soc. Am. 37 (3), 56-76.
145. Palmer, A. N. 1981: A Geological Guide to Mammoth Cave National Park. Teaneck, NJ: Zephyrus Press, 196 pp.
146. Palmer, A. N. 1991: Origin and morphology of limestone caves. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 103, 1-21.
147. Palmer, R. J. 1989: Deep into Blue Holes. London: Unwin Hyman, 164 pp.
148. Peterson, D. N. and Swanson, D. A. 1974: Observed formation of lava tubes during 1970-1971 at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Studies in Speleology 2, 209-22.
149. Picknett, R. G., Bray, L. G. and Stenner, R. D. 1976: The chemistry of cave waters. In T. D. Ford and C. H. D. Cullingford (ed.) The Science of Speleology. London: Academic Press, 593 pp.
150. Playford, P. D. and Lowry, D. C. 1966: Devonian reef complexes of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. Bull. Geol. Surv. W. Aust. 118.
151. Plummer, L. N. 1975: Mixing of seawater with calcium carbonate ground water: quantitative studies in the geological sciences. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem. 142, 219-36.
152. Renault, H. P. 1968: Contribution à l'étude des actions mechaniques et sedimentologiques dans la spéléogenèse. Ann. Spéléo. 22, 5-21, 209-67; 23, 259-307, 529-96; 24, 313-37.
153. Smart, P. L., Bull, P. A., Rose, J., Laverty, M. and Noel, M. 1985: Surface and underground fluvial activity in the Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak: a palaeoclimatic interpretation. In I. Douglas and T. Spencer (ed.) Tropical Geomorphology and Environmental Change. London: Allen & Unwin, 123-48.
154. Smith, D. I. and Atkinson, T. C. 1976: Process, landforms and climate in limestone regions. In E. Derbyshire (ed.) Geomorphology and Climate. London: Wiley, 369-409.
155. Speleo Projects 1991: Lechuguilla: Jewel of the Underground. Basel: Speleo Projects, 144 pp.
156. Swanson, D. A. 1973: Pahoehoe flows from the 1969-1971 Mauna Ulu eruption, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 84, 615-26.
157. Trudgill, S. T. 1976: The erosion of limestone under soil and the long-term stability of soil-vegetation systems on limestone. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 1, 31-41.
158. Trudgill, S. T. 1985: Limestone Geomorphology. London: Longmans.
159. Truluck, T. 1994: The sandstone shafts of the Chimanimani Mountains. Caves and Caving 65, 15-18.
160. Waltham, A. C. (ed.) 1985: China Caves '85. London: Royal Geographical Society, 60 pp.
161. Wigley, T. M. L., Drake, J. J., Quinlan, J. F. and Ford, D. C. 1973: Geomorphology and geochemistry of a gypsum karst near Canal Flats, British Columbia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 10, 113-29.
162. Williams, P. W. 1983: The role of the subcutaneous zone in karst hydrology. J. Hydrol. 61, 45-67.
163. Williams, P. W. and Dowling, R. K. 1979: Solution of marble in the karst of the Pikikiruna Range, northwest Nelson, New Zealand. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 4, 15-36.
164. Worthington, S. R. H. 1991: Karst Hydrogeology of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Unpublished PhD thesis, McMaster University, 370 pp.
165. Young, R. W. 1986: Tower karst in sandstone: Bungle Bungle massif, northwestern Australia. Zeitschrift fiir Géomorphologie 30, 189-202.
166. Young, R. W. and Young, A. 1992: Sandstone Landforms. Berlin: Springer, 163 pp.
167. Atkinson, T. C. 1983: Growth mechanisms of speleothems in Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research 15, 523-36.
168. Bernasconi, R. 1976: The physico-chemical evolution of moonmilk. Cave Geology 1, 63-88.
169. Bernasconi, R. 1981: Mondmilch (moonmilk): two questions of terminology. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 113-16.
170. Bischoff, J. L. and Fyfe, W. S. 1968: Catalysis, inhibition and the calcite-aragonite problems, I: the aragonite-calcite transformation. American Journal of Science 266, 65-79.
171. Bogli, A. 1980: Karst Hydrology and Physical Speleology. Berlin: Springer, 284 pp.
172. Bridge, P. J. 1973: Guano minerals from Murra-el-Elevyn Cave, Western Australia. Mineralogical Magazine 39, 467-9.
173. Bridge, P. J. and Clarke, R. M. 1983: Mundrabillaite: a new cave minerai from Western Australia. Mineralogical Magazine 47, 80-1.
174. Bull, P. A. 1983: Chemical sedimentation in caves. In A. S. Goudie and K. Pye (ed.) Chemical Sediments and Geomorphology: Precipitates and Residua in the Near-Surface Environment. London: Academic Press, 439 pp.
175. ème Réunion Annuelle des Sciences de la Terre. Orsay, France, 82-5.
176. Caldwell, J. R., Davey, A. G., Jennings, J. N. and Spate, A. P. 1982: Colour in some Nuilarbor Plain speleothems. Helictite 20 (1), 3-10.
177. Craig, K. D., Horton, P. D. and Reams, M. W. 1984: Clastic and solutional boundaries as nucleation surfaces for aragonite in speleothems. NSS Bull. 46, 15-17.
178. Curl, R. L. 1962: The calcite-aragonite problem. NSS Bull. 24, 57-73.
179. Curl, R. L. 1972: Minimum diameter stalactites. NSS Bull. 34, 129-36.
180. Curl, R. L. 1973: Minimum diameter stalagmites. NSS Bull. 35, 1-9.
181. Davis, D. G. 1986: Discussion: the deflected stalactites of Dan-Yr-Ogof. NSS Bull. 48, 62-3.
182. Davis, D. G. 1989: Helictite bushes - a subaqueous speleothem? NSS Bull. 51, 120-4.
183. Davis, D. G., Palmer, A. N. and Palmer, M. J. 1990: Extraordinary subaqueous speleothems in Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico. NSS Bull. 52, 70-86.
184. Davis, D. G., Palmer, A. N. and Palmer, M. V. 1992: Extraordinary subaqueous speleothems in Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico: reply. NSS Bull. 54, 34-5.
185. Dreybrodt, W. 1980: Deposition of calcite from thin films of natural calcareous solutions and the growth of speleothems. Chemical Geology 29, 89-105.
186. Dreybrodt, W. 1982: A possible mechanism for growth of calcite speleothems without participation of biogenic carbon dioxide. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 58, 293-9.
187. Dunkley, J. R. and Wigley, T. M. L. 1967: Caves of the Nuilarbor. University of Sydney: Speleological Research Council, 61 pp.
188. Fischer, H. 1988: Etymology, terminology and an attempt of definition of Mondmilch. NSS Bull. 50, 54-8.
189. Fischer, H. 1992: Type locality of Mondmilch. Cave Science 19, 59-60.
190. Folk, R. L. and Asserto, R. 1976: Comparative fabrics of length-slow and length-fast calcite and calcitized aragonite in a Holocene speleothem, Carlsbad Cavern, New Mexico. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 46, 486-96.
191. Ford, D. C. and Williams, P. W. 1989: Karst Geomorphology and Hydrology. London: Unwin Hyman, 601 pp.
192. Franke, H. W. 1975: Sub-minimum diameter stalagmites. NSS Bull. 37, 17-18.
193. Gams, I. 1981: Contribution to morphometries of stalagmites. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 276-8.
194. Gascoyne, M. 1977: Trace element geochemistry of speleothems. Proc. 7th Int. Congr. Speleo., Sheffield, 205-8.
195. Gillieson, D. S. and Spate, A. P. 1992: The Nuilarbor karst. In D. S. Gillieson (ed.) Geology, Climate, Hydrology and Karst Formation: Field Symposium in Australia: Guidebook. Special Publication No. 4, Department of Geography and Oceanography, University College, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, 65-99.
196. Goede, A., Atkinson, T. C. and Rowe, P. J. 1992: A giant Late Pleistocene halite speleothem from Webbs Cave, Nuilarbor Plain, southeastern Western Australia. Helictite 30, 3-7.
197. Gonzalez, L. A. and Lohmann, K. C. 1988: Controls on mineralogy and composition of spelean carbonates: Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico. In N. P. James and P. V. Choquette (ed.) Paleokarst. New York: Springer, 416 pp.
198. Harmon, R. S., Atkinson, T. C. and Atkinson, J. L. 1983: The mineralogy of the Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research 15, 503-16.
199. Hill, C. A. 1976: Cave Minerals. Huntsville, AL: Nat. Speleo. Soc.
200. Hill, C. A. 1981a: Origin of cave saltpeter. NSS Bull. 43, 110-26.
201. Hill, C. A. 1981b: Mineralogy of cave nitrates. NSS Bull. 43, 127-32.
202. Hill, C. A. 1982: Origin of black deposits in caves. NSS Bull. 44, 15-19.
203. Hill, C. A. and Forti, P. 1986: Cave Minerals of the World. Huntsville, AL: Nat. Speleo. Soc.
204. Hubbard, D. A., Herman, J. S. and Mitchell, R. S. 1984: A spathite occurrence in Virginia: observations and a hypothesis for genesis. NSS Bull. 46, 10-14.
205. James, J. M. 1977: Carbon dioxide in the cave atmosphere. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 4, 417-29.
206. James, J. M. 1991: The sulphate speleothems of Thampanna Cave, Nuilarbor Plain. Helictite 30, 19-23.
207. Jennings, J. N. 1985: Karst Geomorphology. Oxford: Blackwell.
208. Kendall, A. C. and Broughton, P. L. 1978: Origin of fabrics in speleothems composed of columnar calcite crystals. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 48, 519-38.
209. Latham, A. G. 1981: Muck spreading on speleothems. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 356-7.
210. Lauritzen, S. E., Ford, D. C. and Schwarcz, H. P. 1986: Humic substances in speleothem matrix: Paleoclimatic significance. Proc. 9th Int. Congr. Speleo., Barcelona, 77-9.
211. Laverty, M. and Crabtree, S. 1978: Rancieite and mirabilite: some preliminary results on cave mineralogy. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 5, 135-42.
212. Lewis, W. C. 1992: On the origin of cave saltpeter: a second opinion. NSS Bull. 54, 28-30.
213. Lowry, D. C. 1967: Halite speleothems from the Nuilarbor Plain, Western Australia. Helictite 6, 14-20.
214. Lowry, D. C. and Jennings, J. N. 1974: The Nuilarbor karst, Australia. Zeitschrift fitr Geomorphologie 18, 35-81.
215. Maltsev, V. A. 1990: The influence of seasonal changes of cave microclimate upon the genesis of gypsum formations in caves. NSS Bull. 52, 99-103.
216. Moore, G. W. 1956: Aragonite speleothems as indicators of palaeotemperature. American Journal of Science 254, 746-53.
217. Moore, G. W. 1962: The growth of stalactites. NSS Bull. 24, 95-106.
218. Moore, G. W. 1981: Manganese deposition in limestone caves. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 642-4.
219. Onac, B.-P. and Ghergari, L. 1993: Moonmilk mineralogy in some Romanian and Norwegian caves. Cave Science 20, 107-11.
220. Peck, S. B. 1986: Bacterial deposition of iron and manganese oxides in North American caves. NSS Bull, 48, 26-30.
221. Picknett, R. G., Bray, L. G. and Stenner, R. D. 1976: The chemistry of cave waters. In T. D. Ford and C. H. D. Cullingford (ed.) The Science of Speleology. London: Academic Press, 593 pp.
222. Roberge, J. and Caron, D. 1983: The occurrence of an unusual type of pisolite: the cubic cave pearls of Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research 15, 517-22.
223. Rogers, B. W. and Williams, K. M. 1982: Mineralogy of Lilburn Cave, Kings Canyon National Park, California. NSS Bull. 44, 23-31.
224. Roques, H. 1964: Contribution à l'étude statique et cinétique des systèmes gaz carbonique-eaucarbonate. Ann. Spéléo. 19, 255-484.
225. Sevenair, J. P. 1985: The deflected stalactites of Dan-Yr-Ogof. NSS Bull. 47, 28-31.
226. Shopov, Y. Y. 1988: Bulgarian cave minerals. NSS Bull. 50, 21-4.
227. Szczerban, E. and Urbani, F. 1974: Carsos de Venezuela, 4: Formas carsicos en areniscas precambricas del Territorio Federal Amazonas y Estado Bolivar. Bol. Soc. Venezolana Ispel. 5(1), 27-54.
228. Thrailkill, J. V. 1968b: Dolomite cave deposits from Carlsbad Caverns. journal of Sedimentary Petrology 38, 141-5.
229. Varnedoe, W. W. 1965: A hypothesis for the formation of rimstone dams and gours. NSS Bull. 27, 151-2.
230. Webb, J. A. and Finlayson, B. L. 1984: Allophane and opal speleothems from granite caves in south-east Queensland. Aust. J. Earth Sci. 31, 341-9.
231. Webb, J. A. and Finlayson, B. L. 1985: Allophane flowstone from Newton Cave, western Washington State. NSS Bull. 47, 45-8.
232. Webb, R. (1991): Stegamites - a form of cave shield? Proc. 18th Bienn. Conf. Aust. Speleo. Fedn, 95-8.
233. White, W. B. 1976: Cave minerals and speleothems. In T. D. Ford and C. H. D. Cullingford (ed.) The Science of Speleology. London: Academic Press, 593 pp.
234. White, W. B. 1981: Reflectance spectra and color in speleothems. NSS Bull. 43, 20-6.
235. White, W. B. 1982: Mineralogy of the Butler Cave-Sinking Stream system. NSS Bull. 44, 90-7.
236. White, W. B. 1988: Geomorphology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains. New York: Oxford University Press, 464 pp.
237. White, W. B., Scheetz, B. E., Atkinson, S. D., Ibberson, D. and Chess, C. A. 1985: Mineralogy of Rohrer's Cave, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. NSS Bull. 47, 17-27.
238. Zeller, E. J. and Wray, J. L. 1956: Factors influencing the precipitation of calcium carbonate. Bull. Am. Soc. Petrol. Geol. 40, 140-52.
239. Allen, J. R. L. 1985: Physical Processes of Sedimentation, 2nd edn. London: Allen & Unwin.
240. Bagnold, R. A. 1966: An Approach to the Sediment Transport Problem from General Physics. US Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 422-1.
241. Bögli, A. 1980: Karst Hydrology and Physical Speleology. Berlin: Springer.
242. Bull, P. 1978: A study of stream gravels from a cave: Agen AUwedd, South Wales. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 22 (3), 275-96.
243. Bull, P. A. 1981: Some fine-grained sedimentation phenomena in caves. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 6, 11-22.
244. Bull, P. A., Yuan, D. and Hu, M. 1989: Cave sediments from Chuan Shan tower karst, Guilin, China. Cave Science 16, 51-6.
245. Collier, C. R. and Flint, R. F. 1964: Fluvial sedimentation in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 475D, D141-D143.
246. Curl, R. L. 1974: Deducing flow velocity in cave conduits from scallops. Bull. Nat. Speleo. Soc. Am. 36 (2), 1-5.
247. Frank, R. M. and Jennings, J. N. 1978: Development of a subterranean meander cutoff: the Abercrombie Caves, New South Wales. Helitite 16, 71-85.
248. Gascoyne, M., Ford, D. C. and Schwarcz, H. P. 1983: Rates of cave and landform development in the Yorkshire Dales from speleothem age data. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 8, 557-68.
249. Gillieson, D. 1985: Geomorphic development of limestone caves in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 29, 51-70.
250. Gillieson, D. 1986: Cave sedimentation in the New Guinea highlands. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 11, 533-43.
251. Gillieson, D., Smith, D. I., Greenaway, M. and Ellaway, M. 1991: Flood history of the limestone ranges, Kimberleys, Western Australia. Applied Geography 11, 105-24.
252. Gospodaric, R. 1976: The Quaternary caves development between the Pivka basin and Polje of Planina. Acta Carsologica 7, 5-135.
253. Hjulström, F. 1935: Studies of the morphological activities of rivers as illustrated by the River Fyris. Bull. Geol. Inst. Univ. Uppsala 25, 221-527.
254. Ikeya, ML, Toshikatsu, M. and Gospodaric, R. 1983: ESR dating of Postojna Cave stalactite. Acta Carsologica 11, 117-30.
255. Kranjc, A. 1981: Sediments from Babja Jama near Most na Soci. Acta Carsologica 10 (9), 201-11.
256. Noel, M. and Bull P. A. 1982: The paiaeomagnetism of sediments from Clearwater Cave, Mulu, Sarawak. Cave Science 9 (2), 134-41.
257. Richards, K. 1982: Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels. London: Methuen.
258. Schrœder, J. and Ford, D. C. 1983: Clastic sediments in Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research 15 (4), 451-61.
259. Siffre, A. and Siffre, M. 1961: Le façonnement des alluvions karstique. Ann. Spéléo. 16, 73-80.
260. Smart, P., Waltham, T., Yang, M. and Zhang, Y. 1986: Karst geomorphology of western Guizhou, China. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 13 (3), 89-103.
261. Stanton, R. K., Murray, A. S. and Olley, J. M. 1992: Tracing recent sediment using environmental radionuclides and mineral magnetics in the karst of Jenolan Caves, Australia. In J. Bogen, D. E. Walling and T. J. Day (ed.) Erosion and Sediment Transport Monitoring Programmes in River Basins. Proceedings of a symposium held at Oslo, August 1992. IAHS Publ. no. 210. Wallingford, UK: IAHS Press.
262. Valen, V. and Lauritzen, S. E. 1990: The sedirnentology of Sirijorda Cave, Norland, northern Norway. Proc. 10th Int. Congr. Speleo., Budapest, 125-6.
263. Williams, P. W., Lyons, R. G., Wang, X., Fang, L. and Bao, H. 1986: Interpretation of the paiaeomagnetism of cave sediments from a karst tower at Guilin. Carsologica Sinica 6, 119-25.
264. Aitken, M. J. 1985: Tbermoluminescence Dating. London: Academic Press.
265. Aitken, M. J. 1990: Science-Based Dating in Archaeology. London: Longmans, 274 pp.
266. 14C de concrétions stalagmitiques Holocènes. Geog. Phys. et Quat. 40, 185-96.
267. Brook, D. 1974: Cave development in Kingsdale. In A. C. Waltham (ed.) Limestones and Caves of North-West England. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, pp. 310-34.
268. Bull, P. A., Yuan, D. and Hu, M. 1989: Cave sediments from Chuan Shan tower karst, Guilin, China. Cave Science 16, 51-6.
269. Burney, D. A., Brook, G. A. and Cowart, J. B. 1994: A Holocene pollen record for the Kalahari Desert of Botswana from a U-series dated speleothem. The Holocene 493, 225-32.
270. 12C isotope ratios in speleothems: a semi-dynamic model. Radiocarbon 32 (1), 7-16.
271. Duplessy, J. C, Labeyrie, C. L. and Nguyen, H. V. 1970: Continental climatic variations between 130000 and 90000 years BP. Nature 226, 631-2.
272. Gascoyne, M. 1984: Twenty years of uranium-series dating of cave cal-cites: a review of results, problems and new directions. Studies in Speleology 5, 15-30.
273. Gascoyne, M., Ford, D. C. and Schwarcz, H. P. 1983: Rates of cave and landform development in the Yorkshire Dales from speleothem age data. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 8, 557-68.
274. Gascoyne, M. and Nelson, D. E. 1983: Growth mechanisms of recent speleothems from Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada, inferred from a comparison of Uranium-series and Carbon-14 age data. Arctic and Alpine Research 15 (4), 537-42.
275. Gascoyne, M., Schwarcz, H. P. and Ford, D. C. 1978: Uranium series dating and stable isotope studies of speleothems, part I: Theory and techniques. Trans. Brit. Cave Res. Assoc. 5 (2), 91-112.
276. Gillieson, D. and Mountain, M. J. 1983: Environmental history of Nombe rockshelter, Papua New Guinea Highlands. Archaeology in Oceania 18, 53-62.
277. Gillieson, D. Smith, D. I., Greenaway, M. and Ellaway, M. 1991: Flood history of the limestone ranges, Kimberieys, Western Australia. Applied Geography 11, 105-24.
278. Goede, A. and Harmon, R. S. 1983: Radiometric dating of Tasmanian speleothems: evidence of cave evolution and climatic change. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 30, 89-100.
279. Heine, K. and Geyh, M. A. 1984: Radiocarbon dating of speleothems from the Rossing Cave, Namib Desert, and palaeoclimatic implications. In J. C. Vogel (ed.) Late Cainozoic Palaeoclitnates of the Southern Hemisphere. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema.
280. 14 in the study of cave processes. In I. U. Olson (ed.) Radiocarbon Variations and Absolute Chronology. New York: Wiley, 419-43.
281. Hennig, G. J. and Grun, R. 1983: ESR dating in Quaternary geology. Quaternary Science Review 2, 157-238.
282. Hennig, G. J., Grun, R. and Brunnacker, K. 1983: Speleothems, travertines and paleoclimates. Quaternary Research 20, 1-29.
283. 14C dating of a Late Pleistocene stalagmite in Lobatse II cave, Botswana. Quaternary Geochronology 13, 111-19.
284. Latham, A. G. and Schwarcz, H. D. 1990: Magnetization of speleothems: detrital or chemical? Proc. 10th Int. Congr. Speleo. Budapest. 82-4.
285. Latham, A. G., Schwarcz, H. P. and Ford, D. C. 1986: The paleomagnetism and U-Th dating of a Mexican stalagmite, DAS2. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 79, 195-207.
286. Latham, A. G., Schwarcz, H. P., Ford, D. C. and Pearce, W. G. 1979: Palaeomagnetism of stalagmite deposits. Nature 280, 383-5.
287. Li, W. X., Lundberg, J., Dickin, A. P., Ford, D. C., Schwarcz, H. P., McNutt, R. and Williams, D. 1989: High-precision mass-spectrometric uranium-series dating of cave deposits and implications for palaeoclimate studies. Nature 339, 534-6.
288. Lyons, R. G., Bowmaker, G. A. and O'Connor, C. J. 1988: Dependence of accumulated dose in ESR dating on microwave power: a contra-indication to the routine use of low power levels. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 14 (1-2), 243-51.
289. Noel, M. 1986: The palaeomagnetism anil magnetic fabric of sediments from Peak Cavern, Derbyshire. Geophysical Journal of. the Astrological Society 84, 445-54.
290. Noel, M. and Bull, P. A. 1982: The palaeomagnetism of sediments from Clearwater Cave, Mulu, Sarawak. Cave Science 9 (2), 134-41.
291. Pease, P. P., Gomez, B. and Schmidt, V. A. 1994: Magnetostratigraphy of cave sediments, Wyandotte Ridge, Crawford County, Indiana: towards a regional correlation. Geomorphology 11, 75-81.
292. Quinif, Y. 1982: Thermoluminescence: a method for sedimentological studies in caves. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 1, 308-13.
293. Schmidt, V. A. 1982: Magnetostratigraphy of clastic sediments from caves within the Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Science 217, 827.
294. Smith, B. W., Smart, P. L. and Symons, C. R. 1985: ESR signals in a variety of speleothem calcites and their suitability for dating. Nuclear Tracks 10, 837-44.
295. Williams, P. W. 1987: Geomorphic inheritance and the development of tower karst. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 12, 453-65.
296. Williams, P. W., Lyons, R. G., Wang, X., Fang, L. and Bao, H. 1986: Interpretation of the palaeomagnetism of cave sediments from a karst tower at Guilin. Carsologica Sinica 6, 119-25.
297. Bakalowicz, M. J., Ford, D. C, Miller, T. E., Palmer, A. N. and Palmer, M. V. 1987: Thermal genesis of solution caves in the Black Hills, South Dakota. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 99, 729-38.
298. Bowen, D. Q. 1978: Quaternary Geology: a Stratigraphic Framework for MultidiscipUnary Work. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 221 pp.
299. Caldwell, J. R., Davey, A. G., Jennings, J. N. and Spate, A. P. 1982: Colour in some Nullarbor Plain speleothems. Helictite 20 (1), 3-10.
300. Dansgaard, W. F. 1964: Stable isotopes in precipitation. Tellus 16, 436-49.
301. 12C isotope ratios in speleothems: a semi-dynamic model. Radiocarbon 32 (1), 7-16.
302. Gascoyne, M. 1992: Palaeoclimate determination from cave calcite deposits. Quat. Science Reviews 11, 609-32.
303. Gascoyne, M., Schwarcz, H. P. and Ford, D. C. 1981: Late Pleistocene chronology and paleoclimate of Vancouver Island determined from cave deposits. Can. J. Earth Set. 18, 1643-S2.
304. Goede, A., Green, D. C. and Harmon, R. S. 1982: Isotopic composition of precipitation, cave drips and actively forming speleothems at three Tas-manian cave sites. Helictite 20 (1), 17-27.
305. Goede, A., Green, D. C. and Harmon, R. S. 1986: Late Pleistocene paleotemperature record from a Tasmanian speleothem. Aust. J. Earth Set. 33, 333-42.
306. Goede, A. and Hitchman, M. A. 1984: Late Quaternary climatic change: evidence from a Tasmanian speleothem. In J. C. Vogel (ed.) Late Cainozoic Palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere. Rotterdam: A. A. Baikema.
307. Goede, A., Veeh, H. H. and Ayliffe, L. K. 1990: Late Quaternary palaeotemperature records for two Tasmanian speleothems. Aust. J. Earth Set. 37, 267-78.
308. Harmon, R. S., Schwarcz, H. P. and Ford, D. C. 1978a: Stable isotope geochemistry of speleothems and cave waters from the Flint Ridge-Mammoth Cave system, Kentucky: implications for terrestrial climate change during the period 230000 to 100000 years BP. J. Geol. 86, 373.
309. Harmon, R. S., Thompson, P., Schwarcz, H. P. and Ford, D. C. 1978b: Late Pleistocene paleoclimates of North America as inferred from stable isotope studies of speleothems. Quaternary Research 9, 54-70.
310. Harmon, R. S., Schwarcz, H. P. and O'Neii, J. R. 1979: D/H ratios in speleothem fluid inclusions: a guide to variations in the isotopic composition of meteoric precipitation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 42, 254-66.
311. Ingraham, N. L., Chapman, J. B. and Hess, J. W. 1990: Stable isotopes in cave pool systems, Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico. Chemical Geology (Isotope Geosciences) 86, 65-74.
312. Jouzel, J., Lorius, C, Petit, J. R., Genthon, C, Barkov, N. L, Kotlyakov, V. M. and Petrov, V. M. 1987: Vostok ice core: a continuous isotope temperature record over the last climatic cycle (160000 years). Nature 329, 403-7.
313. Lauritzen, S. E., Ford, D. C. and Schwartz, H. P. 1986: Humic substances in speleothem matrix: paleoclimatic significance. Proc. 9th Int. Congr. Speleo., Barcelona, 77-9.
314. 14C content. Radiocarbon 31 (3), 785-94.
315. Schwarcz, H. P. and Harmon, R. S. 1976: Stable isotope studies of fluid inclusions in speleothems and their paleoclimatic significance. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 40, 657-65.
316. 6 year scale. J. Quaternary Research 3 (1), 39-55.
317. Shopov, Y. Y. 1987: Laser luminescent microzone analysis: a new method for investigation of the alterations of climate and solar activity during the Quaternary. In T. Kiknadze (ed.) Problems ofKarst Study in Mountainous Countries. Tbilisi, Georgia: Metsniereba, 228-32.
318. Shopov, Y. Y., Ford, D. C. and Schwarcz, H. P. 1994: Luminescent microbanding in speleothems: high resolution chronology and paleoclimate. Geology 22, 407-10.
319. Spate, A. P. and Ward, J. J. 1980: Preliminary note on the black speleothems at Jersey Cave, Yarrangobilly, NSW. Proceedings 12th Biennial Conference, Australian Speleological Federation, 15-16.
320. White, W. B. 1981: Reflectance spectra and colour in speleothems. NSS Bull. 40, 20-6.
321. White, W. B. and Brennan, E. S. 1990: Luminescence of speleothems due to fulvic acid and other activators. Proc. 10th Int. Congr. Speleo., Budapest, 212-14.
322. Winograd, I. J., Szabo, B. J., Coplen, T. B. and Riggs, A. C. 1988: A 250000 year climatic record from Great Basin vein calcite: implications for Milankovitch theory. Science 242, 1275-80.
323. Yonge, C. J. 1981: Fluid inclusions in speleothems as paleoclimate indicators. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 301-4.
324. Allan, J. D. 1994: Stream Ecology: Structure and Function of Running Waters. London: Chapman & Hall, 400 pp.
325. Barr, T. C. 1968: Cave ecology and the evolution of trbglobites. Evolutionary Biology 2, 35-102.
326. Barr, T. C. 1973: Refugees of the Ice Age. Natural History 72, 26-35.
327. Barr, T. C. Jr. and Holsinger, J. R. 1985: Speciation in cave faunas. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 16, 313-37.
328. Biswas, J. 1992: Kotumsar cave ecosystem: an interaction between geophysical, chemical and biological characteristics. NSS Bull. 54, 7-10.
329. Clark, D. R. 1981: Bats and environmental contaminants: a review. US Fish & Wildlife Service Spec. Set. Rept. no. 235.
330. Clark, D. R. 1986: Toxicity of methyl parathion to bats: mortality and coordination loss. Envir. Toxicol. Chem. 5, 191-5.
331. Culver, D. C. 1982: Cave Life: Evolution and Ecology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
332. Culver, D. C. 1986: Cave faunas. In M. E. Soule (ed.) Conservation Biology: the Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, 427-43.
333. Culver, D. C. and Holsinger, J. R. 1992: How many species of troglobites are there? NSS Bull. 54, 79-80.
334. Culver, D. C, Holsinger, J. R. and Barody, R. A. 1973: Towards a predicitive cave biogeography: the Greenbrier Valley as a case study. Evolution 27, 689-95.
335. Dyson, H. J. and James, J. M. 1981: The incidence of iron bacteria in an Australian cave. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky 1, 79-81.
336. Field, M. S. 1988: Vulnerability of Karst Aquifers to Chemical Contamination. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Report EPA/600/ D-89/008, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
337. Ginet, R. and Juberthie, C. 1988: Le peuplement animal des karsts de France. Karstologia 11, 61-71.
338. Hamilton-Smith, E. 1970: Biological aspects of cave conservation. J. Sydney Speleo. Soc. 14 (7), 157-64.
339. Harris, J. A. 1970: Bat-guano cave environment. Science 169, 1342-3.
340. Hill, S. B. 1981: Ecology of bat guano in Tamana Cave, Trinidad, WI. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky 1, 243-6.
341. Holsinger, J. R. 1966: A preliminary study on the effects of organic pollution on Banners Corner Cave, Virginia. Int. J. Speleo. 2, 75-89.
342. Holsinger, J. R. 1981: Stygobromus canadensis, a troglobitic amphipod crustacean from Castleguard Cave, with remarks on the concept of cave glacial refugia. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky 1, 93-5.
343. Holsinger, J. R. 1988: Troglobites: the evolution of cave-dwelling organisms. American Scientist 76, 146-53.
344. Holsinger, J. R., and Culver, D. C. 1988: The invertebrate cave fauna of Virginia and a part of eastern Tennessee: zoogeography and ecology. Brimleyana 14, 1-164.
345. Howarth, F. G. 1983: Ecology of cave arthropods. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 28, 365-89.
346. Howarth, F. G. 1987: The evolution of non-relictual tropical troglobites. Int. J. Speleo. 16, 1-16.
347. Howarth, F. G. 1988: Environmental ecology of North Queensland caves: or why are there so many troglobites in Australia? Proc. 17th Bienn. Conf. Aust. Speleo. Fed., 76-84.
348. Howarth, F. G. 1991: Hawaiian cave faunas: macroevolution on young islands. In E. C. Dudley (ed.) The Unity of Evolutionary Biology. Vol. I. Portland, OR: Dioscorides Publishers, 285-95.
349. Howarth, F. G. 1993: High-stress subterranean habitats and evolutionary change in cave-inhabiting arthropods. American Naturalist 142, S65-S77.
350. Howarth, F. G. and Stone, F. D. 1990: Elevated carbon dioxide levels in Bayliss Cave, Australia: implications for the evolution of obligate cave species. Pacific Science 44, 207-18.
351. Humphreys, W. F. 1993: The significance of the subterranean fauna in biogeographical reconstruction: examples from Cape Range peninsula, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 45, 165-92.
352. Humphreys, W. F. and Adams, M. 1991: The subterranean aquatic fauna of the North West Cape peninsula, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 15, 383-411.
353. Illiffe, T. M., Jickells, T. D. and Brewer, M. S. 1984: Organic pollution of an inland marine cave from Bermuda. Marine Environment Research 12, 173-89.
354. IUCN 1986: Red List of Threatened Animals. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for the Conservation of Nature.
355. IUCN 1993: Protecting Nature Regions: Reviews of Protected Areas. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 402 pp.
356. Jefferson, G. T. 1976: Cave fauna. In T. D. Ford and C. H. C. Cullingford (ed.) The Science of Speleology. London: Academic Press.
357. Jones, R., Culver, D. C. and Kane, T. C. 1992: Are parallel morphologies of cave organisms the result of similar selection pressures? Evolution 46, 353-65.
358. Kiernan, K. 1988: The Management of Soluble Rock Landscapes: an Australian Perspective. Sydney: Speleological Research Council, 61 pp.
359. Kiernan, K. and Eberhard, S. 1990: Karst resources and cave biology. In S. J. Smith and M. R. Banks (ed.) Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Values. Hobart: Royal Society of Tasmania, 28-37.
360. Lewis, J. J. 1993b: The effects of cave restoration on some aquatic cave communities in the central Kentucky karst. Proc. 1991 Cave Management Symposium, Bowling Green, Kentucky, 346-50.
361. Marmonier, P., Vervier, P., Gibert, J. and Dole-Olivier, M.-J. 1993: Biodiversity in ground waters. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8, 392-5.
362. McCracken, G. F. 1989: Cave conservation: special problems of bats. NSS Bull. 51, 49-51.
363. Moore, B. P. 1964: Present day cave beetle fauna in Australia: a pointer to past climate change. Helictite 1 (3), 3-9.
364. Nevo, E. 1979: Adaptive convergence and divergence of subterranean mammals. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 10, 269-308.
365. Parsons, P. A. 1990: The metabolic cost of multiple environmental stresses: implications for climatic change and conservation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5, 315-17.
366. Peck, S. B. 1981: The geological, geographical and environmental setting of cave faunal evolution. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky 2, 501-2.
367. Poulson, T. L. 1977: Ecological diversity and stability: principles and management. Proc. National Cave Management Symposium. Albuquerque, NM: Speleobooks.
368. Poulson, T. L. and White, W. B. 1969: The cave environment. Science 165, 971-81.
369. Pride, T. E., Ogden, A. E. and Harvey, M. J. 1989: Biology and water quality of caves receiving urban runoff in Cookville, Tennessee, USA. Proc. 9th. Int. Congr. Speleo., Budapest, 27-9.
370. Quinlan, J. F. and Ewers, R. O. 1985: Ground water flow in limestone terranes: strategy, rationale and procedure for reliable, efficient monitoring of ground water quality in karst areas. National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and Ground "Water Monitoring, Proceedings. Worthington, OH: National Water Well Association, 197-234.
371. Schiner, J. R. 1854: Fauna der Adelsberger-, Lueger- und Magdalen-Grotte. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien. 3, 1-40.
372. Tercafs, R. 1992: The protection of the subterranean environment: conservation principles and management tools. In A. I. Carmacho (ed.) The Natural History of Biospeleology. Madrid: Monografías Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales.
373. Tuttle, M. D. 1986: Endangered gray bat benefits from protection. Bats 4 (4), 1-4.
374. Ueno, S. 1987: The derivation of terrestrial cave animals. Zoological Science 4, 593-606.
375. Vandel, A. 1965: Biospeleology: the Biology of Cavemicolous Animals. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
376. Vandike, J. E. 1982: Hydrogeologic aspects of the November 1981 liquid fertilizer pipeline break on groundwater in the Maramec Spring recharge area, Phelps County, Missouri. Missouri Speleology 25, 93-101.
377. Waterhouse, J. D. 1984: Investigation of pollution of the karstic aquifer of the Mount Gambier area in South Australia. In A. Burger and L. Dubertret (ed.) Hydrogeology of Karstic Terrains: International Contributions to Hydrogeology 1 (1), 202-5. Hannover: Heise.
378. Weinstein, P. and Slaney, D. 1995: Invertebrate faunal survey of Rope Ladder Cave, northern Queensland: a comparative study of sampling methods. J. Aust. Ent. Soc. 34, 233-6.
379. Wheeler, B. J., Alexander, E. C, Adams, R. S. and Huppert, G. N. 1989: Agricultural land use and groundwater quality in the Coldwater Cave groundwater basin, upper Iowa River karst region, USA: part II. In D. Gillieson and D. Ingle Smith (ed.) Resource Management in Limestone Landscapes: International Perspectives Special Publication no. 2, Department Geography & Oceanography, University College, Australian Defence Force Academy, 249-60.
380. Whitten, A. J., Damanink, S. J., Anwar, J. and Hisyam, N. 1984: The Ecology of Sumatra. Bogor, Java: Gadjah Mada University Press.
381. Whitten, A. J., Mustafa, M. and Henderson, G. S. 1988: The Ecology of Sulawesi. Bogor, Java: Gadjah Mada University Press.
382. World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) 1992: Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's Living Resources, ed. B. Groombride. London: Chapman &c Hall, 585 pp.
383. Ahlstrand, G. M. and Fry, P. L. 1978: Alpha radiation project at Carlsbad Caverns: two years and still counting. In R. Zuber, J. Chester and S. Gilbert (ed.) Proceedings of the First Cave Management Symposium. Albuquerque: Adobe Press, 133-7.
384. Aley, T. 1976: Caves, cows and carrying capacity. National Cave Management Symposium Proceedings 1975. Albuquerque: Speleobooks, 70-1.
385. Aley, T. 1994: Some thoughts on environmental management as related to cave use. ACKMA Journal 17, 4-10.
386. Andrieux, C. 1983: Etude des circulations d'air dans la Grotte de Niaux: consequences. Karstologia 1, 19-24.
387. Bellwood, P. 1978: Man's conquest of the Pacific: the Prehistory of Southeast Asia and Oceania. New York: Oxford University Press.
388. Blackwell, B., Schwarcz, H. P. and Debenath, A. 1983: Absolute dating of hominids and paleolithic artefacts of the cave of La Chaise-de-Vouthon (Charente), France. J. Archaeo. Sci. 10, 493-513.
389. Bonwick, J. and Ellis, R. 1985: New caves for old: cleaning, restoration and redevelopment of show caves. Cave Management in Australasia VI, Waitomo, 134-53.
390. Brunet, J., Vidal, P. and Vouve, J. 1985: Conservation de l'art rupestre. UNESCO etudes et documents sur le patrimoine culturel 7.
391. Burch, W. R. 1984: Much ado about nothing: some reflections on the wider and wilder implications of social carrying capacity. Leisure Sciences 6, 487-96.
392. Burney, D. A., Brook, G. A. and Cowart, J. B. 1994: A Holocene pollen record for the Kalahari Desert of Botswana from a U-series dated speleothem. The Holocene 493, 225-32.
393. Campbell, J. A. 1977: The Upper Palaeolithic in Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
394. Carlson, K. R. 1993: The effects of cave visitation on terrestrial cave arthropods. Proceedings 1991 National Cave Management Symposium, Bowling Green, Kentucky, 338-45.
395. Cigna, A. 1989: La capacita ricettiva delle grotte turistiche quale parámetro per la salvaguardia delPambiente sotterraneo: il caso dell Grotte di Castellana. Atti. XV Congr. Naz. Speleologia. 10-13 Sept. 1986, Gruppo Puglia Grotte - Amm. Com. Castellana Grotte, 999-1011.
396. Cook, S. 1889: The ]enolan Caves: an Excursion in Australian Wonderland. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.
397. Crawford, R. L. and Senger, C. M. 1988: Human impacts on populations of a cave Dipluran (Campodeidae). Proc. Washington State Entomol. Soc. 49, 827-30.
398. Dasmann, R. F. 1964: Wildlife Biology. New York: Wiley.
399. Davey, A. G. 1977: Evaluation criteria for the cave and karst heritage of Australia. Helictite 15, 1-41.
400. Dragovitch, D. and Grose, J. 1990: Impact of tourists on carbon dioxide levels at Jenolan Caves, Australia: an examination of microclimatic constraints on tourist cave management. Geoforum 21 (1), 111-20.
401. De Freitas, C. R. and Littlejohn, R. N. 1987: Cave climate: assessment of heat and moisture exchange. Journal of Climatology 7, 553-69.
402. De Paepe, D. and Hill, C. A. 1981: Historical geography of United States saltpeter caves. NSS Bull. 43, 88-93.
403. Everson, A. R., Chilman, K. C, White, C. and Foster, D. 1987: Recreational use of seven wild caves in Missouri. In J. M. Wilson (ed.) NSS 1987 Cave Management Symposium. Huntsville, AL, 11-21.
404. Gamble, F. M. 1981: Disturbance of underground wilderness in karst caves. J. Environ. Stud. 18, 33-9.
405. Glasser, N. F. and Barber, G. 1995: Cave conservation plans: the role of English Nature. Cave and Karst Science 21, 33-6.
406. Gunn, J., Fletcher, S. and Prime, D. 1991: Research on radon in British limestone caves and mines, 19,70-1990. Cave Science 18, 63-6.
407. Hazlinsky, T. 1985: International Colloquium on Lamp Flora, 10-13 Oct. 1984. Budapest: Hungarian Speleological Society, 155 pp.
408. Hill, C. A. and Forti, P. 1986: Cave Minerals of the World. Huntsville, AL: Nat. Speleo. Soc.
409. Holland, E. 1992: Away with wires! ACKMA Journal 10, 22-4.
410. Hyland, R. and Gunn, J. 1992: Caving risks. New Scientist 135, 183.
411. Jablonsky, P. 1990: Lint is not limited to belly buttons alone. NSS News 48 (5), 117-19.
412. Jablonsky, P. 1992: Implications of lint in caves. NSS News SO (4), 99-100.
413. James, J. M., Gray, M. and Newhouse, D. 1990: A preliminary study of lead in cave spiders' webs. Helictite 28 (2), 37-40.
414. Kermode, L. 1974: Glowworm Cave, Waitomo, conservation study. NZ Speleological Bulletin 5, 329-44.
415. Kiernan, K. 1989: Karst management issues at the Jenolan tourist resort, NSW, Australia. In D. Gillieson and D. Ingle Smith (ed.) Resource Management in Limestone Landscapes: International Perspectives Special Publication no. 2, Department of Geography & Oceanography, University College, Australian Defence Force Academy, 111-31.
416. Kiernan, K., Jones, R. and Ranson, D. 1983: New evidence from Fraser Cave for glacial age man in south-west Tasmania. Nature 301, 28-32.
417. Lyons, R. G. 1992: Radon hazard in caves: a monitoring and management strategy. Helictite 30 (2), 33-40.
418. McCracken, G. F. 1989: Cave conservation: special problems of bats. NSS Bull. 51, 49-51.
419. McPherson, D. 1995: Tourism as a cultural process: a worked example. NZ J. Geog. Oct. 1995, 7-15.
420. Merenne-Schoumaker, B. 1975: Aspects de l'influence des touristes sur les microclimats de la grotte de Remouchamps. Ann. Speleo. 30 (2), 273-85.
421. Newbould, R. 1976: Steam cleaning of the Orient Cave, Jenolan. Cave Management in Australia, Proceedings of the First Australian Conference on Cave Tourism. enolan Caves NSW, 10-13 July 1973. Broadway: Australian Speleological Federation, 87-90.
422. Quinlan, J. 1990: Special problems of pround-water monitoring in karst terrains. In D. M. Nielsen and A. I. Johnson (ed.) Ground Water and Vadose Zone Monitoring. ASTM STP 1053, 275-304.
423. Rajczy, M. and Buczko, K. 1989: The development of the vegetation in lamplit areas of the cave Szelo-Hegyi-Barlang, Budapest, Hungary. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Speleo., Kentucky, 514-16.
424. Reaich, N. M. and Kerr, W. J. 1991: Background alpha radioactivity in Cuckoo Cleeves Cavern, Mendips. Cave Science 18, 83-4.
425. Ren, M., Liu, Z., Jin, J., Deng, X., Wang, F., Peng, B., Wang, X. and Wang, Z. 1981: Evolution of limestone caves in relation to the life of early man at Zhoukoudian, Beijing. Scientia Sinica 14 (6), 843-51.
426. SJagmolen, C. and Slagmolen, A. 1989: La maladie verte. Regards 6, 25-31.
427. Solecki, R. 1972: Shanidar: the Humanity of Neanderthal Man. London: Allen Lane, 222 pp.
428. Spate, A. and Moses, C. 1994: Impacts of high pressure cleaning: a case study at Jenolan. Cave Management in Australasia X. Carlton South, Victoria: ACKMA, 45-8.
429. Stankey, G. H., Cole, D. N., Lucas, R. C, Petersen, M. E. and Frissell, S. S. 1985: The limits of acceptable change (LAC) system for wildermess planning. USD A Forest Service Intertnountain Forest and Range Experimental Station General Technical Report INT-176.
430. Stankey, G., McCool, S. and Stokes, G. 1990: Managing for appropriate wilderness conditions: the carrying capacity issue. In J. Hendee, G. Stankey and R. Lucas (ed.) Wilderness Management, 2nd edn. Golden, CO: North American Press, 215-39.
431. Stitt, R. 1977: Human impact on caves. National Cave Management Symposium Proceedings 26-29 October 1976. Albuquerque: Speleobooks, 36-43.
432. Tercafs, R. 1988: Optimal management of karst sites with cave fauna protection. Environmental Conservation 15, 149-58.
433. Villar, E., Fernandez, P. L., Gutierrez, I., Quindos, L. S. and Soto, J. 1986: Influence of visitors on carbon dioxide concentrations in Altamira Cave. Cave Science 13 (1), 21-3.
434. White, W. B. 1988: Geomorphology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains. New York: Oxford University Press.
435. Williams, D. R. 1985: The future of cave tourism in Waitomo. In D. Williams and K. A. Wilde (eds) Cave Management in Australasia 6, 13-22.
436. Williams, P. W. (ed.) 1975: Report on the conservation of Waitomo Caves. NZ Speleological Bulletin S (3), 373-96.
437. Williams, P. W. 1982: Karst landforms in New Zealand. In J. Soons and M. J. Selby (ed.) Landforms of New Zealand. Auckland: Longman Paul, 105-25.
438. Williams, P. W. 1993: Environmental change and human impact on karst terrains: an introduction. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 1-20.
439. Worboys, G., Davey, A. and Stiff, C. 1982: Report on cave classification. Cave Management in Australia IV, 11-18.
440. Yarborough, K. 1976: Investigation of radiation produced by radon and thoron in natural caves administered by the National Park Service. Proc. Nat. Cave Manage. Symp. Arkansas, October 1976, 703-13.
441. Yuan, D. 1991: Karst of China. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 224 pp.
442. Aley, T. 1994: Some thoughts on environmental management as related to cave use. ACKMA Journal 17, 4-10.
443. Bureau of Land Management 1987: Cave Resources Management. Washington, DC: US Department of the Interior, 12 pp.
444. Campbell, B. L, Elliot, G. L. and Loughran, R. J. 1986: Measurement of soil erosion from fallout Caesium-137. Search 17, 148-9.
445. Chapman, P. 1993: Caves and Cave Life. London: Harper Collins, 219 pp.
446. Costin, A. B., Greenaway, M. A. and Wright, L. G. 1984: Harvesting Water from Land. Canberra: ANU Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, 92 pp.
447. Davey, A. G. 1977: Evaluation criteria for the cave and karst heritage of Australia. Helictite 15, 1-41.
448. Davies, S. J. and Gillieson, D. 1986: The Limestone Flora at Bendethera, Deua, Wadbilliga National Park. Unpublished report to NSW NPWS, Southeastern Region, 15 pp.
449. Forest Service 1986: Forest Service Manual: Directive 2356, Cave Management. Washington, DC: US Forest Service, 6 pp.
450. Forestry Commission, Tasmania 1987: Forest Practices Code. Hobart: Government Printer, 46 pp.
451. Gams, I., Nicod, J., Sauro, U., Julian, E. and Anthony, U. 1993: Environmental change and human impacts on the Mediterranean karsts of France, Italy and the Dinaric region. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 59-98.
452. Gill, D. 1993: Guidelines for caving and research expeditions to the Mulu National Park, Sarawak. International Caver 8, 41.
453. Gillieson, D. S. 1980: Pit structures from Selminum Tern Cave, Western Province, Papua New Guinea. Aust. Archaeol. 10, 26-32.
454. Gillieson, D. 1989: Limestone soils in the New Guinea Highlands: a review. In D. Gillieson and D. Ingle Smith Resource Management in Limestone Landscapes: International Perspectives. Special Publication 2, Department of Geography and Oceanography, University College, Australian Defence Force Academy, 191-200.
455. Gillieson, D. and Houshold, I. (1996) Rehabilitation of the Lüne River quarry, Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area, Australia. In Karst Hydrogeology and Human Activities: Impacts, Consequences and Implications. International Association for Hydrogeology.
456. Gillieson, D., Cochrane, A. and Murray, A. 1994: Surface hydrology and soil erosion in an arid karst: the Nullarbor Plain, Australia. Environmental Geology 23, 141-7.
457. Gillieson, D., Gorecki, P., Head, J. and Hope, G. 1986: Soil Erosion and Agricultural History in the Central Highlands of New Guinea. In V. Gardiner (ed.) International Geomorphology. London: John Wiley and Sons, 507-522.
458. Glasser, N. F. and Barber, G. 1995: Cave conservation plans: the role of English Nature. Cave and Karst Science 21, 33-6.
459. Goede, A. 1969: Underground stream capture at Ida Bay, Tasmania, and the relevance of cold climate conditions. Aust. Geogr. Stud. 7, 41-8.
460. Goldie, H. 1993: Human impact on karst in the British Isles. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 161-86.
461. Gunn, J. 1993: The geomorphological impacts of limestone quarrying. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 187-98.
462. Hardwick, P. and Gunn, J. 1993: The impact of agriculture on limestone caves. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 235-50.
463. Head, L. 1989: Prehistoric Aboriginal impacts on Australian vegetation: an assessment of the evidence. Aust. Geog. 20, 37-46.
464. Holland, E. 1994: The effects of fire on soluble rock landscapes. Helictite 32(1), 3-9.
465. Houshold, I. 1992: Geomorphology, Water Quality and Cave Sediments in the Eastern Passage of Exit Cave and its Tributaries. Report to World Heritage Planning Team, Department of Parks, Wildlife and Heritage, Tasmania, 18 pp.
466. Kiernan, K. 1988: The Management of Soluble Rock Landscapes: an Australian Perspective. Sydney: Speleological Research Council, 61 pp.
467. Kiernan, K. 1993: The Exit Cave quarry: tracing waterflows and resource policy evolution. Helictite 31, 27-42.
468. Kranjc, A. 1979: The influence of man on cave sedimentation. Actes Symp. Intern. Erosion Karstique, Aix-Marseille-Nimes, 117-23.
469. Lewis, J. 1993a: The rebirth of Hidden River. American Caves 6, 15.
470. Meiman, J. 1991: The effects of recharge basin land-use practices on water quality at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Proceedings 1991 Cave Management Symposium, Bowling Green, Kentucky, American Cave Conservation Association, 105-15.
471. Murray, A. S., Caitcheon, G., Olley, J. and Crockford, H. 1990: Methods for determining the sources of sediments reaching reservoirs: targeting soil conservation, Australian National Committee on Large Dams. ANCOLD Bull. 85, 61-70.
472. National Parks and Wildlife Service 1983: Harvesting and Rehabilitation of Jounama Pine Plantation, Kosciusko National Park: Environmental Impact Statement. NPWS (NSW) and Forestry Commission (NSW), 198 pp.
473. Northcote, K. H. 1979: A Factual Key for the Recognition of Australian Soils, 4th edn. Adelaide: Rellim Technical Publications.
474. O'Neill, A. L., Head, L. M. and Marthick, J. K. 1993: Integrating remote sensing and spatial analysis techniques to compare Aboriginal and pastoral fire patterns in the East Kimberley, Australia. Applied Geography 13, 67-85.
475. Rosewell, C. J. and Edwards, K. 1988: SOILOSS: a program to assist in the selection of management practices to reduce erosion. Soil Conservation Service of NSW Technical Handbook no. 11. Sydney, 71 pp plus disk.
476. Spate, A. and Hamilton-Smith, E. 1993: Caver's impacts - some theoretical and applied considerations. Proc. 9th Australasian Cave Tourism and Management Conference, Margaret River, WA, 20-30.
477. Stanton, R. K., Murray, A. S. and Olley, J. M. 1992: Tracing recent sediment using environmental radionuclides and mineral magnetics in the karst of Jenolan Caves, Australia. In J. Bogen, D. E. Walling and T. J. Day (ed.) Erosion and Sediment Transport Monitoring Programmes in River Basins. Proceedings of a symposium held at Oslo, August 1992. IAHS Publ. no. 210. Wallingford, UK: IAHS Press.
478. Urich, P. 1991: Stress on tropical karst resources exploited for the cultivation of wet rice. In U. Sauro, A. Bondesan and M. Meneghel (ed.) Proceedings of the International Conference on Environmental Changes in Karst Areas. taly, 15-27 Sept. 1991. Quad. Dip. Geografia, Università di Padova, 39-48.
479. Urushibara-Yoshino, K. 1993: Human impact on karst soils: Japanese and other examples. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 219-34.
480. Walling, D. E. and Quine, T. A. 1990: Calibration of Caesium-137 measurements to provide quantitative erosion rate data. Land Degradation and Rehabilitation 2, 161-75.
481. Waltham, A. C. 1983: A review of karst conservation sites in Britain. Studies in Speleology 4, 85-92.
482. White, W. B. 1988: Geomorphology and Hyorology of Karst Terrains. New York: Oxford University Press, 464 pp.
483. Williams, J. E., Whelan, R. J. and Gill, A. M. 1994: Fire and environmental heterogeneity in southern temperate forest ecosystems: implications for management. Aust. J. Botany 42, 125-37.
484. Young, E. A. 1992: Aboriginal land in Australia: expectations, achievements and implications. Applied Geography 12, 146-61.
485. Yuan, D. 1993: Environmental change and human impact on karst in southern China. In P. Williams (ed.) Karst Terrains: Environmental Changes and Human Impact: Catena Supplement 25, 99-108.
486. Chapman, P. 1993: Caves and Cave Life. London: Harper Collins, 219 pp.
487. Courbon, P., Chabert, C, Bosted, P. and Lindsley, K. 1989: Atlas of the Great Caves of the World. St Louis: Cave Books, 368 pp.
488. Culver, D. C. 1982: Cave Life: Evolution and Ecology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 189 pp.
489. Dreybrodt, W. 1988: Processes in Karst Systems: Physics, Chemistry, and Geology. Berlin: Springer, 288 pp.
490. Ford, D. C. and Williams, P. W. 1989: Karst Geomorphotogy and Hydrology. London: Unwin Hyman, 601 pp.
491. Jennings, J. N. 1985: Karst Geomorphology. Oxford: Blackwell, 293 pp.
492. Shaw, T. R. 1992: History of Cave Science. Sydney: Speleological Research Council, 338 pp.
493. Trudgill, S. T. 1985: Limestone Geomorphology. London: Longmans, 196 pp.
494. White, W. B. 1988: Geomorphology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains. New York: Oxford University Press, 464 pp.
495. International Union of Speleology (Informatics Commission) http://rubens.its.tmimelb.edu.au/~pgm/uis/
496. International Subterranean Heritage Association (Belgium) http://www.microsearch.be/isha/
497. Sherry Mayo's Cave Pages (Australia) http://rschp2.anu.edu.au:8080/cave/cave.html
498. Western Australian Speleology Group (Australia) http:///techpkwa.curtin.edu.au/interests/Speleology/intro.html
499. The Speleonuts (Brazil) http://www.prodemge.gov.br/~marcosf/speleonuts.html
500. Section INRIA de Speleologie Caving Server (France) http://www.inria.fr/agos-sophia/sis/sis.html
501. Cornelia Klumper's Munich Speleo Server (Germany) http://bigbang.usm.uni-muenchen.de:8002/~conny/cave/server.html
502. Waitomo Caves and Museum (New Zealand) http://www3 .waikato.ac.nz/waitomo/
503. Lancaster University Speleological Society (UK) http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/rec-and-travel/luss/index.html
504. Andrew Brook's Cave Server (UK) http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/~arb/speleo.html
505. The Speleology Home Page (USA; also has Cavers' Digest email archive) http://speleology.cs.yale.edu/pub/caving/
506. Paul Aughey's Caving Page (USA) http://freenet3.scri.fsu.edu:81/users/caver/html/cavepage.html
507. Central Kentucky Karst Network (USA) http://www.wku.edu/~glennja/karst.html
508. NSS Cave Conservation and Management Section Page (USA) http://www.halcyon.com/samara/nssccms/welcome.html