Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under 5 years of age-Uganda, 2009

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 93, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 521-526

  Menon, Manoj P ^a,b   Yoon, Steven S ^a,b  

^a CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEMOGLOBIN;

ANEMIA; ARTICLE; BED NET; CHILD; CHILD NUTRITION; DEMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DISEASE SEVERITY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; GROUPS BY AGE; HEALTH CARE FACILITY; HOUSEHOLD; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; MALARIA CONTROL; MALARIA RAPID TEST; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; UGANDA; WATER SUPPLY; COMPLICATION; SOCIOECONOMICS;

ANEMIA; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBINS; HUMANS; INFANT; MALARIA; MALE; PREVALENCE; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UGANDA;

EID: 84941656508     PISSN: 00029637     EISSN: 14761645     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0102     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M, Wulf SK, Johns N, Lozano R, Regan M, Weatherall D, Chou DP, Eisele TP, Flaxman SR, Pullan RL, Brooker SJ, Murray CJ, 2014. A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood 123: 615-624.
2. Balarajan Y, Ramakrishnan U, Ozaltin E, Shankar AH, Subramanian SV, 2011. Anaemia in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet 378: 2123-2135.
3. Stevens GA, Finucane MM, De-Regil LM, Paciorek CJ, Flaxman SR, Branca F, Peña-Rosas JP, Bhutta ZA, Ezzati M, 2013. Global, regional, and national trends in haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of total and severe anaemia in children and pregnant and non-pregnant women for 1995-2011: A systematic analysis of population-representative data. The Lancet Global Health 1: e16-e25.
4. Cornet M, Le Hesran JY, Fievet N, Cot M, Personne P, Gounoue R, Beyeme M, Deloron P, 1998. Prevalence of and risk factors for anemia in young children in southern Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58: 606-611.
5. Egbi G, Steiner-Asiedu M, Kwesi FS, Ayi I, Ofosu W, Setorglo J, Klobodu SS, Armar-Klemesu M, 2014. Anaemia among school children older than five years in the Volta Region of Ghana. Pan Afr Med J 17 (Suppl 1): 10.
6. Foote EM, Sullivan KM, Ruth LJ, Oremo J, Sadumah I, Williams TN, Suchdev PS, 2013. Determinants of anemia among preschool children in rural, western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 757-764.
7. Pasricha SR, Drakesmith H, Black J, Hipgrave D, Biggs BA, 2013. Control of iron deficiency anemia in low-and middle-income countries. Blood 121: 2607-2617.
8. Zimmermann MB, Hurrell RF, 2007. Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet 370: 511-520.
9. Idjradinata P, Pollitt E, 1993. Reversal of developmental delays in iron-deficient anaemic infants treated with iron. Lancet 341: 1-4.
10. Low M, Farrell A, Biggs B-A, Pasricha S-R, 2013. Effects of daily iron supplementation in primary-school-aged children: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. CMAJ 185: E791-E802.
11. Lozoff B, Brittenham GM, Wolf AW, McClish DK, Kuhnert PM, Jimenez E, Jimenez R, Mora LA, Gomez I, Krauskoph D, 1987. Iron deficiency anemia and iron therapy effects on infant developmental test performance. Pediatrics 79: 981-995.
12. Walter T, De Andraca I, Chadud P, Perales CG, 1989. Iron deficiency anemia: adverse effects on infant psychomotor development. Pediatrics 84: 7-17.
13. Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2001. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2000-2001. Calverton, MD: UBOS and ORC Macro.
14. Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2007. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2006. Calverton, MD: UBOS and Macro International Inc.
15. Abdalla S, Weatherall DJ, Wickramasinghe SN, Hughes M, 1980. The anaemia of P. falciparum malaria. Br J Haematol 46: 171-183.
16. Ehrhardt S, Burchard GD, Mantel C, Cramer JP, Kaiser S, Kubo M, Otchwemah RN, Bienzle U, Mockenhaupt FP, 2006. Malaria, anemia, and malnutrition in African children-defining intervention priorities. J Infect Dis 194: 108-114.
17. Price RN, Simpson JA, Nosten F, Luxemburger C, Hkirjaroen L, ter Kuile F, Chongsuphajaisiddhi T, White NJ, 2001. Factors contributing to anemia after uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65: 614-622.
18. Vanbuskirk KM, Ofosu A, Kennedy A, Denno DM, 2014. Pediatric anemia in rural Ghana: A cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors. J Trop Pediatr 60: 308-317.
19. Okello PE, Van Bortel W, Byaruhanga AM, Correwyn A, Roelants P, Talisuna A, D'alessandro U, Coosemans M, 2006. Variation in malaria transmission intensity in seven sites throughout Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 219-225.
20. World Health Organization, 2013. World Malaria Report Programme GM. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
21. Ndyomugyenyi R, Kabatereine N, 2003. Integrated communitydirected treatment for the control of onchocerciasis, schistoso-miasis and intestinal helminths infections in Uganda: advantages and disadvantages. Trop Med Int Health 8: 997-1004.
22. Kabatereine NB, Tukahebwa EM, Kazibwe F, Twa-Twa JM, Barenzi JF, Zaramba S, Stothard JR, Fenwick A, Brooker S, Soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Uganda: epidemiology nd cost of control. Trop Med Int Health 10: 1187-1189.
23. Rowe AK, Steketee RW, Arnold F, Wardlaw T, Basu S, Bakyaita N, Lama M, Winston CA, Lynch M, Cibulskis RE, Shibuya K, Ratcliffe AA, Nahlen BL, 2007. Viewpoint: evaluating the impact of malaria control efforts on mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Trop Med Int Health 12: 1524-1539.
24. Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2010. 2009 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey. Calverton, MD: UBOS and ORC Macro.
25. Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2002. The 2002 Uganda Population and Housing Census, Population Size and Distribution, October 2006, Kampala, Uganda.
26. Gwatkin DR, Rutstein S, Johnson K, Pande RP, Wagstaff A, 2000. Socio-economic Differences in Health, Nutrition and Poverty. Washington, DC: HNP/Poverty Thematic Group of the World Bank.
27. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 1989. CDC criteria for anemia in children and childbearing-aged women. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 38: 400-404.
28. Sullivan KM, Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn L, Parvanta I, 2008. Haemoglobin adjustments to define anaemia. Trop Med Int Health 13: 1267-1271.
29. Howard RJ, Uni S, Aikawa M, Aley SB, Leech JH, Lew AM, Wellems TE, Rener J, Taylor DW, 1986. Secretion of a malarial histidine-rich protein (Pf HRP II) from Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. J Cell Biol 103: 1269-1277.
30. ®: A new, inexpensive and reliable rapid test for P. falciparum malaria. Trop Med Int Health 6: 99-101.
31. McMorrow ML, Masanja MI, Kahigwa E, Abdulla SMK, Kachur SP, 2010. Quality assurance of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in routine patient care in rural Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 151-155.
32. Government of Uganda, Ministry of Health, Malaria Control Programme, 2005. Management of uncomplicated malaria. 3rd edition. A practical Guide for Health Workers.
33. Bursac Z, Gauss CH, Williams DK, Hosmer DW, 2008. Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression. Source Code Biol Med 3: 17.
34. World Health Organization, 2001. Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention, and Control. A Guide for Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
35. Deribew A, Birhanu Z, Sena L, Dejene T, Reda AA, Sudhakar M, Alemseged F, Tessema F, Zeynudin A, Biadgilign S, Deribe K, 2012. The effect of household heads training about the use of treated bed nets on the burden of malaria and anaemia in under-five children: A cluster randomized trial in Ethiopia. Malar J 11: 8.
36. Korenromp EL, Armstrong-Schellenberg JR, Williams BG, Nahlen BL, Snow RW, 2004. Impact of malaria control on childhood anaemia in Africa - A quantitative review. Trop Med Int Health 9: 1050-1065.
37. Terlouw DJ, Morgah K, Wolkon A, Dare A, Dorkenoo A, Eliades MJ, Vanden Eng J, Sodahlon YK, ter Kuile FO, Hawley WA, 2010. Impact of mass distribution of free long-lasting insec-ticidal nets on childhood malaria morbidity: the Togo National Integrated Child Health Campaign. Malar J 9: 199.
38. West PA, Protopopoff N, Wright A, Kivaju Z, Tigererwa R, Mosha FW, Kisinza W, Rowland M, Kleinschmidt I, 2014. Indoor residual spraying in combination with insecticide-treated nets compared to insecticide-treated nets alone for protection against malaria: A cluster randomised trial in Tanzania. PLoS Med 11: e1001630.
39. Mharakurwa S, Mutambu SL, Mberikunashe J, Thuma PE, Moss WJ, Mason PR, 2013. Changes in the burden of malaria following scale up of malaria control interventions in Mutasa District, Zimbabwe. Malar J 12: 223.
40. Stoltzfus RJMI, Black RE, 2004. Iron deficiency anemia. Ezzati MLA, Rodgers A, Murray CJL, eds. Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attribution to Slected Major Risk Factors. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 163-209.
41. Stoltzfus RJ, 2003. Iron deficiency: global prevalence and consequences. Food Nutr Bull 24: S99-S103.
42. Prentice AM, 2008. Iron metabolism, malaria, and other infections: what is all the fuss about? J Nutr 138: 2537-2541.
43. Prentice AM, Cox SE, 2012. Iron and malaria interactions: research needs from basic science to global policy. Adv Nutr 3: 583-591.
44. Stoltzfus RJ, 2008. Research needed to strengthen science and programs for the control of iron deficiency and its consequences in young children. J Nutr 138: 2542-2546.
45. Sazawal S, Black RE, Ramsan M, Chwaya HM, Stoltzfus RJ, Dutta A, Dhingra U, Kabole I, Deb S, Othman MK, Kabole FM, 2006. Effects of routine prophylactic supplementation with iron and folic acid on admission to hospital and mortality in preschool children in a high malaria transmission setting: community-based, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 367: 133-143.
46. World Health Organization, 2007. Conclusions and recommendations of the WHO Consultation on prevention and control of iron deficiency in infants and young children in malaria-endemic areas. Food Nutr Bull 28: S621-S627.
47. Esan MO, van Hensbroek MB, Nkhoma E, Musicha C, White SA, Ter Kuile FO, Phiri KS, 2013. Iron supplementation in HIV-infected Malawian children with anemia: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 57: 1626-1634.
48. Gwamaka M, Kurtis JD, Sorensen BE, Holte S, Morrison R, Mutabingwa TK, Fried M, Duffy PE, 2012. Iron deficiency protects against severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria and death in young children. Clin Infect Dis 54: 1137-1144.
49. Suchdev PS, Leeds IL, McFarland DA, Flores R, 2010. Is it time to change guidelines for iron supplementation in malarial areas? J Nutr 140: 875-876.
50. Ojukwu JU, Okebe JU, Yahav D, Paul M, 2009. Oral iron supplementation for preventing or treating anaemia among children in malaria-endemic areas. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD006589.
51. Okebe JU, Yahav D, Shbita R, Paul M, 2011. Oral iron supplements for children in malaria-endemic areas. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD006589.
52. Menendez C, Kahigwa E, Hirt R, Vounatsou P, Aponte JJ, Font F, Acosta CJ, Schellenberg DM, Galindo CM, Kimario J, Urassa H, Brabin B, Smith TA, Kitua AY, Tanner M, Alonso PL, 1997. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of iron supplementation and malaria chemoprophylaxis for prevention of severe anaemia and malaria in Tanzanian infants. Lancet 350: 844-850.
53. Mebrahtu T, Stoltzfus RJ, Chwaya HM, Jape JK, Savioli L, Montresor A, Albonico M, Tielsch JM, 2004. Low-dose daily iron supplementation for 12 months does not increase the prevalence of malarial infection or density of parasites in young Zanzibari children. J Nutr 134: 3037-3041.
54. Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2012. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Calverton, MD: UBOS and ORC Macro.