메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 258, Issue 10, 1987, Pages 1368-1374

The Differential Diagnosis of Depression: Relevance of Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Cerebral Glucose Metabolism to the Bipolar-Unipolar Dichotomy

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; DIAGNOSIS; GLUCOSE BRAIN LEVEL; HUMAN; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MANIC DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 84944366350     PISSN: 00987484     EISSN: 15383598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1987.03400100102031     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (78)

References (104)
  • 2
    • 0021177024 scopus 로고
    • Six month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities
    • Myers JK, Weissman MM, Tischler GC, et al: Six month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41: 959-967.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 959-967
    • Myers, J.K.1    Weissman, M.M.2    Tischler, G.C.3
  • 11
  • 12
    • 84944364129 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory tests for discriminating subtypes of depressive disorders based on measurements of catecholamine metabolism
    • New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc
    • Schildkraut JJ, Orsulak PJ, Schatzberg AF, et al: Laboratory tests for discriminating subtypes of depressive disorders based on measurements of catecholamine metabolism, in Zales MR (ed): Affective and Schizophrenic Disorders. New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc, 1983, pp 103-123.
    • (1983) In Zales MR (ed): Affective and Schizophrenic Disorders , pp. 103-123
    • Schildkraut, J.J.1    Orsulak, P.J.2    Schatzberg, A.F.3
  • 13
    • 84912825609 scopus 로고
    • The clinical differentiation of affective and schizophrenic disorders
    • New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc
    • Andreasen NC: The clinical differentiation of affective and schizophrenic disorders, in Zales MR (ed): Affective and Schizophrenic Disorders. New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc, 1983, pp 29-52.
    • (1983) In Zales MR (ed): Affective and Schizophrenic Disorders , pp. 29-52
    • Andreasen, N.C.1
  • 14
    • 0021815444 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in mood disorders: Studies with positron emission tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose F18
    • Baxter LR Jr, Phelps ME, Mazziotta JC, et al: Cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in mood disorders: Studies with positron emission tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose F18. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;42:441-447.
    • (1985) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 441-447
    • Baxter, L.R.1    Phelps, M.E.2    Mazziotta, J.C.3
  • 17
    • 84909803691 scopus 로고
    • History and development of modern concepts of affective illness
    • Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins
    • Klerman GC: History and development of modern concepts of affective illness, in Post RM, Ballenger JC (eds): Neurobiology of Mood Disorders. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1984, pp 1-19.
    • (1984) In Post RM, Ballenger JC (eds): Neurobiology of Mood Disorders , pp. 1-19
    • Klerman, G.C.1
  • 18
    • 0001654410 scopus 로고
    • The independence of neurotic depression and endogenous depression
    • Kiloh LG, Garside RF: The independence of neurotic depression and endogenous depression. Br J Psychiatry 1963;109:451-463.
    • (1963) Br J Psychiatry , vol.109 , pp. 451-463
    • Kiloh, L.G.1    Garside, R.F.2
  • 19
    • 0009873307 scopus 로고
    • Affective disorders: Manic-depressive psychosis and psychotic depression: Manifest symptomatology, psychodynamics, sociological factors, and psychotherapy
    • in American Handbook of Psychiatry. New York, Basic Books
    • Arieti S: Affective disorders: Manic-depressive psychosis and psychotic depression: Manifest symptomatology, psychodynamics, sociological factors, and psychotherapy, in Arieti S (ed): Adult Clinical Psychiatry, vol 3, in American Handbook of Psychiatry. New York, Basic Books, 1974, pp 449-490.
    • (1974) In Arieti S (ed): Adult Clinical Psychiatry , vol.3 , pp. 449-490
    • Arieti, S.1
  • 20
    • 0001340420 scopus 로고
    • Melancholia: Prognostic study and case material
    • Lewis AJ: Melancholia: Prognostic study and case material. J Ment Sci 1936;82:488-558.
    • (1936) J Ment Sci , vol.82 , pp. 488-558
    • Lewis, A.J.1
  • 23
    • 0014833108 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors preceding the onset of severe depressions
    • Leff MJ, Roatch JF, Bunney WE Jr: Environmental factors preceding the onset of severe depressions. Psychiatry 1970;33:293-311.
    • (1970) Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 293-311
    • Leff, M.J.1    Roatch, J.F.2    Bunney, W.E.3
  • 24
    • 0015147085 scopus 로고
    • Secondary affective disorder: A study of 95 cases
    • Guze SB, Woodruff RA, Clayton PJ: Secondary affective disorder: A study of 95 cases. Psychol Med 1971;1:426-428.
    • (1971) Psychol Med , vol.1 , pp. 426-428
    • Guze, S.B.1    Woodruff, R.A.2    Clayton, P.J.3
  • 26
    • 84941021497 scopus 로고
    • Die temperamente in den Familien der monopolaren und bipolaren phasischen Psychosen
    • Leonhard K, Korff I, Shulz H: Die temperamente in den Familien der monopolaren und bipolaren phasischen Psychosen. Psychiatr Neurol 1962;143:416-434.
    • (1962) Psychiatr Neurol , vol.143 , pp. 416-434
    • Leonhard, K.1    Korff, I.2    Shulz, H.3
  • 27
    • 0013872469 scopus 로고
    • Zur Atiologie und Nosologie endogener depressives psychosen
    • Angst J: Zur Atiologie und Nosologie endogener depressives psychosen. Monogr Neurol Psychiatr 1966;112:1-118.
    • (1966) Monogr Neurol Psychiatr , vol.112 , pp. 1-118
    • Angst, J.1
  • 28
    • 0000614279 scopus 로고
    • A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses
    • Perris C: A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1966;42(suppl 194):1-188.
    • (1966) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.42 , pp. 1-188
    • Perris, C.1
  • 30
    • 0023185858 scopus 로고
    • The familial transmission of bipolar illness
    • Rice J, Reich T, Andreasen NC, et al: The familial transmission of bipolar illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:441-447.
    • (1987) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 441-447
    • Rice, J.1    Reich, T.2    Andreasen, N.C.3
  • 32
    • 0009607916 scopus 로고
    • The genetics of affective disorders
    • Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press
    • Gershon ES: The genetics of affective disorders, in Grinspoon L (ed): Psychiatry Update. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1983, vol 2, pp 434-457.
    • (1983) In Grinspoon L (ed): Psychiatry Update , vol.2 , pp. 434-457
    • Gershon, E.S.1
  • 33
    • 0021329916 scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric disorders in the relatives of probands with affective disorders
    • Weissman MM, Gershon ES, Kidd KK, et al: Psychiatric disorders in the relatives of probands with affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:13-21.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 13-21
    • Weissman, M.M.1    Gershon, E.S.2    Kidd, K.K.3
  • 34
    • 0008383787 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and course of affective disorders
    • Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press
    • Clayton PJ: The prevalence and course of affective disorders, in Davis JM, Maas JW (eds): The Affective Disorders. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1983, pp 193-201.
    • (1983) In Davis JM, Maas JW (eds): The Affective Disorders , pp. 193-201
    • Clayton, P.J.1
  • 35
    • 0038210122 scopus 로고
    • The course of monopolar depressions and bipolar psychoses
    • Quebec, Les Presses de L’Universite Laval
    • Angst J, Grof P: The course of monopolar depressions and bipolar psychoses, in Villeneuve A (ed): Lithium in Psychiatry: A Synopsis. Quebec, Les Presses de L’Universite Laval, 1976, pp 93-103.
    • (1976) In Villeneuve A (ed): Lithium in Psychiatry: A Synopsis , pp. 93-103
    • Angst, J.1    Grof, P.2
  • 36
    • 0015366246 scopus 로고
    • Lithium response in unipolar versus bipolar depression
    • Goodwin FK, Murphy DL, Dunner DL, et al: Lithium response in unipolar versus bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 1972;129:4447.
    • (1972) Am J Psychiatry , vol.129 , pp. 4447
    • Goodwin, F.K.1    Murphy, D.L.2    Dunner, D.L.3
  • 38
    • 8944262427 scopus 로고
    • The distinction between bipolar and unipolar affective disorders
    • New York, Guilford Press
    • Perris C: The distinction between bipolar and unipolar affective disorders, in Paykel ES (ed): Handbook of Affective Disorders. New York, Guilford Press, 1982, pp 45-58.
    • (1982) In Paykel ES (ed): Handbook of Affective Disorders , pp. 45-58
    • Perris, C.1
  • 39
    • 0018070859 scopus 로고
    • Age at onset of bipolar affective illness
    • Loranger AW, Levine PM: Age at onset of bipolar affective illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978;35:1345-1348.
    • (1978) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 1345-1348
    • Loranger, A.W.1    Levine, P.M.2
  • 40
    • 0017253073 scopus 로고
    • Heritable factors in the severity of affective illness
    • Dunner DL, Gershon ES, Goodwin FK: Heritable factors in the severity of affective illness. Biol Psychiatry 1976;11:31-42.
    • (1976) Biol Psychiatry , vol.11 , pp. 31-42
    • Dunner, D.L.1    Gershon, E.S.2    Goodwin, F.K.3
  • 42
    • 0017356624 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in the epidemiology of depression
    • Weissman MM, Klerman GC: Sex differences in the epidemiology of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1977;34:98-111.
    • (1977) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 98-111
    • Weissman, M.M.1    Klerman, G.C.2
  • 43
    • 0013993760 scopus 로고
    • Mortality, suicide, and lifecycles: A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses
    • Perris C, d’Elia G: Mortality, suicide, and lifecycles: A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses. Acta Psychiatry Scand Suppl 1966;42:172-183.
    • (1966) Acta Psychiatry Scand Suppl , vol.42 , pp. 172-183
    • Perris, C.1    d’Elia, G.2
  • 44
    • 0014858174 scopus 로고
    • Suicide and primary affective disorders
    • Guze SB, Robins E: Suicide and primary affective disorders. Br J Psychiatry 1970;117:437-438.
    • (1970) Br J Psychiatry , vol.117 , pp. 437-438
    • Guze, S.B.1    Robins, E.2
  • 46
    • 0020373861 scopus 로고
    • The clinical picture of bipolar affective disorder in its depressed phase
    • Brockington IF, Altman E, Hillier V, et al: The clinical picture of bipolar affective disorder in its depressed phase. Br J Psychiatry 1982;141: 558-562.
    • (1982) Br J Psychiatry , vol.141 , pp. 558-562
    • Brockington, I.F.1    Altman, E.2    Hillier, V.3
  • 47
    • 0015025701 scopus 로고
    • Unipolar and bipolar affective illness
    • Beigel A, Murphy DL: Unipolar and bipolar affective illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1971;24: 215-220.
    • (1971) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.24 , pp. 215-220
    • Beigel, A.1    Murphy, D.L.2
  • 48
    • 0016261726 scopus 로고
    • Affective illness in veteran twins: A diagnostic review
    • Allen MG, Cohen S, Pollin W, et al: Affective illness in veteran twins: A diagnostic review. Am J Psychiatry 1974;131:1234-1239.
    • (1974) Am J Psychiatry , vol.131 , pp. 1234-1239
    • Allen, M.G.1    Cohen, S.2    Pollin, W.3
  • 49
    • 0017355226 scopus 로고
    • A Danish twin study of manic-depressive disorders
    • Bertelsen A, Harvald B, Hauge M: A Danish twin study of manic-depressive disorders. Br J Psychiatry 1977;130:330-351.
    • (1977) Br J Psychiatry , vol.130 , pp. 330-351
    • Bertelsen, A.1    Harvald, B.2    Hauge, M.3
  • 50
    • 0023183294 scopus 로고
    • Familial rates of affective disorder: A report from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Study
    • Andreasen NC, Rice J, Endicott J, et al: Familial rates of affective disorder: A report from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:461-469.
    • (1987) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 461-469
    • Andreasen, N.C.1    Rice, J.2    Endicott, J.3
  • 51
    • 0017642345 scopus 로고
    • Adoption study supporting genetic transmission in manic-depressive illness
    • Mendlewicz J, Rainer JD: Adoption study supporting genetic transmission in manic-depressive illness. Nature 1977;268:327-329.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.268 , pp. 327-329
    • Mendlewicz, J.1    Rainer, J.D.2
  • 52
    • 0018971588 scopus 로고
    • Bipolar manic-depressive psychoses: Results of a genetic investigation
    • Angst J, Frey R, Lohmeyer B, et al: Bipolar manic-depressive psychoses: Results of a genetic investigation. Hum Genet 1980;55:237-254.
    • (1980) Hum Genet , vol.55 , pp. 237-254
    • Angst, J.1    Frey, R.2    Lohmeyer, B.3
  • 53
    • 0019452937 scopus 로고
    • Hereditary factors in the pathogenesis of affective illness
    • Jakimow-Venulet B: Hereditary factors in the pathogenesis of affective illness. Br J Psychiatry 1981;139:450-456.
    • (1981) Br J Psychiatry , vol.139 , pp. 450-456
    • Jakimow-Venulet, B.1
  • 54
    • 0021998966 scopus 로고
    • Familial transmission of major affective disorders: Is there evidence supporting the distinction between unipolar and bipolar disorders?
    • Tsuang MT, Faraone SV, Fleming JA: Familial transmission of major affective disorders: Is there evidence supporting the distinction between unipolar and bipolar disorders? Br J Psychiatry 1985;146:268-271.
    • (1985) Br J Psychiatry , vol.146 , pp. 268-271
    • Tsuang, M.T.1    Faraone, S.V.2    Fleming, J.A.3
  • 55
    • 84944373361 scopus 로고
    • Recent genetic studies of bipolar and unipolar depression
    • Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press
    • Dunner DL: Recent genetic studies of bipolar and unipolar depression, in Davis JM, Maas JW (eds): The Affective Disorders. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1983, pp 183-191.
    • (1983) In Davis JM, Maas JW (eds): The Affective Disorders , pp. 183-191
    • Dunner, D.L.1
  • 56
    • 0017279336 scopus 로고
    • Lithium in the treatment of depression
    • Mendels J: Lithium in the treatment of depression. Am J Psychiatry 1976;133:373-378.
    • (1976) Am J Psychiatry , vol.133 , pp. 373-378
    • Mendels, J.1
  • 57
    • 0018625052 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of treatment outcome with lithium
    • Carroll BJ: Prediction of treatment outcome with lithium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979;36: 870-878.
    • (1979) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 870-878
    • Carroll, B.J.1
  • 58
    • 0021206916 scopus 로고
    • Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders
    • Prien RF, Kupfer DJ, Mansky PA, et al: Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:1096-1104.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 1096-1104
    • Prien, R.F.1    Kupfer, D.J.2    Mansky, P.A.3
  • 63
  • 64
    • 0002870035 scopus 로고
    • Mania and hypomania during antidepressant pharmacotherapy: Clinical and research implications
    • Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins
    • Pickar D, Lowdry RW, Zis AP, et al: Mania and hypomania during antidepressant pharmacotherapy: Clinical and research implications, in Post RM, Ballenger JC (eds): Neurobiology of Mood Disorders. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1984, pp 836-845.
    • (1984) In Post RM, Ballenger JC (eds): Neurobiology of Mood Disorders , pp. 836-845
    • Pickar, D.1    Lowdry, R.W.2    Zis, A.P.3
  • 66
    • 0018354389 scopus 로고
    • Rapid cycling in manic-depressives induced by tricyclic antidepressants
    • Wehr TA, Goodwin FK: Rapid cycling in manic-depressives induced by tricyclic antidepressants. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979;36:555-559.
    • (1979) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 555-559
    • Wehr, T.A.1    Goodwin, F.K.2
  • 68
    • 0017128059 scopus 로고
    • Depressive symptoms in patients with unipolar and bipolar affective disorder
    • Dunner DL, Dwyer T, Fieve RR: Depressive symptoms in patients with unipolar and bipolar affective disorder. Compr Psychiatry 1976;17: 447-451.
    • (1976) Compr Psychiatry , vol.17 , pp. 447-451
    • Dunner, D.L.1    Dwyer, T.2    Fieve, R.R.3
  • 69
    • 84912492338 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the biological understanding of affective and schizophrenic disorders
    • New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc
    • Lipton MA: The evolution of the biological understanding of affective and schizophrenic disorders, in Zales MR (ed): Affective and Schizophrenic Disorders. New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc, 1983, pp 5-28.
    • (1983) In Zales MR (ed): Affective and Schizophrenic Disorders , pp. 5-28
    • Lipton, M.A.1
  • 71
    • 0000264756 scopus 로고
    • The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: A review of supporting evidence
    • Schildkraut JJ: The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: A review of supporting evidence. Am J Psychiatry 1965;122:509-522.
    • (1965) Am J Psychiatry , vol.122 , pp. 509-522
    • Schildkraut, J.J.1
  • 72
    • 0018117959 scopus 로고
    • Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders: I. Differences in urinary excretion of MHPG and other catecholamine metabolites in clinically defined subtypes of depressions
    • Schildkraut JJ, Orsulak PJ, Schatzberg AF, et al: Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders: I. Differences in urinary excretion of MHPG and other catecholamine metabolites in clinically defined subtypes of depressions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978;35:1427-1433.
    • (1978) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 1427-1433
    • Schildkraut, J.J.1    Orsulak, P.J.2    Schatzberg, A.F.3
  • 73
    • 0018080910 scopus 로고
    • Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders: II. Application of multivariate discriminant function analysis to data on urinary catecholamines and metabolites
    • Schildkraut JJ, Orsulak PJ, LaBrie RA, et al: Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders: II. Application of multivariate discriminant function analysis to data on urinary catecholamines and metabolites. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978;35:1436-1439.
    • (1978) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 1436-1439
    • Schildkraut, J.J.1    Orsulak, P.J.2    LaBrie, R.A.3
  • 74
    • 84912515229 scopus 로고
    • Lithium prophylaxis in major affective disorders: On the specificity and sensitivity of some ’new’ predictors of treatment outcome
    • Lancaster, England, MTP Press Ltd
    • Sacchetti E, Vita A, Conte G, et al: Lithium prophylaxis in major affective disorders: On the specificity and sensitivity of some ’new’ predictors of treatment outcome, in Corsini GV (ed): Current Trends in Lithium and Rubidium Therapy. Lancaster, England, MTP Press Ltd, 1984, pp 165-187.
    • (1984) In Corsini GV (ed): Current Trends in Lithium and Rubidium Therapy , pp. 165-187
    • Sacchetti, E.1    Vita, A.2    Conte, G.3
  • 75
    • 0021365374 scopus 로고
    • Urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and major affective disorders
    • Muscettola G, Potter WZ, Pickar D, et al: Urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and major affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:337-342.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 337-342
    • Muscettola, G.1    Potter, W.Z.2    Pickar, D.3
  • 76
    • 0018614628 scopus 로고
    • Tricyclicinduced mania and MHPG excretion
    • Zis AP, Cowdry RW, Wehr TA, et al: Tricyclicinduced mania and MHPG excretion. Psychiatr Res 1979;1:93-99.
    • (1979) Psychiatr Res , vol.1 , pp. 93-99
    • Zis, A.P.1    Cowdry, R.W.2    Wehr, T.A.3
  • 77
    • 0020671732 scopus 로고
    • Positron computed tomography for studies of myocardial and cerebral function
    • Phelps ME, Schelbert HR, Mazziotta JC: Positron computed tomography for studies of myocardial and cerebral function. Ann Intern Med 1983;98:339-359.
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med , vol.98 , pp. 339-359
    • Phelps, M.E.1    Schelbert, H.R.2    Mazziotta, J.C.3
  • 79
    • 0021867039 scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomography: Human brain function and biochemistry
    • Phelps ME, Mazziotta JC: Positron emission tomography: Human brain function and biochemistry. Science 1985;228:799-809.
    • (1985) Science , vol.228 , pp. 799-809
    • Phelps, M.E.1    Mazziotta, J.C.2
  • 80
    • 0021340591 scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomographic study of affective disorders: Problems and strategies
    • Phelps ME, Mazziotta JC, Baxter L, et al: Positron emission tomographic study of affective disorders: Problems and strategies. Ann Neurol 1984;15(suppl):S149-S156.
    • (1984) Ann Neurol , vol.15 , pp. S149-S156
    • Phelps, M.E.1    Mazziotta, J.C.2    Baxter, L.3
  • 81
    • 0020056175 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral glucography with positron tomography: Use in normal subjects and in patients with schizophrenia
    • Buchsbaum MS, Ingvar DH, Kessler R, et al: Cerebral glucography with positron tomography: Use in normal subjects and in patients with schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;39:251-259.
    • (1982) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 251-259
    • Buchsbaum, M.S.1    Ingvar, D.H.2    Kessler, R.3
  • 82
    • 0021747252 scopus 로고
    • Anteroposterior gradients in cerebral glucose use in schizophrenia and affective disorders
    • Buchsbaum MS, DeLisi LE, Holcomb HH, et al: Anteroposterior gradients in cerebral glucose use in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:1159-1166.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 1159-1166
    • Buchsbaum, M.S.1    DeLisi, L.E.2    Holcomb, H.H.3
  • 83
    • 0020760533 scopus 로고
    • PET studies of glucose metabolism in patients with schizophrenia
    • Widen L, Blomquist G, Greitz T, et al: PET studies of glucose metabolism in patients with schizophrenia. AJNR 1983;4:550-552.
    • (1983) AJNR , vol.4 , pp. 550-552
    • Widen, L.1    Blomquist, G.2    Greitz, T.3
  • 84
    • 0021354028 scopus 로고
    • Regional brain glucose metabolism in chronic schizophrenia, a positron emission transaxial tomographic study
    • Farkas T, Wolf AP, Jaeger J, et al: Regional brain glucose metabolism in chronic schizophrenia, a positron emission transaxial tomographic study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:293-300.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 293-300
    • Farkas, T.1    Wolf, A.P.2    Jaeger, J.3
  • 85
    • 0021810106 scopus 로고
    • Persistence of cerebral metabolic abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia as determined by positron emission tomography
    • Wolkin A, Jaeger J, Brodie JD, et al: Persistence of cerebral metabolic abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia as determined by positron emission tomography. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142: 564-571.
    • (1985) Am J Psychiatry , vol.142 , pp. 564-571
    • Wolkin, A.1    Jaeger, J.2    Brodie, J.D.3
  • 86
    • 0021131757 scopus 로고
    • A focal brain abnormality in panic disorder, a severe form of anxiety
    • Reiman EM, Raichle ME, Butler FK, et al: A focal brain abnormality in panic disorder, a severe form of anxiety. Nature 1984;310:683-685.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.310 , pp. 683-685
    • Reiman, E.M.1    Raichle, M.E.2    Butler, F.K.3
  • 87
    • 84910842399 scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomography in psychiatric disorders
    • Gur RE: Positron emission tomography in psychiatric disorders. Psychiatr Ann 1985;145: 268-271.
    • (1985) Psychiatr Ann , vol.145 , pp. 268-271
    • Gur, R.E.1
  • 88
    • 0022477071 scopus 로고
    • Frontal cortex and basal ganglia metabolic rates assessed by positron emission tomography with [18F]2-deoxyglucose in affective illness
    • Buchsbaum MS, Wu J, DeLisi LE, et al: Frontal cortex and basal ganglia metabolic rates assessed by positron emission tomography with [18F]2-deoxyglucose in affective illness. J Affective Disord 1986;10:137-152.
    • (1986) J Affective Disord , vol.10 , pp. 137-152
    • Buchsbaum, M.S.1    Wu, J.2    DeLisi, L.E.3
  • 89
    • 0018582265 scopus 로고
    • Tomographic measurement of local cerebral glucose metabolic rate in humans with (F-18) 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose: Validation of method
    • Phelps ME, Huang SC, Hoffman EJ, et al: Tomographic measurement of local cerebral glucose metabolic rate in humans with (F-18) 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose: Validation of method. Ann Neurol 1979;6:371-388.
    • (1979) Ann Neurol , vol.6 , pp. 371-388
    • Phelps, M.E.1    Huang, S.C.2    Hoffman, E.J.3
  • 90
    • 0018820286 scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive determination of local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose in man
    • Huang SC, Phelps ME, Hoffman EJ, et al: Noninvasive determination of local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose in man. Am J Physiol 1980; 238:E69-E82.
    • (1980) Am J Physiol , vol.238 , pp. E69-E82
    • Huang, S.C.1    Phelps, M.E.2    Hoffman, E.J.3
  • 91
    • 0016631386 scopus 로고
    • Application of annihilation coincidence detection to transaxial reconstruction tomography
    • Phelps ME, Hoffman EF, Mullani NA, et al: Application of annihilation coincidence detection to transaxial reconstruction tomography. J Nucl Med 1975;16:210-224.
    • (1975) J Nucl Med , vol.16 , pp. 210-224
    • Phelps, M.E.1    Hoffman, E.F.2    Mullani, N.A.3
  • 92
    • 0018331084 scopus 로고
    • The (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization in man
    • Reivich M, Kuhl D, Wolf A, et al: The (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization in man. Circ Res 1979;44:127-137.
    • (1979) Circ Res , vol.44 , pp. 127-137
    • Reivich, M.1    Kuhl, D.2    Wolf, A.3
  • 93
    • 0017368491 scopus 로고
    • The (14C) deoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization: Theory, procedure and normal values in the conscious and anesthesized rat
    • Sokoloff L, Reivich M, Kennedy C: The (14C) deoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization: Theory, procedure and normal values in the conscious and anesthesized rat. J Neurochem 1977;28:897-916.
    • (1977) J Neurochem , vol.28 , pp. 897-916
    • Sokoloff, L.1    Reivich, M.2    Kennedy, C.3
  • 94
    • 44349129408 scopus 로고
    • The theory and applications of the exchange of inert gas at the lungs and tissues
    • Kety SS: The theory and applications of the exchange of inert gas at the lungs and tissues. Pharmacol Rev 1951;3:1-41.
    • (1951) Pharmacol Rev , vol.3 , pp. 1-41
    • Kety, S.S.1
  • 95
    • 0004212181 scopus 로고
    • New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc
    • Siesjo BK: Brain Energy Metabolism. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1978, pp 101-130.
    • (1978) Brain Energy Metabolism , pp. 101-130
    • Siesjo, B.K.1
  • 97
    • 0019891783 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow in dementia and depression
    • Gustafson L, Risberg J, Silfuerskiold P: Cerebral blood flow in dementia and depression. Lancet 1981;1:275.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 275
    • Gustafson, L.1    Risberg, J.2    Silfuerskiold, P.3
  • 98
    • 13144304307 scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow in organic dementia and affective disorders
    • Gustafson L, Risberg J, Silferskiold P: Regional cerebral blood flow in organic dementia and affective disorders. Adv Biol Psychiatry 1981;6: 109-116.
    • (1981) Adv Biol Psychiatry , vol.6 , pp. 109-116
    • Gustafson, L.1    Risberg, J.2    Silferskiold, P.3
  • 99
    • 0021236416 scopus 로고
    • Brain function in psychiatric disorders: II. Regional cerebral blood flow in medicated unipolar depressives
    • Gur RE, Skolnick BE, Gur RC, et al: Brain function in psychiatric disorders: II. Regional cerebral blood flow in medicated unipolar depressives. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:695-699.
    • (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 695-699
    • Gur, R.E.1    Skolnick, B.E.2    Gur, R.C.3
  • 103
    • 0017459468 scopus 로고
    • An intricately patterned prefrontocaudate projection in the rhesus monkey
    • Goldman PS, Nauta WJH: An intricately patterned prefrontocaudate projection in the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 1977;171:369-386.
    • (1977) J Comp Neurol , vol.171 , pp. 369-386
    • Goldman, P.S.1    Nauta, W.J.H.2
  • 104
    • 0020508989 scopus 로고
    • Cost analyses of positron emission tomography for clinical use
    • Evens RG, Siegel BA, Welch MJ, et al: Cost analyses of positron emission tomography for clinical use. AJR 1983;141:1073-1076.
    • (1983) AJR , vol.141 , pp. 1073-1076
    • Evens, R.G.1    Siegel, B.A.2    Welch, M.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.