'Alternate' globalities? On the cultures and formats of transnational Muslim networks from South Asia

Studies in Global Social History

Volumn 4, Issue , 2010, Pages 293-334

  Reetz, Dietrich ^a  

^a ZENTRUM MODERNER ORIENT   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84941027720     PISSN: 18746705     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1163/ej.9789004181168.i-452.83     Document Type: Review

References (133)

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2. Anthony Giddens, The Consequences of Modernity (Cambridge, 1990), p. 64.
3. Martin Shaw, Theory of the Global State: Globality as Unfinished Revolution (Oxford, 2000).
4. Cf. Roman Loimeier, Die islamische Welt als Netzwerk: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Netzwerkansatzes im islamischen Kontext (Würzburg, 2000).
5. For the concept of translocality as a research perspective, see Ulrike Freitag and Achim von Oppen, "Translokalität als ein Zugang zur Geschichte globaler Verflechtungen", H-Soz-u-Kult (June 10, 2005), http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin. de/forum/id= 632&type=artikel&sort=datum&order=down&search=translokalit%C3%A4 (accessed July 2006, 18), and introduction to this volume.
6. Cf. Dietrich Reetz, Islam in the Public Sphere: Religious Groups in India 1900-1947 (Delhi, 2006).
7. Miriam Cooke and Bruce B. Lawrence, eds., Muslim Networks from Medieval Scholars to Modern Feminist (Delhi, 2005);
8. Martin van Bruinessen and Julia Day Howell, Sufism and the "Modern" in Islam (London, 2007).
9. W. W. Hunter, Our Indian Mussalmans: Are They Bound in Conscience to Rebel Against the Queen? (London, 1871).
10. Barbara Metcalf, Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860-1900 (Princeton, 1982);
11. Reetz, Islam in the Public Sphere, p. 64f.
12. Muhammad Khalid Masud, Travellers in Faith: Studies of the Tablighi Jama'at as a Transnational Islamic Movement for Faith Renewal (Leiden, 2000);
13. Reetz, Islam in the Public Sphere, p. 75f.
14. Usha Sanyal, Devotional Islam and Politics in British India: Ahmed Riza Khan Barelvi and his Movement, 1870-1920 (Delhi, 1996).
15. Reetz, Islam in the Public Sphere, p. 64f.
16. Martin Riexinger, Sanaullah Amritsari (1868-1948) und die Ahl-i-Hadis im Punjab unter britischer Herrschaft (Würzburg, 2004);
17. idem, "How Favourable is Puritan Islam to Modernity? A Study of the Ahl-i Hadi¯s in Late Nineteenth/Early Twentieth Century South Asia", in Colonialism, Modernity, and Religious Identities: Religious Reform Movements in South Asia, ed. Gwilym Beckerlegge (New Delhi, 2008), pp. 147-165.
18. Dietrich Reetz, "Kenntnisreich und unerbittlich: der sunnitische Radikalismus der Ahl-i Hadith in Südasien", in Sendungsbewuβtsein oder Eigennutz: Zu Motivation und Selbstverständnis islamischer Mobilisierung, ed. idem (Berlin, 2001), pp. 79-106.
19. Yohanan Friedmann, Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and its Medieval Background (Berkeley, 1989), p. 28;
20. Simon Ross Valentine, Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice (New York, 2008).
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22. Cf. Aziz Ahmad and Gustav von Grunebaum, eds., Muslim Self-statement in India and Pakistan 1857-1968 (Wiesbaden, 1970), pp. 25-48.
23. David Lelyveld, Aligarh's First Generation: Muslim Solidarity in British India (Delhi, 1996 [1978]).
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25. Reetz, Islam in the Public Sphere.
26. Crispin Bates, ed., Community, Empire, and Migration: South Asians in Diaspora (New York, 2001).
27. The Chairman of the High Level Committee on the Indian Diaspora, Dr. L. M. Singhvi, at a media briefing on 1 November 2002: "I have often said that the Sun never sets on the Indian diaspora from Fiji to Canada around the world." At http://www.meaindia.nic.in/mediainteraction/2002/11/01m01.htm (accessed 17 June 2008).
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29. Hansen, Thomas Blom, "'We are Arabs from Gujarat!' The Purification of Muslim Identity in Contemporary South Africa", RAU Sociology Seminar Series (Edinburgh, February 14, 2003), http://www.ukzn. ac.za/CCS/default.asp?3, 28, 10, 900 (accessed June 24, 2009).
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32. Roman Loimeier, "Patterns and Peculiarities of Islamic Reform in Africa", Journal of Religion in Africa 33, 3(2003), 237-262;
33. Reinhard Schulze, Islamischer Internationalismus im 20. Jahrhundert: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Islamischen Weltliga (Leiden, 1990).
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35. A. Merad, Hamid Algar, N. Berkes and Aziz Ahmad, "Isla¯h", in Encyclopaedia of Islam 2, 4 (Leiden, 1990), pp. 141-171.
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37. Werner Ende, Udo Steinbach and Renate Laut, der Islam in der Gegenwart (München, 2005);
38. Fritz Steppat and Thomas Scheffler, Islam als Partner: Islamkundliche Aufsätze 1944-1996, (Beiruter Texte und Studien) 78 (Würzburg, 2001).
39. Reetz, Islam in the Public Sphere, pp. 316-318.
40. http://darululoom-deoband.com/english/books/index.htm (accessed November 4, 2008).
41. A site-related search on Google reveals 18 such references: http://www.google.com/s earch?hl=de&q=thanwi+site%3Ajamiat.co.za&btnG=Suche&lr= (accessed November 4, 2008).
42. See the Deobandi Darul 'Ulum in Holcombe, UK, on the website of which it appears in numerous references: http://www.inter-islam.org/Biographies/biohazrtshykhtm, http://www.inter-islam.org/Actions/ir105.html (accessed November 11, 2008).
43. See also the Islamic bookshop trading in reformist literature at http://darulishaat.co.uk and http://www.iqra.org (accessed November 11, 2008).
44. http://alhaadi.org.za//index.php?option=com-content&task=view&id=257&Ite mid=33 (accessed November 4, 2008).
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46. http://www.mjah.org/AboutMJAH/AimsandObjectives/tabid/60/Default.aspx (accessed November 11, 2008).
47. Nasr, Mawdudi.
48. Imtiaz Ahmad and Helmut Reifeld, eds., Lived Islam in South Asia: Adaptation, Accommodation and Conflict (Delhi, 2004);
49. Magnus Marsden, Living Islam: Muslim Religious Experience in Pakistan's North-West Frontier (Cambridge, 2005).
50. Martin Albrow, John Eade, Jörg Dürrschmidt and Neil Washbourne, "The Impact of Globalization on Sociological Concepts: Community, Culture and Milieu", in Living the Global City: Globalization as a Local Process, ed. John Eade (London, 1997), p. 30.
51. Albrow et al., "Impact of Globalization";
52. Max Scheler and Maria Scheler, der Formalismus in der Ethik und die materiale Wertethik (Bern, 1966), pp. 148-172.
53. Albrow et al., "Impact of Globalization", p. 31.
54. Abdool Karim Vakil, "Do Outro ao Diverso: Islão e Muçulmanos em Portugal: História, discursos, Identidades", Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões 3, 5/6(2004), 283-312, http://cienciareligioes.ulusofona.pt/arquivo-religioes/religioes5-6/pdf/283-312Vakil.pdf (accessed October 4, 2008), p. 306.
55. http://www.ummah.net/forum/showthread.php?t=23542 (accessed November 4, 2008).
56. Cf. www.iqrafoundation.com for the US branch and its publishing house http://www.iqra.org (accessed November 4, 2008).
57. Cf. Dietrich Reetz, "Sufi Spirituality Fires Reformist Zeal: The Tablighi Jamaa't in Today's India and Pakistan", Archives de Sciences Sociales des Religions 135(2006), 33-52.
58. Some of these links are owed to Martin Riexinger, South Asian Islam: Worldwide Movements and Organisations Centered in South Asia, Collection of Internet links, n. d., http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~mriexin/sasislam.html (accessed November 11, 2008);
59. http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~mriexin/sasislam.html (accessed November 4, 2008).
60. http://www.wimuk.com (accessed November 11, 2008).
61. http://www.wimuk.com (accessed November 11, 2008).
62. Vakil, "Do Outro ao Diverso", p. 306 (accessed November 11, 2008).
63. http://aleemsiddique.org.sg/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
64. http://www.noori.org/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
65. See, http://www.dawateislami.net.
66. Cf. Thomas Gugler, "Parrots of Paradise, Symbols of the Super-Muslim: Sunnah, Sunnaization and Self-Fashioning in the Islamic Missionary Movements Tablighi-i Jama'at, Da'wat-e Islami and Sunni Da'wat-e Islami", Paper presented at the 20th European Conference of Modern South Asian Studies, Manchester University, July 9, 2008.
67. See, http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/savifadok/volltexte/2008/142/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
68. The group's website, http://www.minhaj.org/, calls itself proudly "Minhaj-ul-Qur'an International."
69. http://www.pat.com.pk/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
70. Pakistan Awami Tehreek, Putting People First: [Election] Manifesto 2002 (Lahore, September 2, 2009), p. 6, http://pat.com.pk/campaign/20020902-pat-manifesto.pdf (accessed October, 26, 2008).
71. http://www.ahmed-deedat.co.za (accessed October 26, 2008).
72. http://www.ahlehadith.co.uk (accessed October 26, 2008).
73. http://www.jdci.org (accessed October 26, 2008).
74. http://www.youtube.com/user/NoorTV9 (accessed November 4, 2009).
75. Cf. its official website: http://www.alislam.org (accessed October 26, 2008).
76. Simon Ross Valentine, Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama'at: History, Belief, Practice (New York, 2008), p. 77.
77. Cf. Pakistan Penal Code, at http://www.punjabpolice.gov. pk/user-files/File/pakistan-penal-code-xlv-of-1860.pdf (accessed August 15, 2008).
78. Simon Ross Valentine, Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama'at.
79. Cf. its official website: http://www.muslim.org (accessed October 26, 2008).
80. Cf. Farish Noor, "The Uncertain Fate of Southeast Asian Students in the Madrasas of Pakistan", in The Madrasa in Asia: Political Activism and Transnational Linkages, eds. Farish A. Noor, Yoginder Sikand and Martin van Bruinessen (Amsterdam, 2008), pp. 141-162.
81. http://www.ukim.org (accessed October 26, 2008).
82. http://www.islamic-foundation.org.uk (accessed October 26, 2008).
83. Cf. the university's website at http://www.iiu.edu.pk (accessed October 26, 2008).
84. http://my.iiu.edu.pk/Academies/Shariah/tabid/326/Default.aspx (accessed October 26, 2008).
85. http://my.iiu.edu.pk/Academies/Dawah/tabid/318/Default.aspx (accessed October 26, 2008).
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90. Irfan A. Omar, "Self-Reform or Missionary Work? The Al-Risala Movement's 'Moral Revolution' of the 21st Century", Paper presented at 19th European Conference of Modern South Asian Studies, Leiden, 2006; www.milligazette.com/Archives/01032002/0103200280.htm (accessed November 10, 2008).
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92. www.alrisala.org (accessed November 10, 2008).
93. Omid Safi, Progressive Muslims: On Justice, Gender and Pluralism (Oxford, 2003);
94. Farid Esack, Qur'an, Liberation & Pluralism: An Islamic Perspective of Interreligious Solidarity against Oppression (Oxford, 1997);
95. idem, On Being a Muslim: Finding a Religious Path in the World Today (Oxford, 1999);
96. Manfred Sing, Progressiver Islam in Theorie und Praxis: Die interne Kritik am hegemonialen islamischen Diskurs durch den "roten Scheich" 'Abda¯llah al-'Ala¯yili¯ (1914-1996) (Würzburg, 2007).
97. Nina Clara Tiesler, Muslime in Europa: Religion und Identitätspolitiken unter veränderten gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen, (Politik & Kultur) 8 (Münster, 2006), p. 140.
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106. http://www.naqshbandiaowaisiah.com/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
107. http://www.spiritualfoundation. net/sufisshaykhs6.htm#111011443 (accessed November 11, 2008).
108. http://www.iiu.edu.my/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
109. http://www.iiu.edu.my/istac/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
110. Cf. Abdulkader Tayob, "Modern Islamic Intellectual History in Comparative Perspective", ISIM Review 17, 40(2006), 63ff.
111. For a listing of websites, authors and organizations discussing or promoting liberal themes in relation to Islam, cf. the website compiled by Charles Kurzman, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (http://www.unc.edu/~kurzman/Liberal-IslamLinks.htm) (accessed November 11, 2008).
112. http://www.icipglobal.org/index.php?option=com-content&task=view&id=28&Itemid=70 (accessed November 11, 2008).
113. http://www.just-international.org/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
114. http://www.positivemuslims.org.za/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
115. Charles Kurzman, Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook (New York, 1998).
116. http://www.ams-uk.org/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
117. Chanfi Ahmed, "The Wahubiri wa Kislamu (Preachers of Islam) in East Africa", Africa Today 54, 4(2008), 3-18.
118. Ahmed, "The Wahubiri wa Kislamu."
119. Cf. the websites featuring the Sufi hospice run by Akhtar: http://www.voiceofkhan qah.com/ (accessed November 11, 2008), www.khanqah.org;
120. and a blog of his followers: http://www.khanqahakhteria.blogspot.com/ (accessed November 11, 2008).
121. http://www.findthetruth.uni.cc (accessed November 11, 2008; defunct in November 2009).
122. Dietrich Reetz, "Keeping Busy on the Path of Allah: The Self-organisation (intizam) of the Tablighi Jama'at", Oriente Moderno 23, 1(2004), 295-305.
123. Cf. Roger Finke, Avery M. Guest and Rodney Stark, "Mobilizing Local Religious Markets: Religious Pluralism in the Empire State, 1855 to 1865", American Sociological Review 61(1996), 203-218;
124. James D. Montgomery, "A Formalization and Test of the Religious Economies Model", American Sociological Review 168(2003), 782-809.
125. http://www.minhaj.org/ (accessed November 4, 2009).
126. Bulent Aras and Omer Caha, "Fethullah Gulen and his Liberal 'Turkish Islam' Movement", Middle East Review of International Affairs 4, 4 (2000).
127. See, for example, the monthly of the higher Islamic college, Darul-Ulum Deoband, coming out in Urdu since 1941 and reproduced on the website of the school at http://www.darululoom-deoband.com/urdu/magazine/index.php (accessed November 11, 2008).
128. Dale Eickelman and Jon W. Anderson, eds., New Media in the Muslim World: The Emerging Public Sphere (Bloomington, 1999).
129. http://www.ahmed-deedat.co.za (accessed November 11, 2008).
130. http://islamicresearchfoundation.com (accessed November 11, 2008).
131. Its website http://www.qtvonline.com/is not filled with content yet (accessed November 4, 2009).
132. http://www.arydigital.tv (accessed November 11, 2008).
133. Homi K. Bhabha, The Location of Culture (London, 1994).