Insights into the formation of attachment bonds from a social network perspective

Bases of Adult Attachment: Linking Brain, Mind and Behavior

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 131-156

  Gillath, Omri ^a   Karantzas, Gery ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS   (United States)

^b DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84944562180     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9622-9_7     Document Type: Chapter

References (123)

1. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Oxford: Lawrence Erlbaum.
2. Allan, G. (2006). Social networks and personal communities. In A. L. Vangelisti D. Perlman (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of personal relationships (pp. 657-671). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Antonucci, T. C., Akiyama, H. (1987). Social networks in adult life and a preliminary examination of the convoy model. Journal of Gerontology, 42, 519-527. doi:10.1093/geronj/42.5.519.
4. Antonucci, T. C., Akiyama, H. (1994). Convoys of attachment and social relations in children, adolescents, and adults. In F. Nestmann K. Hurrelmann (Eds.), Social networks and social support in childhood and adolescence (pp. 37-52). Oxford: Walter De Gruyter.
5. Antonucci, T. C., Akiyama, H., Takahashi, K. (2004). Attachment and close relationships across the life span. Attachment Human Development, 6, 353-370.
6. Baker, W. E., Faulkner, R. R. (1993). The social organization of conspiracy: Illegal networks in the heavy electrical equipment industry. American Sociological Review, 58, 837-860.
7. Baron, M. J. (1993). Fear, attachment and affiliation: The interaction of functional systems in 8-and 12-month-old infants. Early Development and Parenting, 2, 121-130.
8. Bartholomew, K., Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 226-244. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226.
9. Baumeister, R. F., Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497.
10. Bell, B. (1991). Loneliness and values. Journal of Social Behavior Personality, 6, 771-778.
11. Bemporad, J. R. (1984). From Attachment to Affiliation. American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 44, 79-92.
12. Berg, J. H., McQuinn, R. D. (1989). Loneliness and aspects of social support networks. Journal of Social andPersonalRelationships, 6, 359-372. doi:10.1177/0265407589063008.
13. Berkman, L. F. (1995). The role of social relations in health promotion. Psychosomatic Medicine, 57, 245-254.
14. Bippus, A., Rollin, E. (2003). Attachment style differences in relational maintenance and conflict behaviors: Friends’ perceptions. Communication Reports, 16, 113-123.
15. Boissevain, J. (1974). Friends of friends: Networks, manipulators and coalitions. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
16. Bowlby, J. (1979). The making and breaking of affectional bonds. London: Tavistock.
17. Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books. (Orig. ed. 1969).
18. Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46-76). New York: Guilford.
19. Bretherton, I. (1985). A sampler of parent-child relations. PsycCRlTlQUES, 30, 637-638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/024000.
20. Bretherton, I., Munholland, K. A. (2008). Internal working models in attachment relationships: Elaborating a central construct in attachment theory. In J. A. Cassidy P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of adult attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 102-127). New York: Guilford.
21. Burt, R. S. (1984). Network items and the general social survey. Social Networks, 6, 293-339.
22. Cacioppo, J. T., Patrick, W. (2008). Loneliness: Human nature and the need for social connection. New York: Norton.
23. Cacioppo, J. T., Fowler, J. H., Christakis, N. A. (2009). Alone in the crowd: The structure and spread of loneliness in a large social network. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 977-991. doi:10.1037/a0016076.
24. Caldwell, C. H., Antonucci, T. C. (1997). Child bearing during adolescence: Mental health risks and opportunities. In J. Schulenberg, J. L. Maggs, K. Hurrelmann (Eds.), Health risks and developmental transitions during adolescence (pp. 220-245). New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. Campa, M. I., Hazan, C., Wolfe, J. E. (2008). The form and function of attachment behavior in the daily lives of young adults. Social Development, 18, 288-304.
26. Campbell, K. E., Marsden, P. V., Hurlbert, J. S. (1986). Social resources and socioeconomic status. Social Networks, 8, 97-117.
27. Canterberry, M., Gillath, O. (2012). Attachment and caregiving: Functions, interactions, and implications. In G. C. Karantzas P. Noller (Eds.), Handbook of intimate and family relationships: Bridging research, policy, and practice (pp. 207-220). New York: Wiley-Blackwell.
28. Carson, J. W., Carson, K. M., Gil, K. M., Baucom, D. H. (2004). Mindfulness-based relationship enhancement. Behavioral Therapy, 35, 471-494.
29. Cassidy, J. (2008). The nature of a child’s ties. In J. Cassidy P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 2-20). New York: Guilford.
30. Cassidy, J., Shaver, P. (Eds.). (2008). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford.
31. Cicchetti, D., Serafica, F. C. (1981). Interplay among behavioral systems: Illustrations from the study of attachment, affiliation, and wariness in young children with Down’s syndrome. Developmental Psychology, 17, 36-49. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.17.1.36.
32. Cohen, S., Pressman, S. D. (2006). Positive affect and health. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 122-125. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2006.00420.x.
33. Collins, N. L., Allard, L. M. (2001). Cognitive representations of attachment: The content and function of working models. In G. J. O. Fletcher M. S. Clark (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Vol. 2. Interpersonal processes (pp. 60-85). UK: Blackwell.
34. Collins, N. L., Feeney, B. C. (2004). Working models of attachment shape perceptions of social support: Evidence from experimental and observational studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 363-383.
35. Crittenden, P. M. (1995). Attachment and psychopathology. In S. Goldberg, R. Muir, J. Kerr (Eds.), Attachment theory: Social, developmental, and clinical perspectives (pp. 367-406). Hillsdale: Analytic.
36. Doherty, N. A., Feeney, J. A. (2004). The composition of attachment networks throughout the adult years. Personal Relationships, 11, 469-488. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00093.x.
37. Dykstra, P. A., Van Tilburg, T., De Jong Gierveld, J. (2005). Changes in older adult loneliness. Research on Aging, 27, 725-747.
38. Fagundes, C. P., Schindler, I. (2012). Making of romantic attachment bonds: Longitudinal trajectories and implications for relationship stability. Personal Relationships, 19, 723-742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2008.00466.x.
39. Feeney, J. A. (2008). Adult romantic attachment: Developments in the study of couple relationships. In J. Cassidy P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 456-481). New York: Guilford.
40. Feeney, B. C., Collins, N. L. (2001). Predictors of caregiving in adult intimate relationships: An attachment theoretical perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 972-994. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.6.972.
41. Feeney, J. A., Noller, P., Hanrahan, M. (1994). Assessing adult attachment. In M. B. Sperling W. H. Berman (Eds.), Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives(pp. 128-152). New York: Guilford.
42. Florian, V., Mikulincer, M., Bucholtz, I. (1995). Effects of adult attachment style on the perception and search for social support. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 129, 665-676.
43. Fraley, R. C., Davis, K. E. (1997). Attachment formation and transfer in young adults’ close friendships and romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 4, 131-144.
44. Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218-226.
45. Gillath, O., Shaver, P. R., Mikulincer, M., Nitzberg, R. E., Erez, A., Van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and volunteering: Placing volunteerism in an attachment-theoretical framework. Personal Relationships, 12, 425-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2005.00124.x.
46. Gillath, O., Selcuk, E., Shaver, P. R. (2008). Moving toward a secure attachment style: Can repeated security priming help? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2/4, 1651-1666.
47. Gillath, O., Johnson, D. K., Selcuk, E., Teel, C. (2011). Comparing old and young adults as they cope with life transitions: The links between social network management skills and attachment style to depression. Clinical Gerontologist: The Journal of Aging and Mental Health, 34, 251-265. doi:10.1080/07317115.2011.554345.
48. Gillath, O., Karantzas, G., Selcuk, E. (2012). Attachment and perceptions of friendship networks in young adulthood. Paper submitted for publication.
49. Gottman, J. M., Graziano, W. G. (1983). How children become friends. Monographs of the society for research in child development (Vol. 48, pp. 1-86). New York: Wiley. http://wwwjstor.org/stable/1165860. Accessed Jan 2014.
50. Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 73, 1361-1380.
51. Havighurst, R. J. (1972). Developmental tasks and education. New York: Longman.
52. Hays, R. B. (1985). A longitudinal study of friendship development. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 909-924. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.48.4.909.
53. Hazan, C., Zeifman, D. (1994). Sex and the psychological tether. In K. Bartholomew D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships: Attachment processes in adulthood (Vol. 5, pp. 151-177). London: Jessica Kingsley.
54. Hazan, C., Gur-Yaish, N., Campa, M. (2004). What does it mean to be attached? In W. S. Rholes J. A. Simpson (Eds.), Adult attachment: Theory, research, and clinical implications(pp. 55-85). New York: Guilford.
55. Henderson, S. (1977). The social network support neurosis. The function of attachment in adult life. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 185-191.
56. Jacobson, N. S., Christensen, A. (1996). Integrative couple therapy: Promoting acceptance and change. New York: Norton.
57. Jang, S. A., Smith, S. W., Levine, T. R. (2002). To stay or to leave? the role of attachment styles in communication patterns and potential termination of romantic relationships following discovery of deception. Communication Monographs, 69, 236-252. doi:10.1080/03637750216543.
58. Johnson, S. M. (2004). The practice of emotionally focused couple therapy: Creating connection(2nd ed.). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
59. Kadushin, C. (2012). Understanding social networks: Theories, concepts, andfindings. New York: Oxford University Press.
60. Karantzas, G. C., Gillath, O. (2012). Attachment style and the management of social networks during the transition to college. Manuscript submitted for publication.
61. Karantzas, G. C., Feeney, J. A., Wilkinson, R. (2010). Is less more? confirmatory factor analysis of the attachment style questionnaires. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27, 749-780. doi:10.1177/0265407510373756.
62. Karantzas, G. C., Gillath, O., McCabe, M. P., Cole, S. F. (2012). The management of social networks and chronic illness: An attachment perspective. Manuscript submitted for publication.
63. Kavadas, V., Karantzas, G. C. (2012). Co-worker network functions: The role of attachment and leadership style. Unpublished manuscript.
64. Kenny, D. A., La Voie, L. (1984). The social relations model. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 18, pp. 142-182). Orlando: Academic.
65. Kirkpatrick, L. A., Davis, K. E. (1994). Attachment style, gender, and relationship stability: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 502-512. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.3.502.
66. Kirkpatrick, L. A., Shaver, P. R. (1992). An attachment-theoretical approach to romantic love and religious belief. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 266-275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167292183002.
67. Knapp, M. L. (1984). Interpersonal communication and human relationships (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
68. Knoke, D., Kuklinski, J. H. (1982). Network analysis. Beverly Hills: Sage.
69. Kobak, R., Rosenthal, N. L., Zajac, K., Madsen, S. D. (2007). Adolescent attachment hierarchies and the search for an adult pair-bond. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 117, 57-72. doi:10.1002/cd.194.
70. Kosfeld, M., Heinrichs, M., Zak, P. J., Fischbacher, U., Fehr, E. (2005). Oxytocin increases trust in humans. Nature, 435(7042), 673-676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03701.
71. Kruglanski, A. W., Shah, J. Y., Fishbach, A., Friedman, R. S., Chun, W. Y., Sleeth- Keppler, D. (2002). A theory of goal systems: Implications for social cognition, affect, and action. In M. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 34, pp. 331-376). New York: Academic.
72. Lang, F. R., Carstensen, L. L. (1994). Close emotional relationships in late life: Further support for proactive aging in the social domain. Psychology and Aging, 9, 315-324. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.315.
73. Levitt, M. J. (1980). Contingent feedback, familiarization, and infant affect: How a stranger becomes a friend. Developmental Psychology, 16, 425-432.
74. Levitt, M. J. (1991). Attachment and close relationships: A life span perspective. In J. L. Gewirtz W. M. Kurtines (Eds.), Intersections with attachment (pp. 183-205). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
75. Levitt, M. J. (2005). Social relations in childhood and adolescence: The convoy model perspective. Human Development, 48, 28-47. doi:10.1159/000083214.
76. Levitt, M. J., Coffman, S., Guacci-Franco, N., Loveless, S. C. (1994). Attachment relations and life transitions: An expectancy model. In M. B. Sperling W. H. Berman (Eds.), Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives (pp. 232-255). New York: Guilford.
77. Lewin, K. (1935). A dynamic theory of personality. New York: McGraw Hill.
78. McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., Cook, J. M. (2001). Birds of a Feather: Homophily in. Social Networks. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 415-444.
79. Mead, N. L., Baumeister, R. F., Stillman, T. F., Rawn, C. D., Vohs, K. D. (2011). Social exclusion causes people to spend and consume strategically in the service of affiliation. Journal of Consumer Research, 37, 902-919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/656667.
80. Mesch, G., Talmud, I. (2006). The quality of online and offline relationships, the role of multi-plexity and duration. The Information Society, 22, 137-149.
81. Mikulincer, M. (1998). Attachment working models and the sense of trust: An exploration of interaction goals and affect regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1209-1224.
82. Mikulincer, M., Florian, V. (2001). Attachment style and affect regulation—Implications for coping with stress and mental health. In G. Fletcher M. Clark (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Interpersonal processes (pp. 537-557). Oxford: Blackwell.
83. Mikulincer, M., Selinger, M. (2001). The interplay between attachment and affiliation systems in adolescents’ same-sex friendships: The role of attachment style. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 18, 81-106. doi:10.1177/0265407501181004.
84. Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R. (2007a). Attachment patterns in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York: Guilford.
85. Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R. (2007b). Boosting attachment security to promote mental health, prosocial values, and inter-group tolerance. Psychological Inquiry, 18, 139-156.
86. Mikulincer, M., Gillath, O., Shaver, P. R. (2002). Activation of the attachment system in adulthood: Threat-related primes increase the accessibility of mental representations of attachment figures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 881-895.
87. Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., Gillath, O., Nitzberg, R. A. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and altruism: Boosting attachment security increases compassion and helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 817-839. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.817.
88. Milardo, R. M. (1982). Friendship networks in developing relationships: Converging and diverging social environments. Social Psychology Quarterly, 45, 162-172.
89. Milardo, R. M. (Ed.). (1988). Families and social networks. New perspectives on family. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
90. Milardo, R. M., Allan, G. (1997). Social networks and marital relationships. In S. Duck (Ed.), Handbook of personal relationships (2nd ed., pp. 505-522). Chichester: Wiley.
91. Milardo, R. M., Johnson, M. P., Huston, T. L. (1983). Developing close relationships: Changing patterns of interaction between pair members and social networks. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 964-976. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.44.5.964.
92. Mischel, W. (2011). In “The many faces of network analysis'’. Daily Observations. http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/publications/observer/obsonline/network-analysis-a-bet-ter-way-to-represent-data.html. Accessed Jan 2014.
93. Murray, H. A. (1953). Explorations in personality. New York: Oxford Hill.
94. Obegi, J. H., Berant, E. (2009). Introduction. In J. H. Obegi E. Berant (Eds.), Attachment theory and research in clinical work with adults. (pp. 1-14). New York: Guilford.
95. Parker, J. G., Low, C. M., Walker, A. R., Gamm, B. K. (2005). Friendship jealousy in young adolescents: Individual differences and links to sex, self-esteem, aggression, and social adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 41, 235-250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.1.235.
96. Pitkow, L. J., Sharer, C. A., Ren, X., Insel, T. R., Terwilliger, E. F., Young, L. J. (2001). Facilitation of affiliation and pair-bond formation by vasopressin receptor gene transfer into the ventral forebrain of a monogamous vole. The Journal of Neuroscience, 21, 7392-7396.
97. Reis, H. T., Shaver, P. R. (1988). Intimacy as an interpersonal process. In S. Duck (Ed.), Handbook of research in personal relationships (pp. 367-389). London: Wiley.
98. Roberts, S. G. B., Dunbar, R. I. M. (2011). Communication in social networks: Effects of kinship, network size, and emotional closeness. Personal Relationships, 18, 439-452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01310.x.
99. Rowe, A. C., Carnelley, K. B. (2005). Preliminary support for the use of a hierarchical mapping technique to examine attachment networks. Personal Relationships, 12, 499-519. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2005.00128.x.
100. Schultheiss, O. C. (2008). Implicit motives. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (3rd ed., pp. 603-633). New York: Guilford.
101. Schwartz, J. P., Lindley, L. D., Buboltz, W. C. (2007). Adult attachment orientations: Relation to affiliation motivation. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 20, 253-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515070701308480.
102. Selcuk, E., Gillath, O. (2009). Attachment and depression. In R. Ingram (Ed.), Encyclopedia of depression (pp. 32-37). New York: Springer.
103. Shaver, P. R., Schachner, D. A., Mikulincer, M. (2005). Attachment style, excessive reassurance seeking, relationship processes, and depression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 343-359.
104. Sheldon, A. E., West, M. (1989). The functional discrimination of attachment and affiliation. Theory and empirical demonstration. British Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 18-23.
105. Simpson, J. A. (1990). Influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 971-980.
106. Simpson, J. A., Rholes, W. S., Nelligan, J. S. (1992). Support seeking and support giving within couples in an anxiety-provoking situation: The role of attachment styles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 434-446.
107. Snyder, M., Swann, W. B. Jr. (1978). Hypothesis testing process in social interactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 1202-1212.
108. Snyder, M., Gangestad, S., Simpson, J. (1983). Choosing friends as activity partners: The role of self-monitoring. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1061-1072. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.5.1061.
109. Sprecher, S. (2011). The influence of social networks on romantic relationships: Through the lens of the social network. Personal Relationships, 18, 630-644.
110. Stoller, E. P., Miller, B., Guo, S. (2001). Shared ethnicity and relationship multiplexity within the informal networks of retired European American sunbelt migrants. Research on Aging, 23, 304-325. doi:10.1177/0164027501233002.
111. Tesch, S. A. (1983). Review of friendship development across the life span. Human Development, 26, 266-276. doi:10.1159/000272888.
112. Trinke, S. J., Bartholomew, K. (1997). Hierarchies of attachment relationships in young adulthood. Journal of Social andPersonalRelationships, 14, 603-625. doi:10.1177/0265407597145002.
113. Uchino, B. N. (2009). Understanding the links between social support and physical health: A life-spa perspective with emphasis on the separability of perceived and received support. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 236-255.
114. van Duijn, M. A., Vermunt, J. K. (2006). What is special about social network analysis? Methodology, 2, 2-6.
115. Wallace, J. L., Vaux, A. (1993). Social support network orientation: The role of adult attachment style. Journal ofSocial and Clinical Psychology, 12, 354-365. doi:10.1521/jscp.1993.12.3.354.
116. Wasserman, S., Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications. New York: Cambridge University.
117. Watson, J. S. (1972). Smiling, cooing, and ‘the game’. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 18, 323-341.
118. Watt, S. E., Badger, A. J. (2009). Effects of social belonging on homesickness: An application of the belongingness hypothesis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 516-530. doi:10.1177/0146167208329695.
119. Weiss, R. S. (1998). A taxonomy of relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15, 671-683.
120. Wellman, B., Wellman, B. (1992). Domestic affairs and network relations. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 9, 385-409.
121. Wrzus, C., Hanel, M., Wagner, J., Neyer, F. J. (2012). Social network changes and life events across the lifespan: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin. doi:10.1037/a0028601.
122. Zajonc, R. B. (1968). Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9, 1-27. doi:10.1037/h0025848.
123. Zeifman, D., Hazan, C. (1997). Attachment: The bond in pair-bonds. In J. A. Simpson D. T. Kenrick (Eds.), Evolutionary social psychology (pp. 237-263). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.