Understanding the Causes of Business Failure Crises: Generic Failure Types: Boiled Frogs, Drowned Frogs, Bullfrogs and Tadpoles

Management Decision

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 1994, Pages 9-22

  Richardson, Bill ^a   Nwankwo, Sonny ^a   Richardson, Susan ^a  

^a SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84943386777     PISSN: 00251747     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/00251749410058635     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. British Chamber of Commerce, Report on Failing Businesses, 6 November 1992.
2. Grinyer, P.M., Mayes, D.C. and McKiernan, P., Sharpbenders: The Secrets of Unleashing Corporate Potential, Blackwell, Oxford, 1989.
3. Slatter, S., Corporate Recovery, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1984.
4. Kotter, J.P. and Heskett, J.L., Corporate Culture and Performance, The Free Press, New York, NY, 1992.
5. Dibben, M., “The Real Troubleshooters”, Intercity, British Rail, November 1991, pp. 27–8.
6. Altman, E.I., Corporate Bankcruptcy in America, Heath Books, Lexington, MA, 1971.
7. Mitroff, Break-away Thinking, John Wiley, New York, NY, 1988.
8. Pauchant, T. and Mitroff, I.I., “Crisis Prone versus Crisis Avoiding Organizations: Is Your Company's Culture Its Own Worst Enemy in Creating Crises?”, Industrial Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 2, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988, pp. 53–63.
9. Argenti, J., Corporate Collapse: The Causes and Symptoms, McGraw-Hill, London, 1976.
10. Handy C., “The Age of Unreason”, in Henry, J. (Ed.), Creative Management, Sage, London, 1991, p. 272.
11. Villiers, C., “Boiled Frog Syndrome”, Management Today, March 1989, pp. 121–4.
12. Morgan, G., Images of Organization, Sage, Beverly Hills, 1986.
13. Richardson, B. and Patterson, J., “Silver Wheels Ltd”, in Richardson, B., Patterson, J., Gregory, A. and Leeson, S.(Eds), Case Studies in Business Planning, 2nd edition, Pitman, London, 1992.
14. Harvey-Jones, J., “In the Nutcrackers”, Troubleshooter, Video, BBC, 1988.
15. Johnson, G., “Rethinking Incrementalism”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 9 No. 1, 1988 pp. 73–91.
16. Lorange, P. and Nelson, R.T., “How to Recognise and Avoid Organizations' Decline,” Sloan Management Review, Spring 1987, pp. 41–6.
17. Smart, C. and Vertinsky, I., “Designs for Crisis Decision Units”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 22, December 1977, pp. 640–49.
18. Starbuck, W.H., Greve, A. and Hedberg, B.L.T., “Responding to Crisis”, in Mintzberg, H. and Quinn, J.B. (Eds), The Strategy Process, 2nd edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood-Cliffs, NJ, 1991, pp. 785–93.
19. Castrogiovanni, G.J., Baliga, B.R. and Kidwell R.E. Jr, “Curing Sick Businesses: Changing CEOs in Turnaround Efforts”, The Executive, Vol. VI No. 3, Academy of Management, August 1992.
20. Sipika, C. and Smith, D., From Disaster to Crisis — the Failed Turnaround of Pan-American Airlines, Liverpool Business School, Liverpool, UK, 1992.
21. Richardson, B., “What Came Next?”, in Richardson, B., Patterson, J., Gregory, A. and Leeson, S. (Eds), Case Studies in Business Planning, 2nd edition, Pitman, London, 1992.
22. Foster, G., “Goodman's Battle for the Skies”, Management Today, August 1989, pp. 43–7.
23. Nwanko, S., Richardson, B. and Boyles, R., The Rise and Fall of Air Europe, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, 1993.
24. Skeel, S., “Maxwell Ogles the Globe”, Management Today, March 1990, pp. 46–51.
25. Richardson, B., Richardson S. and Beiswengger, A., The Maxwell Organization, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, 1993.
26. Richardson, S. and Richardson, B., The Case of Polly Peck, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, 1993.
27. Collins, N., The Daily Telegraph, 22 November 1991, p. 17.
28. McCall, A., La Guardia, A., Newland, M., Hargreaves, C. and Thynne, J., The Daily Telegraph, 6 November 1991, p. 1.
29. Yorkshire Post, “Maxwell Empire Tumbles in Debt”, 6 December 1991, pp. 1–3.
30. County Nat West Wood Mac, Equity Briefing Paper: 7 — Company Pathology, CNWM Analysts, 1991.
31. Pratten, C., Company Failure, Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, London, 1991.
32. Richardson, W., Richardson, S., Jennings, P., Cullen, J. and Beaver, G., “Towards the Selfish-Powerful-Person-in-Charge Paradigm”, paper presented at the 1992 UKEMRA Conference, Southampton, 1992.
33. Andrews, K.R., The Concept of Corporate Strategy, Richard D. Irwin, Homewood, IL, 1980.
34. Cyert, R.M. and March, J.G., A Behavioral Theory of the Firm, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1963.
35. Drucker, P.F., The Practice of Management, Pan Piper, London, 1968.
36. Fayol, H., General and Industrial Management, Pitman, London, 1949.
37. Kanter, R.M., When Giants Learn to Dance: Mastering the Challenges of Strategy, Management and Careers in the 1990s, Unwin, London, 1990.
38. Mintzberg, H., The Nature of Managerial Work, Harper & Row, New York, NY, 1973.
39. Peters, T.J. and Waterman, R.H., In Search of Excellence, Harper & Row, New York, NY, 1982.
40. Mintzberg, H., Power in and around Organizations, Prentice-Hall, New York, NY, 1983.
41. Rice, A.K., The Organization and its Environment, Tavistock Publications, London, 1963.
42. Ansoff, H.I., Implanting Strategic Management, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1984.
43. Mitroff, I.I. and Kilmann, R.H., Corporate Tragedies, Praeger Publishers, New York, NY, 1984.
44. Drucker, P.F., “The Coming of the New Organization”, Harvard Business Review, January–February 1988, pp. 45–53.
45. Maddox, B. and Jack, A., “Private Empire Consumed £1.686bn”, Financial Times, 5 November 1992, p. 13.
46. Burns, J. and Snoddy, R., “Family Comes to Terms with Shifting Fortune”, Financial Times, 5 November 1992, p. 13.
47. Nwankwo, S., Abel, P. and Richardson, B., “Illustrations of Failed Start-ups”, in Richardson, B. (Ed.), Managing in Enterprise Contexts, Pavic Publications, Sheffield, 1993.
48. Davidson, H., in Kotler, P., Marketing Management, Analysis, Planning and Control, 4th edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1980.
49. Cane, A., “Midas Who Lost His Touch”, (extracts) from Richardson, B. and Roberts, D., “Media Extracts in the Sinclair Organization”, in Richardson, B. (Ed.), Case Studies in Business Planning, 1st edition, Pitman, London, 1989.
50. Kotler, P., Marketing Management Analysis, Planning and Control, 4th edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1980.
51. Chandler, A. Jr, Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of American Industrial Enterprise, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1962.
52. Greiner, L.E., “Evolution and Revolution as Organizations Grow”, Harvard Business Review, July–August 1972.
53. Janis, I.L., Victims of Group Think, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA, 1972.
54. Mali, P., MBO Updated, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1986.
55. Meyers, G.C. and Holusha, J., When it Hits the Fan: Managing the Nine Irises of Business, Unwin Hyman, London, 1987.
56. Mintzberg, H., “Organization Design: Fashion or Fit?”, Harvard Business Review, January–February 1981, pp. 103–16.
57. Richardson, B. and Richardson, R., “Business Planning: An Approach to Strategic Management”, 2nd edition, Pitman, London, (forthcoming).
58. Salancik, G.R. and Pfeffer, J., “Who Gets Power and How They Hold on to It: A Strategic Contingency Model of Power”, Organizational Dynamics, Winter 1977, pp. 223–39.