The great deer massacre: Animals, honor, and communication in early modern England

Journal of British Studies

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 187-216

  Beaver, Dan ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84949133012     PISSN: 00219371     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/386189     Document Type: Article

References (155)

1. Henry Osborne to Lionel Cranfield, earl of Middlesex, 24 October 1642.
2. The Cranfield MSS, Richard Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 18 October 1642.
3. Menna Prestwich, Cranfield: Politics and Profits under the Early Stuarts (Oxford, 1966), pp. 568-70.
4. The Cranfield MSS, Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 9 June 1644.
5. Brian Manning, The English People and the English Revolution (Harmondsworth, 1976), pp. 207-12, 258-59.
6. The Cranfield MSS, Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 18 October 1642.
7. Roger Manning, Hunters and Poachers: A Social and Cultural History of Unlawful Hunting in England, 1485-1640 (Oxford, 1993), pp. 5-17.
8. George Gascoigne, The Noble Arte ofVenerie or Hunting (London, 1575), pp. 1-4.
9. Thomas Cockayne, A Short Treatise of Hunting (London, 1591)
10. Gascoigne, Noble Art of Venerie, pp. 39-96, 235.
11. Cockayne, Short Treatise, sig. A2r-v.
12. Gascoigne, Noble Arte of Venerie, sig. A3r-v.
13. Cockayne, Short Treatise, sig. A3r-v.
14. R. Manning, Hunters and Poachers, pp. 35-56.
15. Gascoigne, Noble Art of Venerie, p. 205.
16. Gervase Markham, Country Contentments (London, 1615), p. 3.
17. Gascoigne, Noble Art of Venerie, pp. 90-97, 132-35.
18. Cockayne, Short Treatise, fols. Civ, C2v.
19. Gascoigne, Noble Art of Venerie, sig. A3r;
20. Gascoigne, Noble Art of Venerie, pp. 97-100.
21. Gascoigne, Noble Art of Venerie, pp. 124-35;
22. R. Manning, Hunters and Poachers, pp. 39-40.
23. Anthony Fletcher, "Honour, Reputation and Local Officeholding in Elizabethan and Stuart England," in Order and Disorder in Early Modern England, ed. Anthony Fletcher and John Stevenson (Cambridge, 1985), pp. 92-94;
24. Felicity Heal and Clive Holmes, The Gentry in England and Wales, 1500-1700 (Stanford, Calif., 1994), pp. 276-318.
25. The Cranfield MSS, Sir Richard Tracy to Middlesex, 15 June 1637.
26. P. B. Munsche, Gentlemen and Poachers: The English Game Laws, 1671-1831 (Cambridge, 1981), pp. 1-27.
27. R. Manning, Hunters and Poachers, pp. 6.
28. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 8 July 1634, 22 July 1634.
29. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 15 December 1639;
30. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 9 July 1638.
31. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 19 August 1639.
32. Calendar of the Committee for Compounding, 1643-60 (1643-46), 2:1145-49;
33. J. W. Willis-Bund, ed., Victoria History of the Counties of England (VCH) (London, 1971), Worcester, 4:78;
34. J. W. Willis-Bund, ed., Worcestershire County Records: Calendar of Quarter Sessions Papers, 2 vols. (Worcester, 1900), 1:394-96, 610-11, 617, 653, 659, 2:xxiv-xxv, xxix, cxv, ccxxii.
35. M. C. Questier,"Sir Henry Spiller, Recusancy and the Efficiency of the Jacobean Exchequer," Historical Research 66 (1993): 254-55.
36. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 7 January 1637, 9 July 1638, 19 August 1639;
37. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 7 January 1637, 9 July 1638, 19 August 1639.
38. Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series (CSPD), Charles I (1639-40), 15:580-83;
39. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 19 August 1639.
40. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 25 August 1637, 30 August 1637, 19 August 1639.
41. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 25 August 1637, 30 August 1637;p. 238.
42. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 6 February 1637, 11 April 1637, 30 August 1637;
43. Peter Burke, Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe (London, 1978), pp. 198-201;
44. Robert Darnton, " Workers Revolt: The Great Cat Massacre of the Rue Saint-Severin," in his The Great Cat Massacre and Other Episodes in French Cultural History (New York, 1984), pp. 74-104;
45. Martin Ingram, "Ridings, Rough Music and the 'Reform of Popular Culture' in Early Modern England,"Past and Present, no. 105 (1984): 79-113;
46. E. P. Thompson, "Rough Music," in his Customs in Common (New York, 1991), pp. 467-538;
47. Peter Sahlins, Forest Rites: The War of the Demoiselles in Nineteenth-Century France (Cambridge, Mass., 1994), pp. 29-60.
48. John Brand, Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain, 3 vols. (London, 1877), 1:399-404;
49. Ronald Hutton, The Rise and Fall of Merry England: The Ritual Year, 1400-1700 (Oxford, 1994), p. 45
50. The Stations of the Sun: A History of the Ritual Year in Britain (Oxford, 1996), p. 386.
51. Christopher Ellington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:274-75.
52. Ellington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:275.
53. Prestwich, Cranfield, p. 411.
54. R. Manning, Hunters and Poachers, pp. 151-52.
55. CSPD, James I (1619-23), 10:179;
56. CSPD, Charles I (1628-29), 3:62.
57. Ellington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:101, 278-286.
58. Gloucestershire Record Office (GRO), Will 1645/34; PRO, STAC 8/34/14;
59. Elrington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:275.
60. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 30 August 1637;
61. James Cranfield to Middlesex, 30 August 1637;
62. Henry Brett to Middlesex, 30 August 1637.
63. The Cranfield MSS, James Cranfield 30 August 1637;
64. Henry Brett to Middlesex, 30 August 1637;
65. William Hill to Middlesex, 6 September 1637, 11 September 1637.
66. William Hill to Middlesex, 24 July 1638.
67. The Cranfield MSS, James Cranfield to Middlesex, 30 August 1637;
68. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 11 September 1637;
69. Elrington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:275.
70. Prestwich, Cranfield, pp. 541-42.
71. The Cranfield MSS, Sir Richard Tracy to Middlesex, 15 June 1637.
72. CSPD, Charles I (1639-40), 15:580-83;
73. Andrew Saunders to Henry Brett, 22 October 1637; William Hill to Middlesex, 27 April 1638, 2 September 1639.
74. The Cranfield MSS, Walter Long to Andrew Long, 4 June 1638; PRO, STAC 8/34/14.
75. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 1 April 1639;
76. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 1 April 1639;
77. Margaret Brett to Middlesex in William Hill to Middlesex, 2 April 1639.
78. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 1 April 1639.
79. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 2 April 1639, 7 May 1639, 7 June 1639;
80. Richard Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 10 August 1640.
81. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 7 May 1639.
82. William Underhill to Middlesex, 1 April 1639; 21 October 1639.
83. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 10 March 1638, 2 April 1639.
84. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 1 April 1639, 14 April 1640, 25 May 1640;
85. The Cranfield MSS, James Cranfield to Middlesex, 30 August 1637;
86. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 15 November 1639.
87. CSPD, Charles I (1639-40), 15:580-83.
88. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 16 July 1639.
89. The Cranfield MSS, Richard Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 2 March 1640, 10 August 1640.
90. Questier, "Sir Henry Spiller," pp. 261-62.
91. The Cranfield MSS, Richard Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 10 August 1640.
92. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 16 July 1639.
93. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 8 February 1640.
94. Prestwich, Cranfield, p. 345;
95. Buchanan Sharp, In Contempt of All Authority: Rural Artisans and Riot in the West of England, 1586-1660 (Berkeley, 1980), pp. 85-86.
96. George Hammersley, "The Revival of the Forest Laws under Charles I," History 45 (1960): 88-89;
97. Sharp, In Contempt of All Authority, pp. 208-9;
98. Kevin Sharpe, The Personal Rule of Charles I (New Haven, Conn., 1992), pp. 116-20, 242-45.
99. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 22 July 1634;
100. Hammersley, "Revival of the Forest Laws," pp. 86-102;
101. Sharp, In Contempt of All Authority, pp. 209-11;
102. Sharpe, Personal Rule of Charles I, pp. 116-20.
103. The Iter of Deane, 1634
104. GRO, D 2700, Berkeley MSS, Kl, 504.M14.31, no. 19;
105. Hammersley, "Revival of the Forest Laws," p. 94.
106. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 8 July 1634, 22 July 1634.
107. Sharp, In Contempt of All Authority, pp. 82-125.
108. GRO, D 2700, Berkeley MSS, Kl, 504.M14.31, no. 19.
109. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 8 July 1634, 22 July 1634.
110. also Hammersley, "Revival of the Forest Laws," pp. 95-98.
111. Hammersley, "Revival of the Forest Laws," pp. 87-88
112. Richard Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 10 August 1640.
113. CSPD, Charles I (1635-36), 9:326-29;
114. Questier, "Sir Henry Spiller," pp. 254-55, 261-62.
115. Willis-Bund, ed., Calendar of Quarter Sessions, 2:115
116. John Rushworth, ed., Historical Collections, 8 vols. (London, 1721), 4:54, 59-74.
117. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 8 February 1640.
118. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 27 January 1640.
119. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 27 January 1640.
120. The Cranfield MSS, Richard Dowdeswell to Middlesex, 10 August 1640.
121. The Cranfield MSS, Margaret Osborne to Middlesex, 25 April 1642.
122. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 17 June 1633.
123. Ellington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:201
124. Edward Cotton to Middlesex, 10 January 1634.
125. William Underhill to Middlesex, 28 December 1635, 25 May 1640;
126. Humphrey Tracy, sheriff of Gloucestershire, to Middlesex, 8 July 1640;
127. Prestwich, Cranfield, pp. 541-42, 544-45.
128. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 26 March 1633, 25 February 1634;
129. Middlesex to his "loving friends and tenants, the inhabitants of Forthampton," 20 February 1634;
130. John Fitzherbert to Middlesex, May 1634.
131. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 26 March 1633;
132. William Terrett to Middlesex, 26 May 1638.
133. Thomas Vaughan to Middlesex, 3 January 1637;
134. John Golding to Middlesex, 8 February 1637.
135. The Cranfield MSS, Thomas Vaughan to Middlesex, 3 January 1637;
136. William Underhill to Middlesex, 26 January 1637.
137. William Underhill to Middlesex, 26 January 1637, 22 February 1637.
138. William Underhill to Middlesex, 28 December 1635, 26 January 1637, 2 February 1637.
139. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Anne, countess of Middlesex, 17 August 1637.
140. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 1 September 1637.
141. The Cranfield MSS, William Hill to Middlesex, 9 January 1637, 14 January 1637
142. Letters and Papers of Henry VIII (January-August 1540), 15:19 142
143. David Verey, Gloucestershire: The Vale and the Forest of Dean (1976; reprint, Harmondsworth, 1980), pp. 52, 188;
144. and in Elrington, ed., VCH, Gloucester, 8:199, 201, 202.
145. The Cranfield MSS, John Golding to Middlesex, 8 February 1637.
146. GDR 146, episcopal visitation, 1622;
147. GDR 157, episcopal visitation, 1625;
148. GDR 166, episcopal visitation, 1628.
149. The Gloucester City Library, Survey of Abbey Lands in Tewkesbury, 1632, p. 7;
150. CSPD, Charles I (1639), 14:159, 198-99, 266-67; (1639-40), 15:582.
151. Rushworth, ed., Historical Collections, 4:558.
152. The Cranfield MSS, Margaret Osborne to Middlesex, 25 April 1642.
153. Rushworth, ed., Historical Collections, 4:136-39;
154. The Cranfield MSS, William Underhill to Middlesex, 8 May 1643, 26 September 1643.
155. J. S. Morrill and J. D. Walter, "Order and Disorder in the English Revolution," in Fletcher and Stevenson, eds., Order and Disorder, pp. 137-65