메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 12, 2015, Pages 1798-1803

Climbing fibers encode a temporal-difference prediction error during cerebellar learning in mice

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; CEREBELLUM CORTEX; CLIMBING FIBER; CONDITIONED REFLEX; CONDITIONING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOPAMINERGIC NERVE CELL; EYELID MOVEMENT; EYELID REFLEX; INFERIOR OLIVE; MALE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PURKINJE CELL; REINFORCEMENT; STATE DEPENDENT LEARNING; ACTION POTENTIAL; ANIMAL; C57BL MOUSE; CEREBELLUM; CYTOLOGY; FORECASTING; LEARNING; PHYSIOLOGY; TIME FACTOR;

EID: 84949105502     PISSN: 10976256     EISSN: 15461726     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nn.4167     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (160)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0013864156 scopus 로고
    • The excitatory synaptic action of climbing fibres on the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum
    • Eccles, J.C., Llinas, R., & Sasaki, K. The excitatory synaptic action of climbing fibres on the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 182, 268-296 (1966).
    • (1966) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.182 , pp. 268-296
    • Eccles, J.C.1    Llinas, R.2    Sasaki, K.3
  • 2
    • 84879914860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond all-or-nothing climbing fibers: Graded representation of teaching signals in Purkinje cells
    • Najafi, F., & Medina, J.F. Beyond all-or-nothing climbing fibers: graded representation of teaching signals in Purkinje cells. Front. Neural Circuits 7, 115 (2013).
    • (2013) Front. Neural Circuits , vol.7 , pp. 115
    • Najafi, F.1    Medina, J.F.2
  • 3
    • 0344784425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcircuitry and function of the inferior olive
    • De Zeeuw, C.I., et al. Microcircuitry and function of the inferior olive. Trends Neurosci. 21, 391-400 (1998).
    • (1998) Trends Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 391-400
    • De Zeeuw, C.I.1
  • 4
    • 0030425023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On climbing fiber signals and their consequence(s)
    • Simpson, J.I., Wylie, D.R., & De Zeeuw, C.I. On climbing fiber signals and their consequence(s). Behav. Brain Sci. 19, 384-398 (1996).
    • (1996) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 384-398
    • Simpson, J.I.1    Wylie, D.R.2    De Zeeuw, C.I.3
  • 5
    • 0034520242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of cerebellar learning suggested by eyelid conditioning
    • Medina, J.F., Nores, W.L., Ohyama, T., & Mauk, M.D. Mechanisms of cerebellar learning suggested by eyelid conditioning. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 10, 717-724 (2000).
    • (2000) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.10 , pp. 717-724
    • Medina, J.F.1    Nores, W.L.2    Ohyama, T.3    Mauk, M.D.4
  • 6
    • 0344758980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural substrates of eyeblink conditioning: Acquisition and retention
    • Christian, K.M., & Thompson, R.F. Neural substrates of eyeblink conditioning: acquisition and retention. Learn. Mem. 10, 427-455 (2003).
    • (2003) Learn. Mem. , vol.10 , pp. 427-455
    • Christian, K.M.1    Thompson, R.F.2
  • 7
    • 84856136176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural circuitry and plasticity mechanisms underlying delay eyeblink conditioning
    • Freeman, J.H., & Steinmetz, A.B. Neural circuitry and plasticity mechanisms underlying delay eyeblink conditioning. Learn. Mem. 18, 666-677 (2011).
    • (2011) Learn. Mem. , vol.18 , pp. 666-677
    • Freeman, J.H.1    Steinmetz, A.B.2
  • 9
    • 0025728484 scopus 로고
    • Dorsal accessory inferior olive activity diminishes during acquisition of the rabbit classically conditioned eyelid response
    • Sears, L.L., & Steinmetz, J.E. Dorsal accessory inferior olive activity diminishes during acquisition of the rabbit classically conditioned eyelid response. Brain Res. 545, 114-122 (1991).
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.545 , pp. 114-122
    • Sears, L.L.1    Steinmetz, J.E.2
  • 10
    • 0037408551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of inhibition in the olivocerebellar system and the ontogeny of a motor memory
    • Nicholson, D.A., & Freeman, J.H. Jr. Addition of inhibition in the olivocerebellar system and the ontogeny of a motor memory. Nat. Neurosci. 6, 532-537 (2003).
    • (2003) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.6 , pp. 532-537
    • Nicholson, D.A.1    Freeman, J.H.2
  • 11
    • 58149087738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple and complex spike firing patterns in Purkinje cells during classical conditioning
    • Rasmussen, A., Jirenhed, D.A., & Hesslow, G. Simple and complex spike firing patterns in Purkinje cells during classical conditioning. Cerebellum 7, 563-566 (2008).
    • (2008) Cerebellum , vol.7 , pp. 563-566
    • Rasmussen, A.1    Jirenhed, D.A.2    Hesslow, G.3
  • 12
    • 0022748136 scopus 로고
    • Classical conditioning using stimulation of the inferior olive as the unconditioned stimulus
    • Mauk, M.D., Steinmetz, J.E., & Thompson, R.F. Classical conditioning using stimulation of the inferior olive as the unconditioned stimulus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 5349-5353 (1986).
    • (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.83 , pp. 5349-5353
    • Mauk, M.D.1    Steinmetz, J.E.2    Thompson, R.F.3
  • 13
    • 84872085146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Error detection and representation in the olivo-cerebellar system
    • Ito, M. Error detection and representation in the olivo-cerebellar system. Front. Neural Circuits 7, 1 (2013).
    • (2013) Front. Neural Circuits , vol.7 , pp. 1
    • Ito, M.1
  • 14
    • 0034078011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal coding of prediction errors
    • Schultz, W., & Dickinson, A. Neuronal coding of prediction errors. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 23, 473-500 (2000).
    • (2000) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 473-500
    • Schultz, W.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 15
    • 84901953960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decorrelation learning in the cerebellum: Computational analysis and experimental questions
    • Dean, P., & Porrill, J. Decorrelation learning in the cerebellum: computational analysis and experimental questions. Prog. Brain Res. 210, 157-192 (2014).
    • (2014) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.210 , pp. 157-192
    • Dean, P.1    Porrill, J.2
  • 16
    • 0002109138 scopus 로고
    • A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement
    • eds. Black, A.H., & Prokasy, W.F.) (Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York
    • Rescorla, R.A., & Wagner, A.R. A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. in Classical Conditioning II: Current Research and Theory (eds. Black, A.H., & Prokasy, W.F.) 64-99 (Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1972).
    • (1972) Classical Conditioning II: Current Research and Theory , pp. 64-99
    • Rescorla, R.A.1    Wagner, A.R.2
  • 17
    • 0002278965 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive switching circuits
    • Institute of Radio Engineers, New York
    • Widrow, B., & Hoff, M.E. Adaptive switching circuits. in IRE WESCON Convention Recored 96-104 (Institute of Radio Engineers, New York, 1960).
    • (1960) IRE WESCON Convention Recored , pp. 96-104
    • Widrow, B.1    Hoff, M.E.2
  • 18
    • 0030919519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model of Pavlovian eyelid conditioning based on the synaptic organization of the cerebellum
    • Mauk, M.D., & Donegan, N.H. A model of Pavlovian eyelid conditioning based on the synaptic organization of the cerebellum. Learn. Mem. 4, 130-158 (1997).
    • (1997) Learn. Mem. , vol.4 , pp. 130-158
    • Mauk, M.D.1    Donegan, N.H.2
  • 19
    • 0033661780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of cerebellar information processing
    • Medina, J.F., & Mauk, M.D. Computer simulation of cerebellar information processing. Nat. Neurosci. 3 (suppl. 1): 1205-1211 (2000).
    • (2000) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.3 , Issue.SUPPL1 , pp. 1205-1211
    • Medina, J.F.1    Mauk, M.D.2
  • 20
    • 0003066891 scopus 로고
    • Time-derivative models of Pavlovian reinforcement
    • eds. Gabriel, M., & Moore, J.W.) MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • Sutton, R.S., & Barto, A.G. Time-derivative models of Pavlovian reinforcement. in Learning and Computational Neuroscience: Foundations of Adaptive Networks (eds. Gabriel, M., & Moore, J.W.) 497-538 (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1990).
    • (1990) Learning and Computational Neuroscience: Foundations of Adaptive Networks , pp. 497-538
    • Sutton, R.S.1    Barto, A.G.2
  • 21
    • 33847202724 scopus 로고
    • Learning to predict by the methods of temporal differences
    • Sutton, R.S. Learning to predict by the methods of temporal differences. Mach. Learn. 3, 9-44 (1988).
    • (1988) Mach. Learn. , vol.3 , pp. 9-44
    • Sutton, R.S.1
  • 22
    • 0031867046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
    • Schultz, W. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80, 1-27 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.80 , pp. 1-27
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 23
    • 0030896968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neural substrate of prediction and reward
    • Schultz, W., Dayan, P., & Montague, P.R. A neural substrate of prediction and reward. Science 275, 1593-1599 (1997).
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , pp. 1593-1599
    • Schultz, W.1    Dayan, P.2    Montague, P.R.3
  • 24
    • 84908529606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar-dependent expression of motor learning during eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice
    • Heiney, S.A., Wohl, M.P., Chettih, S.N., Ruffolo, L.I., & Medina, J.F. Cerebellar-dependent expression of motor learning during eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice. J. Neurosci. 34, 14845-14853 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Neurosci. , vol.34 , pp. 14845-14853
    • Heiney, S.A.1    Wohl, M.P.2    Chettih, S.N.3    Ruffolo, L.I.4    Medina, J.F.5
  • 25
    • 84908439368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neural circuitry and molecular mechanisms underlying delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in mice
    • Yang, Y., Lei, C., Feng, H., & Sui, J.F. The neural circuitry and molecular mechanisms underlying delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in mice. Behav. Brain Res. 278, 307-314 (2015).
    • (2015) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.278 , pp. 307-314
    • Yang, Y.1    Lei, C.2    Feng, H.3    Sui, J.F.4
  • 26
    • 78149251200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar and extracerebellar involvement in mouse eyeblink conditioning: The ACDC model
    • Boele, H.J., Koekkoek, S.K., & De Zeeuw, C.I. Cerebellar and extracerebellar involvement in mouse eyeblink conditioning: the ACDC model. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 3, 19 (2010).
    • (2010) Front. Cell. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 19
    • Boele, H.J.1    Koekkoek, S.K.2    De Zeeuw, C.I.3
  • 27
    • 84893474439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precise control of movement kinematics by optogenetic inhibition of Purkinje cell activity
    • Heiney, S.A., Kim, J., Augustine, G.J., & Medina, J.F. Precise control of movement kinematics by optogenetic inhibition of Purkinje cell activity. J. Neurosci. 34, 2321-2330 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Neurosci. , vol.34 , pp. 2321-2330
    • Heiney, S.A.1    Kim, J.2    Augustine, G.J.3    Medina, J.F.4
  • 28
    • 77954410801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological localization of eyeblink-related microzones in rabbit cerebellar cortex
    • Mostofi, A., Holtzman, T., Grout, A.S., Yeo, C.H., & Edgley, S.A. Electrophysiological localization of eyeblink-related microzones in rabbit cerebellar cortex. J. Neurosci. 30, 8920-8934 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Neurosci. , vol.30 , pp. 8920-8934
    • Mostofi, A.1    Holtzman, T.2    Grout, A.S.3    Yeo, C.H.4    Edgley, S.A.5
  • 29
    • 0014108713 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory receptive fields of single units in cat cerebellar cortex
    • Thach, W.T. Jr. Somatosensory receptive fields of single units in cat cerebellar cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 30, 675-696 (1967).
    • (1967) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.30 , pp. 675-696
    • Thach, W.T.1
  • 30
    • 0029895927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the inferior olive during conditioned responses in the decerebrate ferret
    • Hesslow, G., & Ivarsson, M. Inhibition of the inferior olive during conditioned responses in the decerebrate ferret. Exp. Brain Res. 110, 36-46 (1996).
    • (1996) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.110 , pp. 36-46
    • Hesslow, G.1    Ivarsson, M.2
  • 31
    • 0023732776 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a GABA-mediated cerebellar inhibition of the inferior olive in the cat
    • Andersson, G., Garwicz, M., & Hesslow, G. Evidence for a GABA-mediated cerebellar inhibition of the inferior olive in the cat. Exp. Brain Res. 72, 450-456 (1988).
    • (1988) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.72 , pp. 450-456
    • Andersson, G.1    Garwicz, M.2    Hesslow, G.3
  • 32
    • 0026568646 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory trigeminal projections to the inferior olive, cerebellum and other precerebellar nuclei in rabbits
    • Van Ham, J.J., & Yeo, C.H. Somatosensory trigeminal projections to the inferior olive, cerebellum and other precerebellar nuclei in rabbits. Eur. J. Neurosci. 4, 302-317 (1992).
    • (1992) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 302-317
    • Van Ham, J.J.1    Yeo, C.H.2
  • 33
    • 0020698687 scopus 로고
    • The afferent connections of the inferior olivary complex in rats An anterograde study using autoradiographic and axonal degeneration techniques
    • Swenson, R.S., & Castro, A.J. The afferent connections of the inferior olivary complex in rats. An anterograde study using autoradiographic and axonal degeneration techniques. Neuroscience 8, 259-275 (1983).
    • (1983) Neuroscience , vol.8 , pp. 259-275
    • Swenson, R.S.1    Castro, A.J.2
  • 34
    • 28644450803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar inhibition of inferior olivary transmission in the decerebrate ferret
    • Svensson, P., Bengtsson, F., & Hesslow, G. Cerebellar inhibition of inferior olivary transmission in the decerebrate ferret. Exp. Brain Res. 168, 241-253 (2006).
    • (2006) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.168 , pp. 241-253
    • Svensson, P.1    Bengtsson, F.2    Hesslow, G.3
  • 35
    • 79960361570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar motor learning versus cerebellar motor timing: The climbing fibre story
    • Llinas, R.R. Cerebellar motor learning versus cerebellar motor timing: the climbing fibre story. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 589, 3423-3432 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.589 , pp. 3423-3432
    • Llinas, R.R.1
  • 36
    • 82255179885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive timing of motor output in the mouse: The role of movement oscillations in eyelid conditioning
    • Chettih, S.N., McDougle, S.D., Ruffolo, L.I., & Medina, J.F. Adaptive timing of motor output in the mouse: the role of movement oscillations in eyelid conditioning. Front. Integr. Neurosci. 5, 72 (2011).
    • (2011) Front. Integr. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 72
    • Chettih, S.N.1    McDougle, S.D.2    Ruffolo, L.I.3    Medina, J.F.4
  • 37
    • 0036592029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine: Generalization and bonuses
    • Kakade, S., & Dayan, P. Dopamine: generalization and bonuses. Neural Netw. 15, 549-559 (2002).
    • (2002) Neural Netw. , vol.15 , pp. 549-559
    • Kakade, S.1    Dayan, P.2
  • 38
    • 57049089399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of saliency and novelty responses from Reinforcement Learning principles
    • Laurent, P.A. The emergence of saliency and novelty responses from Reinforcement Learning principles. Neural Netw. 21, 1493-1499 (2008).
    • (2008) Neural Netw. , vol.21 , pp. 1493-1499
    • Laurent, P.A.1
  • 39
    • 0019089514 scopus 로고
    • A model for Pavlovian learning: Variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not of unconditioned stimuli
    • Pearce, J.M., & Hall, G. A model for Pavlovian learning: variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not of unconditioned stimuli. Psychol. Rev. 87, 532-552 (1980).
    • (1980) Psychol. Rev. , vol.87 , pp. 532-552
    • Pearce, J.M.1    Hall, G.2
  • 40
    • 0022514981 scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar Purkinje cell activity related to the classically conditioned nictitating membrane response
    • Berthier, N.E., & Moore, J.W. Cerebellar Purkinje cell activity related to the classically conditioned nictitating membrane response. Exp. Brain Res. 63, 341-350 (1986).
    • (1986) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.63 , pp. 341-350
    • Berthier, N.E.1    Moore, J.W.2
  • 41
    • 0034332203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes in eye-blink conditioning and neuronal activity in the inferior olive
    • Nicholson, D.A., & Freeman, J.H. Jr. Developmental changes in eye-blink conditioning and neuronal activity in the inferior olive. J. Neurosci. 20, 8218-8226 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 8218-8226
    • Nicholson, D.A.1    Freeman, J.H.2
  • 42
    • 34548707911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine and xylazine depress sensory-evoked parallel fiber and climbing fiber responses
    • Bengtsson, F., & Jorntell, H. Ketamine and xylazine depress sensory-evoked parallel fiber and climbing fiber responses. J. Neurophysiol. 98, 1697-1705 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.98 , pp. 1697-1705
    • Bengtsson, F.1    Jorntell, H.2
  • 43
    • 84864553906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread state-dependent shifts in cerebellar activity in locomoting mice
    • Ozden, I., Dombeck, D.A., Hoogland, T.M., Tank, D.W., & Wang, S.S.-H. Widespread state-dependent shifts in cerebellar activity in locomoting mice. PLoS ONE 7, e42650 (2012).
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7 , pp. e42650
    • Ozden, I.1    Dombeck, D.A.2    Hoogland, T.M.3    Tank, D.W.4    Wang, S.S.-H.5
  • 44
    • 0033862063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gating of climbing fibre input to cerebellar cortical zones
    • Apps, R. Gating of climbing fibre input to cerebellar cortical zones. Prog. Brain Res. 124, 201-211 (2000).
    • (2000) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.124 , pp. 201-211
    • Apps, R.1
  • 45
    • 0029765076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between cutaneous receptive fields and muscle afferent input to climbing fibres projecting to the cerebellar C3 zone in the cat
    • Jorntell, H., Garwicz, M., & Ekerot, C.F. Relation between cutaneous receptive fields and muscle afferent input to climbing fibres projecting to the cerebellar C3 zone in the cat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 8, 1769-1779 (1996).
    • (1996) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 1769-1779
    • Jorntell, H.1    Garwicz, M.2    Ekerot, C.F.3
  • 46
    • 1642393155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in excitability of ascending and descending inputs to cerebellar climbing fibers during locomotion
    • Pardoe, J., Edgley, S.A., Drew, T., & Apps, R. Changes in excitability of ascending and descending inputs to cerebellar climbing fibers during locomotion. J. Neurosci. 24, 2656-2666 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 2656-2666
    • Pardoe, J.1    Edgley, S.A.2    Drew, T.3    Apps, R.4
  • 47
    • 0020567573 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory properties of the inferior olive of the cat
    • Gellman, R., Houk, J.C., & Gibson, A.R. Somatosensory properties of the inferior olive of the cat. J. Comp. Neurol. 215, 228-243 (1983).
    • (1983) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.215 , pp. 228-243
    • Gellman, R.1    Houk, J.C.2    Gibson, A.R.3
  • 48
    • 0019950375 scopus 로고
    • Descending projections to the inferior olive from the mesencephalon and superior colliculus in the cat An autoradiographic study
    • Saint-Cyr, J.A., & Courville, J. Descending projections to the inferior olive from the mesencephalon and superior colliculus in the cat. An autoradiographic study. Exp. Brain Res. 45, 333-348 (1982).
    • (1982) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.45 , pp. 333-348
    • Saint-Cyr, J.A.1    Courville, J.2
  • 49
    • 78649966665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine in motivational control: Rewarding, aversive, and alerting
    • Bromberg-Martin, E.S., Matsumoto, M., & Hikosaka, O. Dopamine in motivational control: rewarding, aversive, and alerting. Neuron 68, 815-834 (2010).
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.68 , pp. 815-834
    • Bromberg-Martin, E.S.1    Matsumoto, M.2    Hikosaka, O.3
  • 50
    • 33646492363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The computational neurobiology of learning and reward
    • Daw, N.D., & Doya, K. The computational neurobiology of learning and reward. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 16, 199-204 (2006).
    • (2006) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.16 , pp. 199-204
    • Daw, N.D.1    Doya, K.2
  • 51
    • 0015528942 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous mechanoreceptors influencing impulse discharges in cerebellar cortex. 3. in Purkyne cells by climbing fiber input
    • Eccles, J.C., Sabah, N.H., Schmidt, R.F., & Taborikova, H. Cutaneous mechanoreceptors influencing impulse discharges in cerebellar cortex. 3. In Purkyne cells by climbing fiber input. Exp. Brain Res. 15, 484-497 (1972).
    • (1972) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.15 , pp. 484-497
    • Eccles, J.C.1    Sabah, N.H.2    Schmidt, R.F.3    Taborikova, H.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.