Electronic cigarettes: Assessing the efficacy and the adverse effects through a systematic review of published studies

Journal of Public Health (United Kingdom)

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 488-497

  Gualano, Maria Rosaria ^a   Passi, Stefano ^a   Bert, Fabrizio ^a   La Torre, Giuseppe ^b   Scaioli, Giacomo ^a   Siliquini, Roberta ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

^b SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

e cigarette; efficacy; electronic device; safety; smoking; tobacco

Indexed keywords

ADVERSE EFFECTS; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMAN; PSYCHOLOGY; SMOKING;

ADVERSE EFFECTS; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMANS; PSYCHOLOGY; SMOKING;

EID: 84941643542     PISSN: 17413842     EISSN: 17413850     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdu055     Document Type: Review

References (31)

1. Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Morjaria JB, et al. Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e-Cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation: a prospective 6-month pilot study. BMC Public Health. 2011; 11:786.
2. Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, et al. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors. BMJ. 2004; 328(7455):1519.
3. US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking-50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2014.
4. Hughes JR, Keely J, Naud S. Shape of the relapse curve and long-Term abstinence among untreated smokers. Addiction. 2004; 99(1):29-38.
5. Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Cibella F, et al. EffiCiency and Safety of an eLectronic cigAreTte (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarettes substitute: a prospective 12-month randomized control design study. PLoS One. 2013; 8(6):e66317.
6. Fiore MC, Jaen CR, Baker TB, et al. Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update US Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline executive summary. Respir Care. 2008; 53(9):1217-22.
7. Casella G, Caponnetto P, Polosa R. Therapeutic advances in the treatment of nicotine addiction: present and future. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2010; 1(3):95-106.
8. King BA, Alam S, Promoff G, et al. Awareness and ever-use of electronic cigarettes among US adults, 2010-2011. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013; 15(9):1623-7.
9. US Department of Health and Human Services website (FDA). Summary of Results: Laboratory Analysis of Electronic Cigarettes Conducted by FDA. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Public HealthFocus/ucm173146.htm (November2013, date last accessed
10. Etter JF, Bullen C, Flouris AD, et al. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: a research agenda. Tob Control. 2011; 20(3):243-8.
11. Capasso L, Gualano MR, Flacco ME, et al. E-cigarette regulations in Italy: fluctuating and confusing. Lancet. 2014; 383(9932): 1883.
12. Yamin CK, Bitton A, Bates DW. E-cigarettes: a rapidly growing Internet phenomenon. Ann Intern Med. 2010; 153(9):607-9.
13. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Prisma Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-Analyses: the PRISMA Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 151:264-9.
14. Bullen C, McRobbie H, Thornley S, et al. Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e cigarette) on desire to smoke and withdrawal, user preferences and nicotine delivery: randomised cross-over trial. Tob Control. 2010; 19(2):98-103.
15. Dawkins L, Turner J, Hasna S, et al. The electronic-cigarette: effects on desire to smoke, withdrawal symptoms and cognition. Addict Behav. 2012; 37(8):970-3.
16. Flouris AD, Poulianiti KP, Chorti MS, et al. Acute effects of electronic and tobacco cigarette smoking on complete blood count. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012; 50(10):3600-3.
17. Vardavas CI, Anagnostopoulos N, Kougias M, et al. Short-Term pulmonary effects of using an electronic cigarette: impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide. Chest. 2012; 141(6):1400-6.
18. Bullen C, Howe C, Laugesen M, et al. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2013; 382: 1629-37.
19. Vansickel AR, Cobb CO, Weaver MF, et al. A clinical laboratory model for evaluating the acute effects of electronic " cigarettes": nicotine delivery profile and cardiovascular and subjective effects. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010; 19(8):1945-53.
20. Eissenberg T. Electronic nicotine delivery devices: ineffective nicotine delivery and craving suppression after acute administration. Tob Control. 2010; 19(1):87-8.
21. Vansickel AR, Weaver MF, Eissenberg T. Clinical laboratory assessment of the abuse liability of an electronic cigarette. Addiction. 2012; 107(8):1493-500.
22. Vansickel AR, Eissenberg T. Electronic cigarettes: effective nicotine delivery after acute administration. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013; 15(1):267-70.
23. Caponnetto P, Auditore R, Russo C, et al. Impact of an electronic cigarette on smoking reduction and cessation in schizophrenic smokers: a prospective 12-month pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013; 10(2):446-61.
24. Wells G, Shea B, O'Connell J, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta-Analysis. Oxford, UK, July 3-5, 2000.
25. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials. 1996; 17:1-12.
26. Konstantinos E, Farsalinos MD, Polosa R. Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014; 5(2):67-86.
27. Ficarra MG, Gualano MR, Capizzi S, et al. Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge and attitudes among Italian hospital healthcare professionals. Eur J Public Health. 2011; 21(1):29-34.
28. La Torre G, Kirch W, Bes-Rastrollo M, et al. Tobacco use among medical students in Europe: results of a multicentre study using the Global Health Professions Student Survey. Public Health. 2012; 126(2):159-64.
29. Gualano MR, Siliquini R, Manzoli L, et al. Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, and tobacco cessation training among medical students: results of a pilot study of Global Health Professions Students Survey (GHPSS) in Italy. Z Gesundh Wiss. 2012; 20(1):89-94.
30. Gualano MR, Bontempi C, Saulle R, et al. Validation of the global health professions students survey questionnaire in Italy. Italian J Public Health. 2011; 8(4):392-8.
31. Manzoli L, La Vecchia C, Flacco ME, et al. Multicentric cohort study on the long-Term efficacy and safety of electronic cigarettes: study design and methodology. BMC Public Health, 2013; 13:883.