메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 1-18

The influence of environmental factors on the growth of lichens in the field

Author keywords

Climate; Competition; Dry weight gain; Lichen; Nutrient enrichment; Radial growth rate; Relative growth rate; Substratum

Indexed keywords


EID: 84943594249     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-2181-4_1     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (21)

References (103)
  • 1
    • 0000637630 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal growth and growth ratecolony size relationships in six species of saxicolous lichens
    • Armstrong RA (1973) Seasonal growth and growth ratecolony size relationships in six species of saxicolous lichens. New Phytol 72:1023–1030. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1973.tb02078.x
    • (1973) New Phytol , vol.72 , pp. 1023-1030
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 2
    • 0002799203 scopus 로고
    • The descriptive ecology of saxicolous lichens in area of south merionethshire, wales
    • Armstrong RA (1974) The descriptive ecology of saxicolous lichens in area of South Merionethshire, Wales. J Ecol 62:33–45. doi:10.2307/2258878
    • (1974) J Ecol , vol.62 , pp. 33-45
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 3
    • 84981633376 scopus 로고
    • The influence of aspect on the pattern of seasonal growth in the lichen parmelia glabratula ssp. Fuliginosa
    • Armstrong RA (1975) The influence of aspect on the pattern of seasonal growth in the lichen Parmelia glabratula ssp. fuliginosa. New Phytol 75:245–251. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1975.tb-01393.x
    • (1975) New Phytol , vol.75 , pp. 245-251
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 4
    • 0001403432 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the growth rate of lichens
    • : Brown DH, Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds), Academic Press, London
    • Armstrong RA (1976a) Studies on the growth rate of lichens. In: Brown DH, Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology. Academic Press, London, pp 309–322
    • (1976) Progress and Problems in Lichenology , pp. 309-322
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 5
    • 84981598963 scopus 로고
    • The influence of the frequency of wetting and drying on the radial growth of three saxicolous lichens in the field
    • Armstrong RA (1976b) The influence of the frequency of wetting and drying on the radial growth of three saxicolous lichens in the field. New Phytol 77:719–724. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1976.tb-04666.x
    • (1976) New Phytol , vol.77 , pp. 719-724
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 6
    • 0003983516 scopus 로고
    • The colonization of a slate rock surface by a lichen
    • Armstrong RA (1978) The colonization of a slate rock surface by a lichen. New Phytol 81:85–88. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1978.tb01606.x
    • (1978) New Phytol , vol.81 , pp. 85-88
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 7
    • 0002839663 scopus 로고
    • The influence of bird droppings and uric acid on the growth of five species of saxicolous lichens
    • Armstrong RA (1984) The influence of bird droppings and uric acid on the growth of five species of saxicolous lichens. Environ Exp Bot 4:95–99. doi:10.1016/0098-8472(84)90065-0
    • (1984) Environ Exp Bot , vol.4 , pp. 95-99
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 8
    • 0001851039 scopus 로고
    • Substrate colonization, growth and competition
    • Galun M, CRC Press, Cleveland
    • Armstrong RA (1988) Substrate colonization, growth and competition. In: Galun M (ed) Handbook of lichenology. CRC Press, Cleveland, pp 3–16
    • (1988) Handbook of Lichenology , pp. 3-16
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 9
    • 0025226425 scopus 로고
    • The influence of calcium and magnesium on the growth of the lichens xanthoriaparietina and parmelia saxatilis
    • Armstrong RA (1990) The influence of calcium and magnesium on the growth of the lichens Xanthoria parietina and Parmelia saxatilis. Environ Exp Bot 30:51–57. doi:10.1016/0098-8472(90)90008-R
    • (1990) Environ Exp Bot , vol.30 , pp. 51-57
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 10
    • 0026024595 scopus 로고
    • Competitive interactions between four foliose lichens on north and south facing rocksurfaces
    • Armstrong RA (1991) Competitive interactions between four foliose lichens on north and south facing rock surfaces. Environ Exp Bot 31:51–58. doi:10.1016/0098-8472(91)90007-B
    • (1991) Environ Exp Bot , vol.31 , pp. 51-58
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 11
    • 0027385274 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal growth offoliose lichens in
    • Armstrong R A(1993a) Seasonal growth offoliose lichens in successive years in SouthGwynedd, Wales EnvironExp Bot 33:225–232. doi:10.1016/0098-8472(93)90068-Q
    • (1993) Wales Environexp , vol.33 , pp. 225-232
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 12
    • 0027143379 scopus 로고
    • The growth of six saxicolouslichens transplanted to lime-rich and lime-poor substratesin south gwynedd, wales
    • Armstrong RA (1993b) The growth of six saxicolous lichens transplanted to lime-rich and lime-poor substrates in South Gwynedd, Wales. Symbiosis 15:257–267
    • (1993) Symbiosis , vol.15 , pp. 257-267
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 13
    • 0028312345 scopus 로고
    • The influence of bird droppings onthe growth of lichen fragments transplanted to slateand cement substrates
    • Armstrong RA (1994) The influence of bird droppings on the growth of lichen fragments transplanted to slate and cement substrates. Symbiosis 17:75–86
    • (1994) Symbiosis , vol.17 , pp. 75-86
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 14
    • 0034125288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitive interactions betweenfour foliose lichen species with and without nutrientenrichment
    • Armstrong RA (2000) Competitive interactions between four foliose lichen species with and without nutrient enrichment. Symbiosis 28:323–335
    • (2000) Symbiosis , vol.28 , pp. 323-335
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 15
    • 0036348658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of rock surface aspect ongrowth, size structure and competition in the lichenrhizocarpon geographicum
    • Armstrong RA (2002) The effect of rock surface aspect on growth, size structure and competition in the lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum. Environ Exp Bot 48:187–194.doi:10.1016/S00098472(02)000400
    • (2002) Environ Exp Bot , vol.48 , pp. 187-194
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 16
    • 28844459347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radial growth of rhizocarponsection rhizocarpon lichen thalli over six years atsnoqualmie pass in the cascade range, washingtonstate
    • Armstrong RA (2005) Radial growth of Rhizocarpon section Rhizocarpon lichen thalli over six years at Snoqualmie Pass in the Cascade Range, Washington State. Arct Antarct Alp Res 37:411-415. doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2005)037[0411:RGORSR]:RGORSRJ2.0.CO;2
    • (2005) Arct Antarct Alp Res , vol.37 , pp. 411-415
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 17
    • 33748415347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal growth of the crustoselichen rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) dc. In southgwynedd wales
    • Armstrong RA (2006) Seasonal growth of the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. in south Gwynedd Wales. Symbiosis 41:97–102
    • (2006) Symbiosis , vol.41 , pp. 97-102
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 18
    • 62949202547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monthly fluctuations in radialgrowth of individual lobes of the lichen parmeliaconspersa (Ehrh. Ex Ach.) Ach
    • Armstrong RA (2009) Monthly fluctuations in radial growth of individual lobes of the lichen Parmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach. Symbiosis 47:9–16
    • (2009) Symbiosis , vol.47 , pp. 9-16
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 19
    • 84876694793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of areolae andgrowth of the peripheral prothallus in the crustoselichen rhizocarpon geographicum: An image analysisstudy
    • Armstrong RA (2013) Development of areolae and growth of the peripheral prothallus in the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum: an image analysis study. Symbiosis 60:7–15. doi:10.1007/s13199-013-0234-2
    • (2013) Symbiosis , vol.60 , pp. 7-15
    • Armstrong, R.A.1
  • 20
    • 34248173523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition in lichen communities
    • Armstrong RA, Welch AR (2007) Competition in lichen communities. Symbiosis 43:1–12
    • (2007) Symbiosis , vol.43 , pp. 1-12
    • Armstrong, R.A.1    Welch, A.R.2
  • 22
    • 79952333487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of foliose lichens: A review
    • Armstrong RA, Bradwell T (2011) Growth of foliose lichens: a review. Symbiosis 53:1–16. doi:10.1007/s13199-011-0108-4
    • (2011) Symbiosis , vol.53 , pp. 1-16
    • Armstrong, R.A.1    Bradwell, T.2
  • 23
    • 0030906205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with degeneration of the thallus center in foliose lichens
    • Armstrong RA, Smith SN (1997) Factors associated with degeneration of the thallus center in foliose lichens. Symbiosis 22:293–302
    • (1997) Symbiosis , vol.22 , pp. 293-302
    • Armstrong, R.A.1    Smith, S.N.2
  • 24
    • 1642290982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term and chronic effects of copper, zinc and mercury on the chlorophyll content of four lichen photobionts and related algae
    • Backor M, Djubai A (2004) Short-term and chronic effects of copper, zinc and mercury on the chlorophyll content of four lichen photobionts and related algae. J Hattori Bot Lab 95:271–284
    • (2004) J Hattori Bot Lab , vol.95 , pp. 271-284
    • Backor, M.1    Djubai, A.2
  • 25
    • 84905107547 scopus 로고
    • Eicerche lichenometriche in valfurva e nella valle di solda
    • Belloni S (1973) Eicerche lichenometriche in Valfurva e nella Valle di Solda. Bull Com Glaciol Ital 21:19–33
    • (1973) Bull Com Glaciol Ital , vol.21 , pp. 19-33
    • Belloni, S.1
  • 26
    • 0025588840 scopus 로고
    • Experiments on lichen growth. I. Seasonal patterns and environmental controls
    • Benedict JB (1990a) Experiments on lichen growth. I. Seasonal patterns and environmental controls. Arct Alp Res 22:244–254. doi:10.2307/1551587
    • (1990) Arct Alp Res , vol.22 , pp. 244-254
    • Benedict, J.B.1
  • 27
    • 0025693441 scopus 로고
    • Winter frost injury to lichens: Colorado front range
    • Benedict JB (1990b) Winter frost injury to lichens: Colorado Front Range. Bryologist 93:423–426. doi:10.2307/3243606
    • (1990) Bryologist , vol.93 , pp. 423-426
    • Benedict, J.B.1
  • 28
    • 0026296425 scopus 로고
    • Experiments on lichen growth ii. Effects of a seasonal snow cover
    • Benedict JB (1991) Experiments on lichen growth II. Effects of a seasonal snow cover. Arct Alp Res 23:189–199. doi:10.2307/1551382
    • (1991) Arct Alp Res , pp. 189-199
    • Benedict, J.B.1
  • 29
    • 60849134269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of lichenometric dating and its applications to archeology
    • Benedict JB (2009) A review of lichenometric dating and its applications to archeology. Am Antiq 74:143–172
    • (2009) Am Antiq , vol.74 , pp. 143-172
    • Benedict, J.B.1
  • 30
    • 0344393986 scopus 로고
    • Lichenometrical studies in west greenland
    • Beschel RE (1958) Lichenometrical studies in West Greenland. Arctic 11:254
    • (1958) Arctic , vol.11
    • Beschel, R.E.1
  • 31
    • 0001595340 scopus 로고
    • Dating rock surfaces by lichen growth and its application to the glaciology and physiography (Lichenometry)
    • Raasch GO, University of Toronto Press, Toronto
    • Beschel RE (1961) Dating rock surfaces by lichen growth and its application to the glaciology and physiography (lichenometry). In: Raasch GO (ed) Geology of the Arctic. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, pp 1044–1062
    • (1961) Geology of the Arctic , pp. 1044-1062
    • Beschel, R.E.1
  • 32
    • 84866012245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usnea lichen community biomass estimation on volcanicmesas, james ross island, antarctica
    • Bohuslavova O, Smilauer P, Elster J (2012) Usnea lichen community biomass estimation on volcanicmesas, James Ross Island, Antarctica. Polar Biol 35:1563–1572. doi:10.1007/S00300-012-1197-0
    • (2012) Polar Biol , vol.35 , pp. 1563-1572
    • Bohuslavova, O.1    Smilauer, P.2    Elster, J.3
  • 33
    • 0025593398 scopus 로고
    • Growth patterns in ramalina menziesii in california; coastal vs. Inland populations
    • Boucher VL, Nash TH (1990) Growth patterns in Ramalina menziesii in California; Coastal vs. inland populations. Bryologist 93:295–302. doi:10.2307/3243516
    • (1990) Bryologist , vol.93 , pp. 295-302
    • Boucher, V.L.1    Nash, T.H.2
  • 34
    • 0034779444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new lichenometric dating curve for southeast iceland
    • Bradwell T (2001a) A new lichenometric dating curve for southeast Iceland. Geogr Ann 83A:91–101. doi:10.1111/j.0435-3676.2001.00146.x
    • (2001) Geogr Ann , vol.83A , pp. 91-101
    • Bradwell, T.1
  • 36
    • 77950819894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the growth of rhizocarpongeographicum in northwest scotland and some implicationsfor lichenometry
    • Bradwell T (2010) Studies on the growth of Rhizocarpon geographicum in northwest Scotland and some implications for lichenometry. Geogr Ann A Phys Geogr 92:41–52. doi:10.1111/j.14680459.2010.00376.x
    • (2010) Geogr Ann a Phys Geogr , vol.92 , pp. 41-52
    • Bradwell, T.1
  • 37
    • 77950792820 scopus 로고
    • Some factors influencing lichengrowth in towns
    • Brightman FH (1959) Some factors influencing lichen growth in towns. Lichenologist 1:104–108
    • (1959) Lichenologist , vol.1 , pp. 104-108
    • Brightman, F.H.1
  • 38
    • 2442724667 scopus 로고
    • Studies on growth rates of corticolouslichens on long island, new york
    • Brodo IM (1965) Studies on growth rates of corticolous lichens on Long Island, New York. Bryologist 68:451–456
    • (1965) Bryologist , vol.68 , pp. 451-456
    • Brodo, I.M.1
  • 40
    • 84862164629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The advantage of growing on moss:Facilitative effects on photosynthetic performance andgrowth in the cyanobacterial lichen peltigera rufescens
    • Budel B (2012) The advantage of growing on moss: facilitative effects on photosynthetic performance and growth in the cyanobacterial lichen Peltigera rufescens. Oecologia 169:599–607. doi:10.1007/S00442-011-2224-5
    • (2012) Oecologia , vol.169 , pp. 599-607
    • Budel, B.1
  • 41
    • 0034921540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasedrainfall ameliorates the negative effect of trampling inthe growth of high arctic forage lichens
    • Cooper EJ, Smith FM, Wookey PA (2001) Increased rainfall ameliorates the negative effect of trampling in the growth of high Arctic forage lichens. Symbiosis 31:153–171
    • (2001) Symbiosis , vol.31 , pp. 153-171
    • Cooper, E.J.1    Smith, F.M.2    Wookey, P.A.3
  • 42
    • 0020870205 scopus 로고
    • The ecology ofrhizocarpon superficiale ii. The seasonal responseof net photosynthesis and respiration to temperature, moisture and light
    • Coxson DS, Kershaw KA (1983) The ecology of Rhizocarpon superficiale II. The seasonal response of net photosynthesis and respiration to temperature, moisture and light. Can J Bot 61:3019–3030
    • (1983) Can J Bot , vol.61 , pp. 3019-3030
    • Coxson, D.S.1    Kershaw, K.A.2
  • 43
    • 33947185702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth rate responsesof lobaria pulmonaria to canopy structure ineven-aged and old-growth cedar-hemlock forests ofcentral-interior british columbia, canada
    • Coxson DS, Stevenson SK (2007) Growth rate responses of Lobaria pulmonaria to canopy structure in even-aged and old-growth cedar-hemlock forests of central-interior British Columbia, Canada. Forest Ecol Manage 242:5–16. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.01.031
    • (2007) Forest Ecolmanage , vol.242 , pp. 5-16
    • Coxson, D.S.1    Stevenson, S.K.2
  • 44
    • 0011220528 scopus 로고
    • Lichen physiology
    • Ferry BW, Baddeley MS, Hawksworth DL (eds), Athlone Press, University of, London, London
    • Farrar JF (1973) Lichen physiology. In: Ferry BW, Baddeley MS, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology. Athlone Press, University of London, London, pp 238–282
    • (1973) Progress And , pp. 238-282
    • Farrar, J.F.1
  • 45
    • 0002565861 scopus 로고
    • The lichen as an ecosystem: Observationand experiment
    • Bailey RH, HawksworthDL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology.Academic Press, London
    • Farrar JF (1976) The lichen as an ecosystem: observation and experiment. In: Brown DH, Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology. Academic Press, London, pp 385–406
    • (1976) Brown DH , pp. 385-406
    • Farrar, J.F.1
  • 46
    • 84971994935 scopus 로고
    • Observations on aseason’s growth of parmelia caperata and p. Sulcatain south devon
    • Fisher PJ, Proctor MCF (1978) Observations on a season’s growth of Parmelia caperata and P. sulcata in South Devon. Lichenologist 10:81–89. doi:10.1017/S0024282978000092
    • (1978) Lichenologist , vol.10 , pp. 81-89
    • Fisher, P.J.1    Proctor, M.2
  • 47
    • 0002488308 scopus 로고
    • Brown DH, Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems inlichenology. Academic Press, London
    • Fletcher A (1976) Nutritional aspects of marine and maritime lichen ecology. In: Brown DH, Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology. Academic Press, London, pp 359 -384
    • (1976) Nutritional aspects of marine andmaritime lichen ecology
    • Fletcher, A.1
  • 48
    • 20444445989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of increasednitrogen supply on norwegian lichen-rich alpinecommunities: 1 10-year experiment
    • Fremstad E, Paal J, Mois T (2005) Impacts of increased nitrogen supply on Norwegian lichen-rich alpine communities: 1 10-year experiment. J Ecol 93:471–481. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.00995.x
    • (2005) J Ecol , vol.93 , pp. 471-481
    • Fremstad, E.1    Paal, J.2    Mois, T.3
  • 49
    • 1642307334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth in relation to micoclimatic conditionsand physiological of four lobaria pulmonaria populationsin two contrasting habitats
    • Gaio-Oliveira G, Dahlman L, Maguas C, Palmqvist K (2004) Growth in relation to micoclimatic conditions and physiological of four Lobaria pulmonaria populations in two contrasting habitats. Ecography 27:13–28. doi:10.1111/j.0906-7590.2004.03577.x
    • (2004) Ecography , vol.27 , pp. 13-28
    • Gaio-Oliveira, G.1    Dahlman, L.2    Maguas, C.3    Palmqvist, K.4
  • 50
    • 17144410014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of the lichen xanthoria parietina (l.)
    • Gaio-Oliveira G, Dahlman L, Palmqvist K, Maguas C(2005) Responses of the lichen Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th Fr. to varying nitrogen concentrations. Lichenologist 37:171–179. doi:10.1017/S0024282904014598
    • (2005) Lichenologist , pp. 171-179
    • Gaio-Oliveira, G.1    Dahlman, L.2    Palmqvist, K.3    Maguas, C.4
  • 51
    • 84971847946 scopus 로고
    • The relationship betweenphysiochemical soil properties and substrate choiceof ‘multisubstrate’ lichen species
    • Garty J, Gal M, Galun M (1974) The relationship between physiochemical soil properties and substrate choice of ‘multisubstrate’ lichen species. Lichenologist 6:146–150
    • (1974) Lichenologist , vol.6 , pp. 146-150
    • Garty, J.1    Gal, M.2    Galun, M.3
  • 54
    • 84971955468 scopus 로고
    • Studies along the edge of a lichen desert
    • Gilbert OL (1971) Studies along the edge of a lichen desert. Lichenologist 5:11–17
    • (1971) Lichenologist , vol.5 , pp. 11-17
    • Gilbert, O.L.1
  • 55
    • 0142017723 scopus 로고
    • Life expectancy in a tulsa cemetery: Growth and population structure of the lichen xanthoparmelia cumberlandia
    • Golm GT, Hill PS, Wells H (1993) Life expectancy in a Tulsa cemetery: growth and population structure of the lichen Xanthoparmelia cumberlandia. Am Mid Nat 129:373–383. doi:10.2307/2426518
    • (1993) Am Mid Nat , vol.129 , pp. 373-383
    • Golm, G.T.1    Hill, P.S.2    Wells, H.3
  • 57
    • 0002459204 scopus 로고
    • Single-lobe growth-rate patterns in the lichen parmelia caperata
    • Hale ME (1970) Single-lobe growth-rate patterns in the lichen Parmelia caperata. Bryologist 73:72–81
    • (1970) Bryologist , vol.73 , pp. 72-81
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 58
    • 0003150674 scopus 로고
    • Growth
    • Ahmadjian V, Hale ME, Academic Press, New York
    • Hale ME (1973) Growth. In: Ahmadjian V, Hale ME (eds) The lichens. Academic Press, New York, pp 473–492
    • (1973) The Lichens , pp. 473-492
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 59
    • 0000014285 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of corticolous lichens. I. The zonation on oak and birch in south devon
    • Harris GP (1971a) The ecology of corticolous lichens. I. The zonation on oak and birch in south Devon. J Ecol 59:431–439
    • (1971) J Ecol , vol.59 , pp. 431-439
    • Harris, G.P.1
  • 60
    • 0000014283 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of corticolous lichens ii. The relationship between physiology and the environment
    • Harris GP (1971b) The ecology of corticolous lichens II. The relationship between physiology and the environment. J Ecol 59:441–452
    • (1971) J Ecol , vol.59 , pp. 441-452
    • Harris, G.P.1
  • 61
    • 0006254316 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of corticolous lichens iii. A simulation model of productivity as a function of light intensity and water availability
    • Harris GP (1972) The ecology of corticolous lichens III. A simulation model of productivity as a function of light intensity and water availability. J Ecol 60:19–40. doi:10.2307/2258038
    • (1972) J Ecol , vol.60 , pp. 19-40
    • Harris, G.P.1
  • 62
    • 0022844219 scopus 로고
    • Direct measurement of lichen growth in the central brooks range, alaska usa, and its application to lichenometric dating
    • Haworth LA, Calkin PE, Ellis JM (1986) Direct measurement of lichen growth in the central Brooks Range, Alaska USA, and its application to lichenometric dating. Arct Alp Res 18:289–296. doi:10.2307/2258323
    • (1986) Arct Alp Res , vol.18 , pp. 289-296
    • Haworth, L.A.1    Calkin, P.E.2    Ellis, J.M.3
  • 63
    • 0038471638 scopus 로고
    • Lobe growth and marginal zonation in crustose lichens
    • Hooker TN (1980) Lobe growth and marginal zonation in crustose lichens. Lichenologist 12:313–323. doi:10.2307/225832416
    • (1980) Lichenologist , vol.12 , pp. 313-323
    • Hooker, T.N.1
  • 64
    • 0344972886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of the cushion-forming lichen cladonia portentosa at nitrogen-polluted and unpolluted heathland sites
    • Hyvarinen M, Crittenden PD (1998) Growth of the cushion-forming lichen Cladonia portentosa at nitrogen-polluted and unpolluted heathland sites. Environ Exp Bot 40:67–76. doi:10.1016/S0098-8472(98)00022-7
    • (1998) Environ Exp Bot , vol.40 , pp. 67-76
    • Hyvarinen, M.1    Crittenden, P.D.2
  • 65
    • 0037270025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of fertilization on phenol content and growth rate of cladina stellaris: A test of the carbon-nutrient balance hypothesis
    • Hyvarinen M, Walters B, Koopmann R (2003) Impact of fertilization on phenol content and growth rate of Cladina stellaris: a test of the carbon-nutrient balance hypothesis. Oecologia 134:176–181. doi:10.1007/S00442-002-1105-3
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.134 , pp. 176-181
    • Hyvarinen, M.1    Walters, B.2    Koopmann, R.3
  • 66
    • 0021033826 scopus 로고
    • Development of lichenometric dating curves for highland scotland
    • Innes JL (1983) Development of lichenometric dating curves for highland Scotland. Trans R Soc Edinb 74:23–32
    • (1983) Trans R Soc Edinb , vol.74 , pp. 23-32
    • Innes, J.L.1
  • 69
    • 0344063982 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ionizing radiation, climate and nutrition on growth and structure of a lichen parmelia conspersa (Ach.) ach
    • Jones JM, Platt RB (1969) Effects of ionizing radiation, climate and nutrition on growth and structure of a lichen Parmelia conspersa (Ach.) Ach. Radioecology Symp 2:111–119
    • (1969) Radioecology Symp , vol.2 , pp. 111-119
    • Jones, J.M.1    Platt, R.B.2
  • 70
    • 0342568943 scopus 로고
    • Morphological analysis of the growth and productivity of the lichen cladonia alpestris
    • Karenlampi L (1970) Morphological analysis of the growth and productivity of the lichen Cladonia alpestris. Rep Kevo Subarct Res 7:9–15
    • (1970) Rep Kevo Subarct Res , vol.7 , pp. 9-15
    • Karenlampi, L.1
  • 71
    • 0002563549 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the relative growth rate of some fruticose lichens
    • Karenlampi L (1971) Studies on the relative growth rate of some fruticose lichens. Rep Kevo Subarct Res 7:33–39
    • (1971) Rep Kevo Subarct Res , vol.7 , pp. 33-39
    • Karenlampi, L.1
  • 72
    • 0036077398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of usnea longissima across a variety of habitats in the oregon coast range
    • Keon DB, Muir PS (2002) Growth of Usnea longissima across a variety of habitats in the Oregon Coast range. Bryologist 105:233–242. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2002)105[0233:GOULAA]2.0.CO;2
    • (2002) Bryologist , vol.105 , pp. 233-242
    • Keon, D.B.1    Muir, P.S.2
  • 73
    • 0000350332 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between moisture content and net assimilation rate of lichen thalli and its ecological significance
    • Kershaw KA (1972) The relationship between moisture content and net assimilation rate of lichen thalli and its ecological significance. Can J Bot 50:543–555
    • (1972) Can J Bot , vol.50 , pp. 543-555
    • Kershaw, K.A.1
  • 74
    • 0007525871 scopus 로고
    • Studies on lichendominated systems ii. The growth pattern of cladonia alpestris and cladonia rangeriferina
    • Kershaw KA, Rouse WR (1971) Studies on lichendominated systems II. The growth pattern of Cladonia alpestris and Cladonia rangeriferina. Can J Bot 49:1401–1410
    • (1971) Can J Bot , vol.49 , pp. 1401-1410
    • Kershaw, K.A.1    Rouse, W.R.2
  • 75
    • 0009976715 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for competitive release in simplified saxicolous lichen communities
    • Lawrey JD (1981) Evidence for competitive release in simplified saxicolous lichen communities. Am J Bot 68:1066–1973. doi:10.2307/2442716
    • (1981) Am J Bot , vol.68 , pp. 1066-1973
    • Lawrey, J.D.1
  • 76
    • 0004128745 scopus 로고
    • Studies on lichen growth rates at plummers island, maryland
    • Lawrey JD, Hale ME (1977) Studies on lichen growth rates at Plummers Island, Maryland. Proc Biol Soc Wash 90:698–725
    • (1977) Proc Biol Soc Wash , vol.90 , pp. 698-725
    • Lawrey, J.D.1    Hale, M.E.2
  • 77
    • 0018584725 scopus 로고
    • A manual for lichenometry. British geomorphological research group
    • Locke WW, Andrews JT, Webber PJ (1979) A manual for lichenometry. British Geomorphological Research Group, Technical Bulletin 26, pp 1–47
    • (1979) Technical Bulletin , vol.26 , pp. 1-47
    • Locke, W.W.1    Rews, J.T.2    Webber, P.J.3
  • 78
    • 34548427928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential responses of lichen symbionts to enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus availability: An experiment with cladina stellaris
    • Makkonen S, Hurri R S K, Hyvarinen M (2007) Differential responses of lichen symbionts to enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus availability: an experiment with Cladina stellaris. Ann Bot 99:877–884. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm042
    • (2007) Ann Bot , vol.99 , pp. 877-884
    • Makkonen, S.1    Hurri, R.2    Hyvarinen, M.3
  • 79
    • 0000135751 scopus 로고
    • Lichenometric dating: A review with particular reference to ‘little ice age’ moraines in southern norway
    • Beck C, New Mexico Press, Albuquerque
    • Mathews JA (1994) Lichenometric dating: a review with particular reference to ‘Little Ice Age’ moraines in southern Norway. In: Beck C (ed) Dating in surface context. New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp 185–212
    • (1994) Dating in Surface Context , pp. 185-212
    • Mathews, J.A.1
  • 80
    • 9644276294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Little ice age glacier variations in jotunheimen, southern norway: A study in regionally controlled dating of recessional moraines with implications for climate and lichen growth rates
    • Matthews JA (2005) Little Ice Age glacier variations in Jotunheimen, southern Norway: a study in regionally controlled dating of recessional moraines with implications for climate and lichen growth rates. Holocene 15:1–19
    • (2005) Holocene , vol.15 , pp. 1-19
    • Matthews, J.A.1
  • 81
    • 63849225895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single phosphorus treatment doubles growth of cyanobacterial lichen transplants
    • McCune B, Caldwell BA (2009) A single phosphorus treatment doubles growth of cyanobacterial lichen transplants. Ecology 90:567–570. doi:10.1890/08-0344.1
    • (2009) Ecology , vol.90 , pp. 567-570
    • Mc Cune, B.1    Caldwell, B.A.2
  • 82
    • 4243136428 scopus 로고
    • Growth rates of xanthoria parietina and their relationship to substrate texture
    • Moxham TH (1981) Growth rates of Xanthoria parietina and their relationship to substrate texture. Cryp Bryol Lichenol 2:171–180
    • (1981) Cryp Bryol Lichenol , vol.2 , pp. 171-180
    • Moxham, T.H.1
  • 83
    • 0033962718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light use efficiency of dry matter gain in five macro-lichens: Relative impact of microclimate conditions and species-specific traits
    • Palmqvist K, Sundberg B (2000) Light use efficiency of dry matter gain in five macro-lichens: relative impact of microclimate conditions and species-specific traits. Plant Cell Env 23:1–14. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00529.x
    • (2000) Plant Cell Env , vol.23 , pp. 1-14
    • Palmqvist, K.1    Sundberg, B.2
  • 84
    • 33745190939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of the green algal foliose lichen platismatia glauca to increased nitrogen supply
    • Palmqvist K, Dahlman L (2006) Responses of the green algal foliose lichen Platismatia glauca to increased nitrogen supply. New Phytol 171:343–356. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01754.x
    • (2006) New Phytol , vol.171 , pp. 343-356
    • Palmqvist, K.1    Dahlman, L.2
  • 85
    • 0020870088 scopus 로고
    • Physiological studies on temperate lichen species. I. A mathematical model to predict assimilation in the field based on laboratory responses
    • Paterson DR, Paterson EW, Kenworthy JB (1983) Physiological studies on temperate lichen species. I. A mathematical model to predict assimilation in the field based on laboratory responses. New Phytol 94:605–618. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1983.tb04869.x
    • (1983) New Phytol , vol.94 , pp. 605-618
    • Paterson, D.R.1    Paterson, E.W.2    Kenworthy, J.B.3
  • 86
    • 0019384604 scopus 로고
    • Lichenometric studies in the cascade range of washington: Establishment of rhizocarpon geographicum growth curves at mount rainier
    • Porter SC (1981) Lichenometric studies in the Cascade range of Washington: establishment of Rhizocarpon geographicum growth curves at Mount Rainier. Arc Alp Res 13:11–23. doi:10.2307/1550622
    • (1981) Arc Alp Res , vol.13 , pp. 11-23
    • Porter, S.C.1
  • 87
    • 0346109930 scopus 로고
    • The influence of salinity on the establishment phase of rocky shore lichens
    • Ramkaer K (1978) The influence of salinity on the establishment phase of rocky shore lichens. Bot Tidsskr 72:119–123
    • (1978) Bot Tidsskr , vol.72 , pp. 119-123
    • Ramkaer, K.1
  • 88
    • 24744435926 scopus 로고
    • Investigations on the growth rate of lichens. Ann umcs (lublin, poland)
    • Rydzak J (1961) Investigations on the growth rate of lichens. Ann UMCS (Lublin, Poland) Sec C 16:1–15
    • (1961) Sec C , vol.16 , pp. 1-15
    • Rydzak, J.1
  • 89
    • 0001418686 scopus 로고
    • Performance of lacanora muralis in an urban environment
    • Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology. Academic Press, London
    • Seaward MRD (1976) Performance of Lacanora muralis in an urban environment. In: Brown DH, Bailey RH, Hawksworth DL (eds) Progress and problems in lichenology. Academic Press, London, pp 323–358
    • (1976) Brown DH , pp. 323-358
    • Seaward, M.1
  • 90
    • 0001461318 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal growth of parmelia caperata
    • Showman RE (1976) Seasonal growth of Parmelia caperata. Bryologist 79:360–363
    • (1976) Bryologist , vol.79 , pp. 360-363
    • Showman, R.E.1
  • 91
    • 0031422646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thallus growth asymmetry and habitat inclination in lasallia pustulata
    • Sletvold N, Hestmark G (1998) Thallus growth asymmetry and habitat inclination in Lasallia pustulata. Bryologist 100:465–466
    • (1998) Bryologist , vol.100 , pp. 465-466
    • Sletvold, N.1    Hestmark, G.2
  • 92
    • 84981673052 scopus 로고
    • Lichen physiology xiii. Effects of rewetting dry lichens
    • Smith DC, Molesworth S (1973) Lichen physiology XIII. Effects of rewetting dry lichens. New Phytol 72:525–533. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1973.tb04403.x
    • (1973) New Phytol , vol.72 , pp. 525-533
    • Smith, D.C.1    Molesworth, S.2
  • 93
    • 0000599969 scopus 로고
    • Colonization by lichens and the development of lichen-dominated communities in the maritime antarctic
    • Smith RIL (1995) Colonization by lichens and the development of lichen-dominated communities in the maritime Antarctic. Lichenologist 27:473–483. doi:10.1016/S0024-2829(95)80007-7
    • (1995) Lichenologist , vol.27 , pp. 473-483
    • Smith, R.1
  • 94
    • 80054916879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in concentrations of carbohydrates and lipids in two epiphytic lichens with contrasting, snow-depth related distribution on subarctic birch trees
    • Sonesson M, Grimberg A, Sveinbjornsson B, Carlsson BA (2011) Seasonal variation in concentrations of carbohydrates and lipids in two epiphytic lichens with contrasting, snow-depth related distribution on subarctic birch trees. Bryologist 114:443–452 doi:10.1639/0007-2745-114.3.443
    • (2011) Bryologist , vol.114 , pp. 443-452
    • Sonesson, M.1    Grimberg, A.2    Sveinbjornsson, B.3    Carlsson, B.A.4
  • 95
    • 46849116650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth responses of lobaria retigera to forest edge and canopy structure in the inland temperate rainforest, british columbia
    • Stevenson SK, Coxon DS (2008) Growth responses of Lobaria retigera to forest edge and canopy structure in the inland temperate rainforest, British Columbia. Forest Ecol Manage 256:618–623. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.025
    • (2008) Forest Ecol Manage , vol.256 , pp. 618-623
    • Stevenson, S.K.1    Coxon, D.S.2
  • 96
    • 0035026379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of nitrogen and key thallus components in the two tripartite lichens nephroma arcticum and peltigera aphthosa
    • Sundberg B, Nasholm T, Palmqvist K (2001) The effect of nitrogen and key thallus components in the two tripartite lichens Nephroma arcticum and Peltigera aphthosa. Plant Cell Environ 24:517–527. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00701.x
    • (2001) Plant Cell Environ , vol.24 , pp. 517-527
    • Sundberg, B.1    Nasholm, T.2    Palmqvist, K.3
  • 97
    • 34247554099 scopus 로고
    • Lichen growth rates in west greenland
    • Tenbrink NW (1973) Lichen growth rates in West Greenland. Arct Alp Res 5:323–331
    • (1973) Arct Alp Res , vol.5 , pp. 323-331
    • Tenbrink, N.W.1
  • 98
    • 77950835355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichen growth rates on glacier forelands in southern norway: Preliminary results from a 25-year monitoring programme
    • Trenbirth HE, Matthews JA (2010) Lichen growth rates on glacier forelands in southern Norway: preliminary results from a 25-year monitoring programme. Geogr Ann A Phys Geogr 92A:19–40
    • (2010) Geogr Ann a Phys Geogr , vol.92A , pp. 19-40
    • Trenbirth, H.E.1    Matthews, J.A.2
  • 99
    • 32044438654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of annual primary production of the lichen cetrariella delisei in a glacier foreland in the high arctic, nylalesund, svalbard
    • Uchida M, Nakatsubo T, Kanda H, Koizumi H (2006) Estimation of annual primary production of the lichen Cetrariella delisei in a glacier foreland in the high Arctic, Nylalesund, Svalbard. Polar Res 25:39–49. doi:10.1111/j.1751-8369.2006.tb00149.x
    • (2006) Polar Res , vol.25 , pp. 39-49
    • Uchida, M.1    Nakatsubo, T.2    Kanda, H.3    Koizumi, H.4
  • 100
    • 0033013603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The response of different cladonia species after treatment with fertiliser or lime in heathland
    • Vagts I, Kinder M (1999) The response of different Cladonia species after treatment with fertiliser or lime in heathland. Lichenologist 31:75–83
    • (1999) Lichenologist , vol.31 , pp. 75-83
    • Vagts, I.1    Kinder, M.2
  • 101
    • 0030970878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary observations on the growth of transplanted peltigera canina under semi-natural conditions
    • Webster M, Brown DH (1997) Preliminary observations on the growth of transplanted Peltigera canina under semi-natural conditions. Lichenologist 29:91–96
    • (1997) Lichenologist , vol.29 , pp. 91-96
    • Webster, M.1    Brown, D.H.2
  • 102
    • 33646517486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of nutrient application on growth rate and competitive ability of three foliose lichen species
    • Welch AR, Gillman M P, John EA (2006) Effect of nutrient application on growth rate and competitive ability of three foliose lichen species. Lichenologist 38:177–186. doi:10.1017/S0024282906004555
    • (2006) Lichenologist , vol.38 , pp. 177-186
    • Welch, A.R.1    Gillman, M.P.2    John, E.A.3
  • 103
    • 0026291127 scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect effects of nutrients on intertidal community structure: Variable consequences of seabird guano
    • Wootton JT (1991) Direct and indirect effects of nutrients on intertidal community structure: variable consequences of seabird guano. J Exp Mar Biol 151:139–153. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(91)90121-C
    • (1991) J Exp Mar Biol , vol.151 , pp. 139-153
    • Wootton, J.T.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.