Development of a Highly Efficient Hydrometallurgical Recycling Process for Automotive Li–Ion Batteries

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 168-178

  Wang, Honggang ^a   Friedrich, Bernd ^a  

^a RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Automotive Li ion batteries; Cobalt; Hydrometallurgy; Lithium; Nickel; Recycling

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION ENERGY; AUTOMOTIVE BATTERIES; CARBONATION; CATHODES; CEMENTING (SHAFTS); COBALT; COPPER; ELECTRONIC WASTE; GRAPHITE; HYDROMETALLURGY; IONS; LEACHING; LITHIUM; LITHIUM BATTERIES; NICKEL; POWDER METAL PRODUCTS; PRECIPITATION (CHEMICAL); RECYCLING; SALTS; SULFUR COMPOUNDS;

HYDROXIDE PRECIPITATION; ION BATTERIES; LITHIUM CARBONATES; OPTIMUM CONDITIONS; OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE; RECYCLING PROCESS; SULPHIDE PRECIPITATION; VALUABLE METALS;

LITHIUM COMPOUNDS;

EID: 84948585224     PISSN: 21993823     EISSN: 21993831     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40831-015-0016-6     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Nishi Y (2001) Lithium ion secondary batteries; past 10 years and the future. J Power Sour 100:101–106
2. Wakihara M (2001) Recent developments in lithium ion batteries. Mater Sci Eng 33:109–134
3. Official Journal of the European Union (2006) Directive 2006/66/EC. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:266:0001:0014:en:PDF. Accessed on 17.03.15
4. Espinosa D, Bernardes A, Tenório J (2004) An overview on the current processes for the recycling of batteries. J Power Sour 135:311–319
5. Müller T, Friedrich B (2006) Development of a recycling process for nickel-metal hydride batteries. J Power Sour 158:1498–1509
6. Georgi-Maschler T, Friedrich B, Weyhe R, Heegn H, Rutz M (2012) Development of a recycling process for Li-ion batteries. J Power Sour 207:173–182
7. Chéret D (2004) Recycling of rechargeable batteries Li-ion −NiMH. In: Proceeding of International Congress for Battery Recycling, Como, Italy
8. Henrion P (2008) Recycling Li-ion batteries at Xstrata nickel. In: Proceeding of International Congress for Battery Recycling, Düsseldorf
9. Tedjar F (2007) Methode for the mixed recycling of lithium-based anode batteries and cells. US Patent No. 20070196725
10. Lain M (2001) Recycling of lithium ion cells and batteries. J Power Sour 97:736–738
11. Report of LithoRec Project (2012) Braunschweig, Germany
12. A. Krebs (2005) ICBR—International Congress for Battery Recycling
13. Wang Y, Apelian D, Zou H (2013) Method and apparatus for recycling lithium-ion batteries. US Patent No. 20130302226
14. Ferreira D, Prados L, Majuste D, Mansur M (2009) Hydrometallurgical separation of Al Co, Cu and Li from spent Li-ion batteries. J Power Sour 187:238–246
15. Chen L, Tang X, Zhang Y, Li L, Zeng Z, Yi Zhang (2011) Process for the recovery of Co oxalate from spent Li-ion batteries. Hydrometallurgy 108:80–86
16. Contestabile M, Panero S, Scrosati B (2001) A laboratory-scale Li-ion battery recycling process. J Power Sour 92:65–69
17. Dorella G, Mansur M (2007) A study of the separation of Co from spent Li-ion battery residues. J Power Sour 170:210–215
18. Lee C, Rhee K (2003) Reductive leaching of cathodic active materials from Li ion battery wastes. Hydrometallurgy 68:5–10
19. Mantuano D, Dorella G, Elias R, Mansur M (2006) Analysis of a hydrometallurgical route to recover base metals from spent rechargeable batteries by liquid–liquid extraction with Cyanex 272. J Power Sour 159:1510–1518
20. Shin S, Kim N, Sohn J, Yang D, Kim Y (2005) Development of a metal recovery process from Li-ion battery wastes. Hydrometallurgy 79:172–181
21. Swain B, Jeong J, Lee J, Lee G, Sohn J (2007) Hydrometallurgical process for recovery of Co from waste cathodic active material generated during manufacturing of Li ion batteries. J Power Sour 167:536–544
22. Freitas M, Garcia E (2007) Electrochemical recycling of cobalt from cathodes of spent lithium-ion batteries. J Power Sour 171:953–959
23. Gupta C, Mukherjee T (1990) Hydrometallurgy in extraction processes. CRC Press, USA
24. Miller J, Beckstead L (1973) Surface deposit effects in the kinetics of copper cementation by iron. Metall Trans 4:1969–1973
25. El-Batouti M (2005) Removal of copper metal by cementation using a rotating iron cylinder. J Colloid Interface Sci 283:123–129
26. Ismael M (2003) Iron recovery from sulphate leach liquors in zinc hydrometallurgy. Miner Eng 16:31–39