메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 11, 2015, Pages 4673-4687

Reconciling high-altitude precipitation in the upper Indus basin with glacier mass balances and runoff

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; LANDFORMS;

EID: 84948689744     PISSN: 10275606     EISSN: 16077938     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/hess-19-4673-2015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (255)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 84856698458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of transient groundwater storage on the discharge of Himalayan rivers
    • Andermann, C., Longuevergne, L., Bonnet, S., Crave, A., Davy, P., and Gloaguen, R., Impact of transient groundwater storage on the discharge of Himalayan rivers, Nat. Geosci., 5, 127-132, doi:10.1038/ngeo1356, 2012.
    • (2012) Nat. Geosci. , vol.5 , pp. 127-132
    • Andermann, C.1    Longuevergne, L.2    Bonnet, S.3    Crave, A.4    Davy, P.5    Gloaguen, R.6
  • 2
    • 0037377076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting hydrological regimes in the upper Indus Basin
    • Archer, D., Contrasting hydrological regimes in the upper Indus Basin, J. Hydrol., 274, 198-210, doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00414-6, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Hydrol. , vol.274 , pp. 198-210
    • Archer, D.1
  • 3
    • 2542577273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variations in precipitation in the Upper Indus Basin, global teleconnections and hydrological implications
    • Archer, D. R. and Fowler, H. J., Spatial and temporal variations in precipitation in the Upper Indus Basin, global teleconnections and hydrological implications, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 8, 47-61, doi:10.5194/hess-8-47-2004, 2004.
    • (2004) Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. , vol.8 , pp. 47-61
    • Archer, D.R.1    Fowler, H.J.2
  • 6
    • 14344258777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing orographic controls in the Himalayas during the monsoon using satellite imagery
    • Barros, A. P., Kim, G., Williams, E., and Nesbitt, S. W., Probing orographic controls in the Himalayas during the monsoon using satellite imagery, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 4, 29-51, doi:10.5194/nhess-4-29-2004, 2004.
    • (2004) Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 29-51
    • Barros, A.P.1    Kim, G.2    Williams, E.3    Nesbitt, S.W.4
  • 7
    • 84870428241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface energy balance and actual evapotranspiration of the transboundary Indus Basin estimated from satellite measurements and the et Look model
    • Bastiaanssen, W. G. M., Cheema, M. J. M., Immerzeel, W. W., Miltenburg, I. J., and Pelgrum, H., Surface energy balance and actual evapotranspiration of the transboundary Indus Basin estimated from satellite measurements and the ET Look model, Water Resour. Res., 48, W11512, doi:10.1029/2011WR010482, 2012.
    • (2012) Water Resour. Res. , vol.48 , pp. W11512
    • Bastiaanssen, W.G.M.1    Cheema, M.J.M.2    Immerzeel, W.W.3    Miltenburg, I.J.4    Pelgrum, H.5
  • 8
    • 0032812055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass-balance studies on Siachen Glacier in the Nubra valley, Karakoram Himalaya, India
    • Bhutiyani, M. R., Mass-balance studies on Siachen Glacier in the Nubra valley, Karakoram Himalaya, India, J. Glaciol., 45, 112-118, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Glaciol. , vol.45 , pp. 112-118
    • Bhutiyani, M.R.1
  • 9
    • 33745444596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topography, relief, and TRMM-derived rainfall variations along the Himalaya
    • Bookhagen, B. and Burbank, D. W., Topography, relief, and TRMM-derived rainfall variations along the Himalaya, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, 1-5, doi:10.1029/2006GL026037, 2006.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33 , pp. 1-5
    • Bookhagen, B.1    Burbank, D.W.2
  • 10
    • 77955529381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a complete Himalayan hydrological budget: Spatiotemporal distribution of snowmelt and rainfall and their impact on river discharge
    • Bookhagen, B. and Burbank, D. W., Toward a complete Himalayan hydrological budget: Spatiotemporal distribution of snowmelt and rainfall and their impact on river discharge, J. Geophys. Res., 115, 1-25, doi:10.1029/2009JF001426, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115 , pp. 1-25
    • Bookhagen, B.1    Burbank, D.W.2
  • 11
    • 84939813623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representing moisture fluxes and phase changes in glacier debris cover using a reservoir approach
    • Collier, E., Nicholson, L. I., Brock, B. W., Maussion, F., Essery, R., and Bush, A. B. G., Representing moisture fluxes and phase changes in glacier debris cover using a reservoir approach, The Cryosphere, 8, 1429-1444, doi:10.5194/tc-8-1429-2014, 2014.
    • (2014) The Cryosphere , Issue.8 , pp. 1429-1444
    • Collier, E.1    Nicholson, L.I.2    Brock, B.W.3    Maussion, F.4    Essery, R.5    Bush, A.B.G.6
  • 12
    • 79955446270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system
    • Dee, D. P., Uppala, S. M., Simmons, a. J., Berrisford, P., Poli, P., Kobayashi, S., Andrae, U., Balmaseda, M. a., Balsamo, G., Bauer, P., Bechtold, P., Beljaars, a. C. M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Delsol, C., Dragani, R., Fuentes, M., Geer, a. J., Haimberger, L., Healy, S. B., Hersbach, H., Hólm, E. V., Isaksen, L., Kållberg, P., Köhler, M., Matricardi, M., McNally, a. P., Monge-Sanz, B. M., Morcrette, J.-J., Park, B.-K., Peubey, C., de Rosnay, P., Tavolato, C., Thépaut, J.-N., and Vitart, F., The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 137, 553-597, doi:10.1002/qj. 828, 2011.
    • (2011) Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.137 , pp. 553-597
    • Dee, D.P.1
  • 13
    • 84860459965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slight mass gain of Karakoram glaciers in the early twenty-first century
    • Gardelle, J., Berthier, E., and Arnaud, Y., Slight mass gain of Karakoram glaciers in the early twenty-first century, Nat. Geosci., 5, 322-325, doi:10.1038/ngeo1450, 2012.
    • (2012) Nat. Geosci. , vol.5 , pp. 322-325
    • Gardelle, J.1    Berthier, E.2    Arnaud, Y.3
  • 14
    • 84881523685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Region-wide glacier mass balances over the Pamir-Karakoram-Himalaya during 1999-2011
    • Gardelle, J., Berthier, E., Arnaud, Y., and Kääb, A., Region-wide glacier mass balances over the Pamir-Karakoram-Himalaya during 1999-2011, The Cryosphere, 7, 1263-1286, doi:10.5194/tc-7-1263-2013, 2013.
    • (2013) The Cryosphere , vol.7 , pp. 1263-1286
    • Gardelle, J.1
  • 16
    • 40449100078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-Debris Melt Rates on Southern Inylchek Glacier, Central Tian Shan
    • Hagg, W., Mayer, C., Lambrecht, A., and Helm, A., Sub-Debris Melt Rates on Southern Inylchek Glacier, Central Tian Shan, Geogr. Ann. Ser. A Phys. Geogr., 90, 55-63, doi:10.1111/j.1468-0459.2008.00333.x, 2008.
    • (2008) Geogr. Ann. Ser. A Phys. Geogr. , vol.90 , pp. 55-63
    • Hagg, W.1    Mayer, C.2    Lambrecht, A.3    Helm, A.4
  • 17
    • 17544386715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High altitude Himalayan climate inferred from glacial ice flux
    • Harper, J. T., High altitude Himalayan climate inferred from glacial ice flux, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 3-6, doi:10.1029/2003GL017329, 2003.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , pp. 3-6
    • Harper, J.T.1
  • 18
    • 33749134629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Karakoram anomaly? Glacier expansion and the elevation effect," Karakoram Himalaya
    • Hewitt, K., The Karakoram anomaly? Glacier expansion and the elevation effect," Karakoram Himalaya, Mt. Res. Dev., 25, 332-340, doi:10.1659/0276-4741, 2005.
    • (2005) Mt. Res. Dev. , vol.25 , pp. 332-340
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 19
    • 37549046831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tributary glacier surges: An exceptional concentration at Panmah Glacier, Karakoram Himalaya
    • Hewitt, K., Tributary glacier surges: an exceptional concentration at Panmah Glacier, Karakoram Himalaya, J. Glaciol., 53, 181-188, doi:10.3189/172756507782202829, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Glaciol. , vol.53 , pp. 181-188
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 20
    • 80052959484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacier Change, Concentration, and Elevation Effects in the Karakoram Himalaya, Upper Indus Basin
    • Hewitt, K., Glacier Change, Concentration, and Elevation Effects in the Karakoram Himalaya, Upper Indus Basin, Mt. Res. Dev., 31, 188-200, doi:10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-11-00020. 1, 2011.
    • (2011) Mt. Res. Dev. , vol.31 , pp. 188-200
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 21
    • 84948650282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regional context
    • Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
    • Hewitt, K., The regional context, in Glaciers of the Karakoram Himalaya, 1-33, Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2013.
    • (2013) Glaciers of the Karakoram Himalaya , pp. 1-33
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 22
    • 24944513952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacier melt: A review of processes and their modeling
    • Hock, R., Glacier melt: a review of processes and their modelling, Prog. Phys. Geogr., 29, 362-391, doi:10.1191/0309133305pp453ra, 2005.
    • (2005) Prog. Phys. Geogr. , vol.29 , pp. 362-391
    • Hock, R.1
  • 23
    • 33947356755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA): Quasi-Global, Multiyear, Combined-Sensor Precipitation Estimates at Fine Scales
    • Huffman, G. J., Adler, R. F., Bolvin, D. T., Gu, G., Nelkin, E. J., Bowman, K. P., Hong, Y., Stocker, E. F., and Wolff, D. B., The TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA): Quasi-Global, Multiyear, Combined-Sensor Precipitation Estimates at Fine Scales, J. Hydrometeorol., 8, 38-55, doi:10.1175/JHM560.1, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Hydrometeorol. , vol.8 , pp. 38-55
    • Huffman, G.J.1    Adler, R.F.2    Bolvin, D.T.3    Gu, G.4    Nelkin, E.J.5    Bowman, K.P.6    Hong, Y.7    Stocker, E.F.8    Wolff, D.B.9
  • 24
    • 84870402593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asias water balance
    • Immerzeel, W. W. and Bierkens, M. F. P., Asias water balance, Nat. Geosci., 5, 841-842, doi:10.1038/ngeo1643, 2012.
    • (2012) Nat. Geosci. , vol.5 , pp. 841-842
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Bierkens, M.F.P.2
  • 25
    • 56949106185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale monitoring of snow cover and runoff simulation in Himalayan river basins using remote sensing
    • Immerzeel, W. W., Droogers, P., De Jong, S. M., and Bierkens, M. : Large-scale monitoring of snow cover and runoff simulation in Himalayan river basins using remote sensing, Remote Sens. Environ., 113, 40-49, doi:10.1016/j. rse.2008.08.010, 2009.
    • (2009) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.113 , pp. 40-49
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Droogers, P.2    De Jong, S.M.3    Bierkens, M.4
  • 26
    • 77953555999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change will affect the Asian water towers
    • Immerzeel, W. W., Van Beek, L. P. H., and Bierkens, M. F. P., Climate change will affect the Asian water towers, Science, 328, 1382-1385, doi:10.1126/science.1183188, 2010.
    • (2010) Science , vol.328 , pp. 1382-1385
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Van Beek, L.P.H.2    Bierkens, M.F.P.3
  • 27
    • 84858376555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glaciers as a proxy to quantify the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Hunza basin
    • Immerzeel, W. W., Pellicciotti, F., and Shrestha, A. B., Glaciers as a proxy to quantify the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Hunza basin, Mt. Res. Dev., 32, 30-38, doi:10.1659/MRDJOURNAL-D-11-00097. 1, 2012a.
    • (2012) Mt. Res. Dev. , vol.32 , pp. 30-38
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Pellicciotti, F.2    Shrestha, A.B.3
  • 28
    • 84856227169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrological response to climate change in a glacierized catchment in the Himalayas
    • Immerzeel, W. W., Beek, L. P. H., Konz, M., Shrestha, a. B., and Bierkens, M. F. P., Hydrological response to climate change in a glacierized catchment in the Himalayas, Clim. Change, 110, 721-736, doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0143-4, 2012b.
    • (2012) Clim. Change , vol.110 , pp. 721-773
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Beek, L.P.H.2    Konz, M.3    Shrestha, A.B.4    Bierkens, M.F.P.5
  • 29
    • 84883373664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rising river flows throughout the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized watersheds
    • Immerzeel, W. W., Pellicciotti, F., and Bierkens, M. F. P., Rising river flows throughout the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized watersheds, Nat. Geosci., 6, 742-745, doi:10.1038/NGEO1896, 2013.
    • (2013) Nat. Geosci. , vol.6 , pp. 742-745
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Pellicciotti, F.2    Bierkens, M.F.P.3
  • 31
    • 84895854032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of observed gradients of air temperature and precipitation for modeling runoff from a glacierised watershed in the Nepalese Himalayas
    • Immerzeel, W. W., Petersen, L., Ragettli, S., and Pellicciotti, F. : The importance of observed gradients of air temperature and precipitation for modeling runoff from a glacierised watershed in the Nepalese Himalayas, Water Resour. Res., 50, 2212-2226, doi:10.1002/2013WR014506, 2014b.
    • (2014) Water Resour. Res. , vol.50 , pp. 2212-2226
    • Immerzeel, W.W.1    Petersen, L.2    Ragettli, S.3    Pellicciotti, F.4
  • 32
    • 84865208959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting patterns of early twenty-first-century glacier mass change in the Himalayas
    • Kääb, A., Berthier, E., Nuth, C., Gardelle, J., Arnaud, Y., Kaab, A., Berthier, E., Nuth, C., Gardelle, J., and Arnaud, Y., Contrasting patterns of early twenty-first-century glacier mass change in the Himalayas, Nature, 488, 495-498, 2012b.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.488 , pp. 495-498
    • Kääb, A.1
  • 33
    • 0035052465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PCRaster Software and Course Materials for Teaching Numerical Modelling in the Environmental Sciences
    • Kääb, A., Berthier, E., Nuth, C., Gardelle, J., and Arnaud, Y., Contrasting patterns of early twenty-first-century glacier mass change in the Himalayas, Nature, 488, 495-498, doi:10.1038/nature11324, 2012a.
    • (2001) Trans. GIS , vol.5 , pp. 99-110
    • Karssenberg, D.1    Burrough, P.A.2    Sluiter, R.3    De Jong, K.4
  • 34
    • 79956369690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydro-meteorological trends in the upper Indus River basin in Pakistan
    • Khattak, M., Babel, M., and Sharif, M., Hydro-meteorological trends in the upper Indus River basin in Pakistan, Clim. Res., 46, 103-119, doi:10.3354/cr00957, 2011.
    • (2011) Clim. Res. , vol.46 , pp. 103-119
    • Khattak, M.1    Babel, M.2    Sharif, M.3
  • 35
    • 0034535097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A catchment-based approach to modeling land surface processes in a general circulation model structure
    • Koster, R. D., Suarez, M. J., Ducharne, A., Stieglitz, M., and Kumar, P., A catchment-based approach to modeling land surface processes in a general circulation model structure, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24809-24822, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 24809-24822
    • Koster, R.D.1    Suarez, M.J.2    Ducharne, A.3    Stieglitz, M.4    Kumar, P.5
  • 36
    • 42049104077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New global hydrography derived from spaceborne elevation data
    • Lehner, B., Verdin, K., and Jarvis, A., New global hydrography derived from spaceborne elevation data, Eos Trans. AGU, 89, 93-94, 2008.
    • (2008) Eos Trans. AGU , vol.89 , pp. 93-94
    • Lehner, B.1    Verdin, K.2    Jarvis, A.3
  • 37
    • 84903450578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consistent increase in High Asias runoff due to increasing glacier melt and precipitation
    • Lutz, A. F., Immerzeel, W. W., Shrestha, A. B., and Bierkens, M. F. P., Consistent increase in High Asias runoff due to increasing glacier melt and precipitation, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 1-6, doi:10.1038/NCLIMATE2237, 2014.
    • (2014) Nat. Clim. Chang. , vol.4 , pp. 1-6
    • Lutz, A.F.1    Immerzeel, W.W.2    Shrestha, A.B.3    Bierkens, M.F.P.4
  • 38
    • 33846098315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice ablation and meteorological conditions on the debris-covered area of Baltoro glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan
    • Mihalcea, C., Mayer, C., Diolaiuti, G., Lambrecht, A., Smiraglia, C., and Tartari, G., Ice ablation and meteorological conditions on the debris-covered area of Baltoro glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan, Ann. Glaciol., 1894, 292-300, 2006.
    • (2006) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.1894 , pp. 292-300
    • Mihalcea, C.1    Mayer, C.2    Diolaiuti, G.3    Lambrecht, A.4    Smiraglia, C.5    Tartari, G.6
  • 39
    • 84928647988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic uncertainty in Himalayan Water Towers
    • Mishra, V., Climatic uncertainty in Himalayan Water Towers, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 120, 2689-2705, doi:10.1002/2014JD022650, 2015.
    • (2015) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. , vol.120 , pp. 2689-2705
    • Mishra, V.1
  • 40
    • 84890917116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mid-latitude westerlies as a driver of glacier variability in monsoonal High Asia
    • Mölg, T., Maussion, F., and Scherer, D., Mid-latitude westerlies as a driver of glacier variability in monsoonal High Asia, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 68-73, doi:10.1038/nclimate2055, 2013.
    • (2013) Nat. Clim. Change , vol.4 , pp. 68-73
    • Mölg, T.1
  • 41
    • 84890882374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A quantitative assessment of the genetic sources of the hydrologic flow regimes in Upper Indus Basin and its significance in a changing climate
    • Mukhopadhyay, B. and Khan, A., A quantitative assessment of the genetic sources of the hydrologic flow regimes in Upper Indus Basin and its significance in a changing climate, J. Hydrol., 509, 549-572, doi:10.1016/j. jhydrol. 2013.11.059, 2014a.
    • (2014) J. Hydrol. , vol.509 , pp. 549-572
    • Mukhopadhyay, B.1    Khan, A.2
  • 42
    • 84898662999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rising river flows and glacial mass balance in central Karakoram
    • Mukhopadhyay, B. and Khan, A., Rising river flows and glacial mass balance in central Karakoram, J. Hydrol., 513, 191-203, 2014b.
    • (2014) J. Hydrol. , vol.513 , pp. 191-203
    • Mukhopadhyay, B.1    Khan, A.2
  • 43
    • 33845770373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculating ice melt beneath a debris layer using meteorological data
    • Nicholson, L. and Benn, D. I., Calculating ice melt beneath a debris layer using meteorological data, J. Glaciol., 52, 463-470, doi:10.3189/172756506781828584, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Glaciol. , vol.52 , pp. 463-470
    • Nicholson, L.1    Benn, D.I.2
  • 44
    • 9944234078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous Snow and Rain Data at 500 to 4400m Altitude near Annapurna, Nepal 1991-2001
    • Putkonen, J. K., Continuous Snow and Rain Data at 500 to 4400m Altitude near Annapurna, Nepal, 1991-2001, Arctic, Antarct. Alp. Res., 36, 244-248, doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036, 2004.
    • (2004) Arctic, Antarct. Alp. Res. , vol.36 , pp. 244-248
    • Putkonen, J.K.1
  • 45
    • 84858400021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calibration of a physically based, spatially distributed hydrological model in a glacierized basin: On the use of knowledge from glaciometeorological processes to constrain model parameters
    • Ragettli, S. and Pellicciotti, F., Calibration of a physically based, spatially distributed hydrological model in a glacierized basin: On the use of knowledge from glaciometeorological processes to constrain model parameters, Water Resour. Res., 48, 1-20, doi:10.1029/2011WR010559, 2012.
    • (2012) Water Resour. Res. , vol.48 , pp. 1-20
    • Ragettli, S.1    Pellicciotti, F.2
  • 46
    • 84930521228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reflection on the long-term water balance of the Upper Indus Basin
    • Reggiani, P. and Rientjes, T. H. M., A reflection on the long-term water balance of the Upper Indus Basin, Hydrol. Res., 46, 446-462, doi:10.2166/nh. 2014. 060, 2014.
    • (2014) Hydrol. Res. , vol.46 , pp. 446-462
    • Reggiani, P.1    Rientjes, T.H.M.2
  • 48
    • 79952180398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatially variable response of Himalayan glaciers to climate change affected by debris cover
    • Scherler, D., Bookhagen, B., and Strecker, M. R., Spatially variable response of Himalayan glaciers to climate change affected by debris cover, Nat. Geosci., 4, 156-159, doi:10.1038/ngeo1068, 2011.
    • (2011) Nat. Geosci. , vol.4 , pp. 156-159
    • Scherler, D.1    Bookhagen, B.2    Strecker, M.R.3
  • 49
    • 2142842190 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of altitudinal dependence of precipitation in Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalayas
    • Seko, K., Seasonal variation of altitudinal dependence of precipitation in Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalayas, Bull. Glacier Res., 5, 41-47, 1987.
    • (1987) Bull. Glacier Res. , vol.5 , pp. 41-47
    • Seko, K.1
  • 50
    • 84879071128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in timing and magnitude of flow in the Upper Indus Basin
    • Sharif, M., Archer, D. R., Fowler, H. J., and Forsythe, N., Trends in timing and magnitude of flow in the Upper Indus Basin, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1503-1516, doi:10.5194/hess-17-1503-2013, 2013.
    • (2013) Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. , vol.17 , pp. 1503-1516
    • Sharif, M.1    Archer, D.R.2    Fowler, H.J.3    Forsythe, N.4
  • 51
    • 4644312438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrological sensitivity of a large Himalayan basin to climate change
    • Singh, P., and Bengtsson, L., Hydrological sensitivity of a large Himalayan basin to climate change, Hydrol. Process., 18, 2363-2385, doi:10.1002/hyp.1468, 2004.
    • (2004) Hydrol. Process. , vol.18 , pp. 2363-2385
    • Singh, P.1    Bengtsson, L.2
  • 52
    • 0018688497 scopus 로고
    • The Batura glacier in the Karakoram mountains and its variations
    • The Batura Glacier Investigation Group
    • The Batura Glacier Investigation Group: The Batura glacier in the Karakoram mountains and its variations, Sci. Sin., 22, 958974, 1979.
    • (1979) Sci. Sin. , vol.22 , pp. 958-974
  • 53
    • 84856047507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fate of evaporated water from the Ganges basin
    • Tuinenburg, O. A., Hutjes, R.W. A., and Kabat, P.: The fate of evaporated water from the Ganges basin, J. Geophys. Res., 117, 117, doi:10.1029/2011JD016221, 2012.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.117 , pp. 1-17
    • Tuinenburg, O.A.1    Hutjes, R.W.A.2    Kabat, P.3
  • 54
    • 78751663942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverting the hydrological cycle?: When streamflow measurements help assess altitudinal precipitation gradients in mountain areas
    • Valéry, A., Andréassian, V., and Perrin, C., Inverting the hydrological cycle?: when streamflow measurements help assess altitudinal precipitation gradients in mountain areas, IAHS Publ., 333, 281-286, 2009.
    • (2009) IAHS Publ. , vol.333 , pp. 281-286
    • Valéry, A.1
  • 55
    • 78649754352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regionalization of precipitation and air temperature over high-altitude catchments -learning from outliers
    • Valéry, A., Andréassian, V., and Perrin, C., Regionalization of precipitation and air temperature over high-altitude catchments -learning from outliers, Hydrol. Sci. J., 55, 928-940, doi:10.1080/02626667.2010.504676, 2010.
    • (2010) Hydrol. Sci. J. , vol.55 , pp. 928-940
    • Valéry, A.1
  • 56
    • 84893448820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global modeling of withdrawal, allocation and consumptive use of surface water and groundwater resources
    • Wada, Y., Wisser, D., and Bierkens, M. F. P., Global modeling of withdrawal, allocation and consumptive use of surface water and groundwater resources, Earth Syst. Dynam., 5, 15-40, doi:10.5194/esd-5-15-2014, 2014.
    • (2014) Earth Syst. Dynam. , vol.5 , pp. 15-40
    • Wada, Y.1    Wisser, D.2    Bierkens, M.F.P.3
  • 57
    • 84881487132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and annual mass balances of Mera and Pokalde glaciers (Nepal Himalaya) since 2007
    • Wagnon, P., Vincent, C., Arnaud, Y., Berthier, E., Vuillermoz, E., Gruber, S., Ménégoz, M., Gilbert, a., Dumont, M., Shea, J. M., Stumm, D., and Pokhrel, B. K., Seasonal and annual mass balances of Mera and Pokalde glaciers (Nepal Himalaya) since 2007, The Cryosphere, 7, 1769-1786, doi:10.5194/tc-7-1769-2013, 2013.
    • (2013) The Cryosphere , vol.7 , pp. 1769-1786
    • Wagnon, P.1
  • 58
    • 0024843911 scopus 로고
    • Glaciochemical investigations as a tool to determine the spatial variation of snow accumulation in the Central Karakoram, Northern Pakistan
    • Wake, C. P., Glaciochemical investigations as a tool to determine the spatial variation of snow accumulation in the Central Karakoram, Northern Pakistan., Ann. Glaciol., 13, 279-284, 1989.
    • (1989) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.13 , pp. 279-284
    • Wake, C.P.1
  • 59
    • 84875078508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where Does the Irrigation Water Go? An Estimate of the Contribution of Irrigation to Precipitation Using MERRA
    • Wei, J., Dirmeyer, P. A., Wisser, D., Bosilovich, M. G., and Mocko, D. M., Where Does the Irrigation Water Go? An Estimate of the Contribution of Irrigation to Precipitation Using MERRA, J. Hydrometeorol., 14, 275-289, doi:10.1175/JHM-D-12-079.1, 2013.
    • (2013) J. Hydrometeorol. , vol.14 , pp. 275-289
    • Wei, J.1    Dirmeyer, P.A.2    Wisser, D.3    Bosilovich, M.G.4    Mocko, D.M.5
  • 60
    • 23844527879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Karakorum-Hindukush-western Himalaya: Assessing high-altitude water resources
    • Winiger, M., Gumpert, M., and Yamout, H., Karakorum-Hindukush-western Himalaya: assessing high-altitude water resources, Hydrol. Process., 19, 2329-2338, doi:10.1002/hyp.5887, 2005.
    • (2005) Hydrol. Process. , vol.19 , pp. 2329-2338
    • Winiger, M.1    Gumpert, M.2    Yamout, H.3
  • 62
    • 84862279151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a Long-term Daily Gridded Temperature Dataset and Its Application to Rain/Snow Discrimination of Daily Precipitation
    • Yasutomi, N., Hamada, A., and Yatagai, A., Development of a Long-term Daily Gridded Temperature Dataset and Its Application to Rain/Snow Discrimination of Daily Precipitation, Global Environ. Res., 3, 165-172, 2011.
    • (2011) Global Environ. Res. , vol.3 , pp. 165-172
    • Yasutomi, N.1    Hamada, A.2    Yatagai, A.3
  • 63
    • 85010730857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APHRODITE?: Constructing a long-term daily gridded precipitation dataset for Asia based on a dense network of rain gauges
    • Yatagai, A., Yasutomi, N., Hamada, A., Kitoh, A., Kamiguchi, K., and Arakawa, O., APHRODITE?: constructing a long-term daily gridded precipitation dataset for Asia based on a dense network of rain gauges, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 14, 1401-1415, 2012.
    • (2012) Geophys. Res. Abstr. , vol.14 , pp. 1401-1415
    • Yatagai, A.1    Yasutomi, N.2    Hamada, A.3    Kitoh, A.4    Kamiguchi, K.5    Arakawa, O.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.