Louisiana: The civil rights struggle, 1940-1954

Before Brown: Civil Rights and White Backlash in the Modern South

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 144-169

  Fairclough, Adam ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 84942571271     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (63)

1. Charles S. Johnson, Growing Up in the Black Belt: Negro Youth in the Rural South (1941; reprint, New York: Schocken, 1967), 325-27.
2. Charles S. Johnson, “Democracy and Social Control in Race Relations," 1942.
3. Phillip J. Johnson, “The Limits of Interracial Compromise: Louisiana, 1941," Journal of Southern History 64 (May 2003): 346.
4. Greta De jong, A Different Day: African-American Struggles for Justice in Rural Louisiana, 1900-1970 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002).
5. Richard H. King, Civil Rights and the Idea of Freedom (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 4.
6. Robert Korstad and Nelson Lichtenstein, “Opportunities Found and Lost: Labor, Radicals, and the Early Civil Rights Movement," Journal of Southern History 75 (December 1988): 786-811.
7. Numan V. Bartley, The Rise of Massive Resistance: Race and Politics in the South during the 1950S (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1969), 213-22.
8. Aldon D. Morris, The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement: Black Communities Organizing for Change (New York: Free Press, 1984), 26-39.
9. Mark V. Tushnet, Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court, 1936-1961 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), 287-300.
10. Adam Fairclough, Race and Democracy: The Civil Rights Struggle in Louisiana, 1915-1972 (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1995), 194-211.
11. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 23-25, 29-31, 108-9, 113-19, 154-55, 165-66, 179.
12. Lawrence W. Cramer, “Field Report on New Orleans, Louisiana," March 7, 1942.
13. Adam Fairclough, “Racial Repression in World War Two: The New Iberia Incident," Louisiana History 32 (Spring 1991): 183-207.
14. Merl E. Reed, “The FEPC, the Black Worker, and the Southern Shipyards," South Atlantic Quarterly 74 (Autumn 1975): 446-87.
15. Anthony J. Badger, “Huey Long and the New Deal," in Nothing to Fear: New Perspectives on America in the Thirties, ed. Stephen W. Baskerville and Ralph Willett (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985), 73-74.
16. Alan Brinkley, Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and the Great Depression (New York: Vintage, 1983), 32.
17. William Ivy Hair, The Kingfish and His Realm: The Life and Times of Huey P. Long (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1991), 99, 151, 170-71, 274-75, 303.
18. Korstad and Lichtenstein, “Opportunities Found and Lost," 786.
19. Alan H. Draper, Conflict of Interest: Organized Labor and the Civil Rights Movement in the South, 1954-1968 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994), 11-13.
20. Bruce Nelson, Divided We Stand: American Workers and the Struggle for Racial Equality (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001).
21. Richard Dalfiume, “The ‘Forgotten Years’ of the Negro Revolution," Journal of American History 55 (June 1968): 90-106.
22. Harvard Sitkoff, “Racial Militancy and Interracial Violence in the Second World War," Journal of American History 58 (December 1971): 661-81.
23. Harvard Sitkoff, “African American Militancy in the World War II South," in Remaking Dixie: The Impact of World War II on the American South, ed. Neil R. McMillen (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1997), 70-95.
24. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 54-72.
25. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 78.
26. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 65-68, 71, 99-102.
27. Ernest J. Middleton, History of the Louisiana Education Association (Washington, D.C.: National Education Association, 1984), 85.
28. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 102-5, 133-34.
29. P. J. Johnson, “Limits of Interracial Compromise," 130-31.
30. “Morris Henry Carroll," http://monroefreepress.com/history/blkhisII.htm.
31. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 179-86.
32. Glen S. Jeansonne, Leander Perez: Boss of the Delta (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1977), 244-49.
33. John H. Fenton and Kenneth R. Vines, “Negro Registration in Louisiana," American Political Science Review 51 (September 1957): 704-13.
34. Frederick D. Wright, “The History of Black Political PartiCipation to 1865," in Blacks and Southern Politics, ed. Lawrence W. Morland, Robert P. Steed, and Tod A. Baker (New York: Praeger, 1987), 22.
35. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 129-31.
36. Mary Alice Fontenot and Vincent Riehl, The Cat and st. Landry: A Biography of Sheriff D. J. “Cat” Doucet of St. Landry Parish, Louisiana (Baton Rouge: Claitor’s Publishing Division, 1972), 87, 100.
37. Melissa Fay Greene, Praying for Sheetrock: A Work of Nonfiction (New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1991).
38. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 184-85.
39. Thornton, Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002).
40. Christopher Waldrep, “War of Words: The Controversy over the Definition of Lynching, 1899-1940," Journal of Southern History 66, no. 1 (2000): 94.
41. Margery Dallet, “The Case of Clinton Clark," August 17, 1940.
42. August Meier and Elliott Rudwick, “The Origins of Nonviolent Direct Action in Afro-American Protest: A Note on Historical Discontinuities," in Along the Color Line: Explorations in the Black Experience (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1976), 362-63.
43. Louisiana Weekly, November 29, 1947.
44. N. C. Newbold, “Lumberton Negro School Strike," October 21, 1946.
45. Morris, Origins of the Civil Rights Movement, 17-25.
46. Emmett Harold Buell, “The Politics of Frustration: An Analysis of Negro Political Leadership in East Baton Rouge Parish, 1953-1966" (M.A. thesis, Louisiana State University, 1967), 116-27.
47. Louisiana Weekly, June 25, 1949.
48. New York Times, June 16, 21, 1953.
49. Baton Rouge Morning Advocate, June 16-22, 1953.
50. Louisiana Weekly, July 4, 1953.
51. Meier and Rudwick, “Origins of Nonviolent Direct Action," 365-66.
52. Plaintiff’s Petition, Jemison v. City of Baton Rouge, folder 4, box 31, Tureaud Papers.
53. Fairclough, Race and Democracy, 148-51.
54. Samuel Lubell, The Future of American Politics (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1951), 118-20.
55. Frank T. Read and Lucy S. McGough, Let Them Be Judged: The Judicial Integration of the Deep South (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1978), 336-44.
56. Bruce Nelson, Workers on the Waterfront: Seamen, Longshoremen, and Unionism in the 1930S (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988), 81-82.
57. A. L. Glenn Sr., History of the National Alliance of Postal Employees, 1913-1955 (Washington, D.C.: National Alliance of Postal Employees, n.d.).
58. Cornelius Hendricks, “The National Alliance of Postal and Federal Employees," Crisis, April 1977, 148-49.
59. Constance Baker Motley, Equal Justice under Law: An Autobiography (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998), 107.
60. Joseph T. Taylor, “Desegregation in Louisiana: One Year Later," Journal of Negro Education 24 (Summer 1955): 264-67.
61. Louisiana Weekly, June 5, 1954.
62. New Orleans TimesPicayune, May 18, 1954.
63. Taylor, “Desegregation in Louisiana," 267.