How can childbirth care for the rural poor be improved? A contribution from spatial modelling in Rural Tanzania

PLoS ONE

Volumn 10, Issue 9, 2015, Pages

  Fogliati, Piera ^a   Straneo, Manuela ^b   Brogi, Cosimo ^c   Fantozzi, Pier Lorenzo ^c   Salim, Robert Mahimbo ^d   Msengi, Hamis Mwendo ^e   Azzimonti, Gaetano ^b   Putoto, Giovanni ^a  

^a CUAMM   (Italy)

^b Africa CUAMM   (Tanzania)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

^d Regional Medical Office   (Tanzania)

^e NONE   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATCHMENT; CHILDBIRTH; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MATERNITY WARD; MODEL; NEWBORN MORTALITY; POPULATION MODEL; STAFF; TANZANIA; THEORETICAL MODEL; WALKING; BIRTH; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICE; RURAL POPULATION; TRENDS;

HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES; PARTURITION; RURAL POPULATION; TANZANIA;

EID: 84947730339     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139460     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. World Health Organization. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2013. Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, The World Bankandthe United Nations Population Division. Geneva, WH0; 2014.
2. Ronsmans C, Graham WJ Maternal mortality: who, when, where, and why. Lancet. 2006; 368 (9542):1189-200. PMID: 17011946
3. Dickson K.E, Simen-Kapeu A, Kinney M.V., Huicho L., Vesel L, Lackritz E, et al Every Newborn: health-systems bottlenecks and strategies to accelerate scale-up in countries. Lancet 2014; 384 (9941):438-54. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60582-1 PMID: 24853600
4. Pembe AB, Carlstedt A, Urassa D.P., Lindmark G., Nyström L, Darj E. Effectiveness of maternal referral system in a rural setting: a case study from Rufiji district, Tanzania. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010; 10:326. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-10-326 PMID: 21129178
5. Gabrysch S, Cousens S, Cox J., Campbell OM. The influence of distance and level of care on delivery place in rural Zambia: a study of linked national data in a geographic information system. PLOS Med. 2011; 8(1): e1000394. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000394 PMID: 21283606
6. Lohela TJ, Campbell OM, Gabrysch S. Distance to care, facility delivery and early neonatal mortality in Malawi and Zambia. PLOS One. 2012; 7(12): e52110. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052110 PMID: 23300599
7. McKinnon B, Harper S, Kaufman J.S., Abdullah M. Distance to emergency obstetric services and early neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health. 2014; 19(7): 780-90. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12323 PMID: 24750556
8. ten Hoope-Bender P, de Bernis L, Campbell J, Downe S, Fauveau V, Fogstad H, et al. Improvement of maternal and newborn health through midwifery. Lancet. 2014; 384 (9949):1226-35. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60930-2 PMID: 24965818
9. Requejo J, Victora C, Bryce J. Data resource profile: countdown to 2015: maternal, newborn and child survival. Int J Epidemiol. 2014; 43 (2):586-96. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu034 PMID: 24639449
10. Human Resources Directorate, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Human Resources for Health Country Profile 2012/2013. Dares Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania; 2013.
11. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, United Republic of Tanzania. Primary Health Services Development Programme 2007-2017. Dares Salaam, Tanzania: Ministry of Health and Social Welfare; 2007.
12. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, United Republic of Tanzania. The National Road Map Strategic Plan To Accelerate Reduction of Maternal, Newborn and Child Deaths in Tanzania 2008-2015 (One Plan). Dares Salaam, Tanzania; 2008.
13. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, United Republic of Tanzania. The National Road Map Strategic Plan To Accelerate Reduction of Maternal, Newborn and Child Deaths in Tanzania 2008-2015. Sharpened One Plan. Dares Salaam, Tanzania; 2014.
14. World Health Organization. UNFPA, UNICEF, AMDD: Monitoring emergency obstetric care: a handbook. Geneva: WHO; 2009.
15. Penfold S, Shamba D, Hanson C., Jaribu J, Manzi F, Marchant T., et al. Staff experiences of providing maternity services in rural southern Tanzania-afocus on equipment, drug and supply issues. BMC Health Services Research. 2013; 13:61. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-61 PMID: 23410228
16. Mkoka DA, Goicolea I, Kiwara A, Mwangu M., Hurtig AK. Availability of drugs and medical supplies for emergency obstetric care: experience of health facility managers in a rural District of Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014; 14:108. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-108 PMID: 24646098
17. Hanson C, Ronsmans C, Penfold S., Maokola W, Manzi F, Jaribu J., et al. Health system support for childbirth care in Southern Tanzania: results from a health facility census. BMC Res Notes. 2013; 6: 435. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-435 PMID: 24171904
18. Straneo M, Fogliati P, Azzimonti G., Mangi S, Kisika F: Where do the rural poor deliver when high coverage of health facility delivery is achieved? Findings from a community and hospital survey in Tanzania. PLOS One. 2014; 9(12): e113995. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113995 PMID: 25460007
19. Kruk ME, Hermosilla S, Larson E., Mbaruku GM. Bypassing primary care clinics for childbirth: across-sectional study in the Pwani region, United Republic of Tanzania. Bull World Health Organ. 2014; 92 (4):246-53. doi: 10.2471/BLT.13.126417 PMID: 24700992
20. UNFPA. Programme Manager's Planning Monitoring and Evaluation Toolkit. Tool 6. Technical support division, UNFPA; 2004.
21. Maine D, Wardlaw TM, Ward V.M., McCarthy J., Birnbaum A, Akalin MZ, et al Guidelines for Monitoring the Availability and Use of Obstetric Services. UNICEF, WHO, UNFPA. New York, USA; 1997.
22. Tanser FC, Le Sueur D. The application of geographical information systems to important public health problems in Africa. Int J Health Geogr. 2002; 1(1): 4. PMID: 12537589
23. Shaw NT. Geographical information systems and health: current state and future directions. Healthc Inform Res. 2012; 18(2):88-96. doi: 10.4258/hir.2012.18.2.88 PMID: 22844644
24. Delamater PL, Messina JP, Shortridge A.M., Grady SC. Measuring geographic access to health care: raster and netwok-based methods. Int J Health Geogr. 2012; 11(1): 15. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-11-15 PMID: 22587023
25. Blanford JI, Kumar S, Luo W., MacEachren AM. It's a long, long walk: accessibility to hospitals, maternity and integrated health centers in Niger. Int J Health Geogr. 2012; 11:24. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-11-24 PMID: 22737990
26. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania] and ICF Macro. Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2010. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: NBS and ICF Macro; 2011.
27. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, United Republic of Tanzania. Health Sector Strategic Plan III. July 2009-June 2015. Dares Salaam, Tanzania; 2008.
28. Iringa District Council Health Department. Comprehensive Council Health Plan for 2011/2012. District Planning Team; 2011.
29. Ludewa District Council Health Department. Comprehensive Council Health Plan for 2011/2012. District Planning Team; 2011.
30. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), GeoNetwork project. Available: http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/main.home#.
31. United States Geological Survey Department of the Interior / (USGS U.S. Geological Survey. Availabe: http://gdex.cr.usgs.gov/gdex/.
32. Okwaraji YB, Cousens S, Berhane Y., Mulholland K and Edmond K. Effect of Geographical Access to Health Facilities on Child Mortality in Rural Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study. PLOSOne. 2012; 7(3): e33564. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033564 PMID: 22428070
33. Langmuir E. Mountain craft and Leadership. In The Scottish Sport Council/MLT. Cordee, Leicester; 1984.
34. Noor AM, Amin AA, Gething P.W., Atkinson PM, Hay SI, Snow RW. Modelling distances travelled to government health services in Kenya. Trop Med Int Health. 2006; 11(2):188-96. PMID: 16451343
35. Pozzi F, Robinson T. Accessibility Mapping in the Horn of Africa: Applications for Livestock Policy. In Working Paper No 11-08.: IGAD LPI; 2008:35.
36. Worldpop Project. Available: http://www.worldpop.org.uk.
37. National Bureau of Statistics and Office of Chief Statistician Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania. 2012 Population and Housing Census. Dares Salaam Tanzania. National Bureau of Statistics; 2012. Available: http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/new.html.
38. Gething PW, Johnson FA, Frempong-Ainguah F, Nyarko P., Baschieri A, Aboagye P, et al Geographical access to health care at birth in Ghana: a barrierto safe motherhood. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12:991. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-991 PMID: 23158554
39. Tatem AJ, Campbell J, Guerra-Arias M, de Bernis L, Moran A et al. 2014. Mapping for maternal and newborn health: the distributions of women of childbearingage, pregnancies and births. Int J Health Geogr. 2014; 13:2. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-13-2 PMID: 24387010
40. AmerSTowards Spatial Justice in Urban Health Services Planning. A spatial-analytic GIS-based approach using Dar es Salaam, Tanzania as a case study. Doctoral Dissertation. University of Utrecht, International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation; 2007.
41. Kruk ME, Hermosilla S, Larson E., Vail D, Chen Q, Mazuguni F., et al. Who is left behind on the road to universal facility delivery? A cross-sectional multilevel analysis in rural Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health. 2015; 20(8):1057-66. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12518 PMID: 25877211
42. Afnan-Holmes H., Magoma M, John T., Levira F, Msemo G, Amstrong C.E., et al. Tanzania's Countdown to 2015: an analysis of two decades of progress and gaps for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health, to inform priorities for post-2015. Lancet Glob Health. 2015; 3(7):396-409.
43. Baker U, Peterson S, Marchant T, Mbaruku G., Temu S, Manzi F, et al Identifying implementation bottlenecks for maternal and newborn health interventions in rural districts of the United Republic of Tanzania. Bull World Health Organ. 2015; 93:380-389. doi: 10.2471/BLT.14.141879 PMID: 26240459
44. Guenther T, Sadruddin S, Chimuna T., Sichamba B, Yeboah-Antwi K, Diakite B, et al Beyond distance: an approach to measure effective access to case management for sick children in Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012; 87(5 Suppl): 77-84. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0747 PMID: 23136281
45. Armstrong Schellenberg J.R., Mrisho M, Manzi F., Shirima K, Mbuya C, Mushi A.K., et al. Health and survival of young children in southern Tanzania. BMC Public Health. 2008; 8:194. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-194 PMID: 18522737
46. Kadobera D, Sartorius B, Masanja H., Mathew A, Waiswa P. The effect of distance to formal health facility on childhood mortality in rural Tanzania, 2005-2007. Glob Health Action. 2012; 5:1-9. doi: 10.3402/gha.v5i0.19099 PMID: 23151364
47. Manongi R, Mtei F, Mtove G, Nadjm B., Muro F, Alegana V, et al Inpatient child mortality by travel time to hospital in a rural area of Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health. 2014; 19(5):555-62. doi: 10.1111/tmi. 12294 PMID: 24661618
48. Hanson C, Cox J, Mbaruku G., Manzi F, Gabrysch S, Schellenberg D., et al. Maternal mortality and distance to facility-based obstetric care in rural southern Tanzania: a secondary analysis of cross-sectional census data in 226 000 households. Lancet Global Health. 2015; 3(7):387-95.
49. Department of Human Resources Development, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Human Resources for Health Strategic Plan 2014-2019. Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania; 2014.
50. Dogba M, Fournier P. Human resources and the quality of emergency obstetric care in developing countries: a systematic review of the literature. Hum Resour Health. 2009; 7: 7. doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-7-7 PMID: 19200353
51. Knight HE, Self A, Kennedy SH Why are women dying when they reach hospital on time? A systematic review of the "third delay". PLOS One. 2013; 8(5): e63846. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063846 PMID: 23704943
52. Bartels DB, Wenzlaff P, Poets CF Obstetrical volume and early neonatal mortality in preterm infants. Eur J Epidemiol. 2007; 22(11):791-8. PMID: 17902029
53. Sabde Y, De Costa A, Diwan V. A spatial analysis to study access to emergency obstetric transport services underthe public private "Janani Express Yojana" program in two districts of Madhya Pradesh, India. Reprod Health. 2014; 11:57. doi: 10.1186/1742-4755-11-57 PMID: 25048795
54. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Zanzibar Health Sector Reform Strategic Plan II 2006/07-2010/11. Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar; 2006.
55. Bailey PE, Keyes EB, Parker C, Abdullah M., Kebede H, Freedman L. Using a GIS to model interventions to strengthen the emergency referral system for maternal and newborn health in Ethiopia. Int J of Gynaecol Obstet. 2011; 115(3), pp. 300-309.
56. Nesbitt RC, Gabrysch S, Laub A., Soremekun S, Manu A, Kirkwood BR et al. Methods to measure potential spatial access to delivery care in low- and middle-income countries: a case study in rural Ghana. In. Int J Health Geogr.2014; 13:25. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-13-25 PMID: 24964931