Nonmedical prescription stimulant use among youth in the emergency department: Prevalence, severity and correlates

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 21-27

  Whiteside, Lauren K ^a   Cunningham, Rebecca M ^b,e   Bonar, Erin E ^b,c   Blow, Frederic ^b,c,d   Ehrlich, Peter ^b   Walton, Maureen A ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

^d VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Emergency medicine; Nonmedical prescription stimulant use; Substance abuse; Violence; Young adults

Indexed keywords

AMPHETAMINE PLUS DEXAMPHETAMINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT; COCAINE; CORICIDIN; DEXAMPHETAMINE; DEXTROMETHORPHAN; METHYLPHENIDATE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CANNABIS SMOKING; DATING VIOLENCE; EMERGENCY CARE; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; HUMAN; JUVENILE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SUBSTANCE USE; DRUG MISUSE; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; PREVALENCE; RISK; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; VIOLENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PRESCRIPTION DRUG MISUSE; PREVALENCE; RISK; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; VIOLENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84940297487     PISSN: 07405472     EISSN: 18736483     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2014.05.003     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Ali R., Awwad E., Babor T.F., Bradley F., Butau T., Farrell M., et al. The alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST): Development, reliability and feasibility. Addiction 2002, 97(9):1183-1194.
2. Arria A.M., Caldeira K.M., O'Grady K.E., Vincent K.B., Johnson E.P., Wish E.D. Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants among college students: Associations with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and polydrug use. Pharmacotherapy 2008, 28(2):156-169. 10.1592/phco.28.2.156.
3. Arria A.M., Wilcox H.C., Caldeira K.M., Vincent K.B., Garnier-Dykstra L.M., O'Grady K.E. Dispelling the myth of "smart drugs": Cannabis and alcohol use problems predict nonmedical use of prescription stimulants for studying. Addictive Behaviors 2013, 38(3):1643-1650. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.10.002.
4. Bearman P.S., Jones J., Udry J.R. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health: Research Design 1997, (2005, from http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth).
5. Bonar E.E., Cunningham R.M., Chermack S.T., Blow F.C., Barry K.L., Booth B.M., et al. Prescription drug misuse and sexual risk behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults. Journal on the Study of Alcohol and Drugs 2014, 75(3):259-268.
6. Boyd C.J., McCabe S.E., Cranford J.A., Young A. Prescription drug abuse and diversion among adolescents in a southeast Michigan school district. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2007, 161(3):276-281. 10.1001/archpedi.161.3.276.
7. Brener N.D., Billy J.O., Grady W.R. Assessment of factors affecting the validity of self-reported health-risk behavior among adolescents: Evidence from the scientific literature. Journal of Adolescent Health 2003, 33(6):436-457.
8. Bryner J.K., Wang U.K., Hui J.W., Bedodo M., MacDougall C., Anderson I.B. Dextromethorphan abuse in adolescence-An increasing trend: 1999-2004. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2006, 160(12):1217-1222. 10.1001/archpedi.160.12.1217.
9. Buchan B.J., Dennis M.L., Tims F.M., Diamond G.S. Cannabis use: Consistency and validity of self-report, on-site urine testing and laboratory testing. Addiction 2002, 97(SUPPL. 1):98-108.
10. Bush K., Kivlahan D.R., McDonell M.B., Fihn S.D., Bradley K.A. The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C): An effective brief screening test for problem drinking. Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project (ACQUIP). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Archives of Internal Medicine 1998, 158(16):1789-1795.
11. Carroll B.C., Raj A., Noel S.E., Bauchner H. Dating violence among adolescents presenting to a pediatric emergency department. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2011, 165(12):1101-1106. 10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.191.
12. Chermack S.T., Giancola P.R. The relation between alcohol and aggression: An integrated biopsychosocial conceptualization. Clinical Psychology Review 1997, 17(6):621-649.
13. Chermack S.T., Grogan-Kaylor A., Perron B.E., Murray R.L., De Chavez P., Walton M.A. Violence among men and women in substance use disorder treatment: A multi-level event-based analysis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2010, 112(3):194-200. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.06.005.
14. Chermack S.T., Murray R.L., Walton M.A., Booth B.A., Wryobeck J., Blow F.C. Partner aggression among men and women in substance use disorder treatment: Correlates of psychological and physical aggression and injury. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2008, 98(1-2):35-44. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.010.
15. Chermack S.T., Walton M.A., Beyer J., Porter K., Blow F.C. Predictors of violence and victimization following substance use disorder treatment: The role of alcohol and cocaine use. Alcoholism, Clinical & Experimental Research 2010, 34(6):113a-113a.
16. Chirdkiatgumchai V., Xiao H., Fredstrom B.K., Adams R.E., Epstein J.N., Shah S.S., et al. National trends in psychotropic medication use in young children: 1994-2009. Pediatrics 2013, 132(4):615-623. 10.1542/peds.2013-1546.
17. Chun T.H., Spirito A., Hernandez L., Fairlie A.M., Sindelar-Manning H., Eaton C.A., et al. The significance of marijuana use among alcohol-using adolescent emergency department patients. Academic Emergency Medicine 2010, 17(1):63-71. 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00615.x.
18. Chung T., Colby S.M., Barnett N.P., Monti P.M. Alcohol use disorders identification test: Factor structure in an adolescent emergency department sample. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 2002, 26(2):223-231.
19. Cunningham R.M., Ranney M., Newton M., Woodhull W., Zimmerman M., Walton M.A. Characteristics of youth seeking emergency care for assault injuries. Pediatrics 2014, 133(1):e96-e105. 10.1542/peds.2013-1864.
20. Dennis M., Titus J.C., Diamond G., Donaldson J., Godley S.H., Tims F.M., et al. The Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) experiment: Rationale, study design and analysis plans. Addiction 2002, 97(SUPPL. 1):16-34.
21. DeSantis A.D., Webb E.M., Noar S.M. Illicit use of prescription ADHD medications on a college campus: A multimethodological approach. Journal of American College Health 2008, 56(3):315-323.
22. Epstein-Ngo Q.M., Cunningham R.M., Whiteside L.K., Chermack S.T., Booth B.M., Zimmerman M.A., et al. A daily calendar analysis of substance use and dating violence among high risk urban youth. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2013, 130(1-3):194-200. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.006.
23. Fortuna R.J., Robbins B.W., Caiola E., Joynt M., Halterman J.S. Prescribing of controlled medications to adolescents and young adults in the United States. Pediatrics 2010, 126(6):1108-1116. 10.1542/peds.2010-0791.
24. Gray T.A., Wish E.D. Substance Abuse Need for Treatment among Arrestees (SANTA) in Maryland 1998, Center for Substance Abuse Research, College Park, MD.
25. Jelalian E., Spirito A., Rasile D., Vinnick L., Rohrbeck C., Arrigan M. Risk taking, reported injury, and perception of future injury among adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1997, 22(4):513-531.
26. Jessor R. Risk behavior in adolescence: A psychosocial framework for understanding and action. Journal of Adolescent Health 1991, 12(8):597-605. (doi: 1054-139X(91)90007-K [pii]).
27. Johnston Lloyd D., O'Malley Patrick M., Miech R.A., Bachman Jerald G., Schulenberg J.E. Monitoring the future national results on adolescents drug use: 1975-2013 overview, key findings on adolescent drug use 2014, Institute for Social Resarch, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
28. Kroutil L.A., Van Brunt D.L., Herman-Stahl M.A., Heller D.C., Bray R.M., Penne M.A. Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants in the United States. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2006, 84(2):135-143. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.12.011.
29. Lankenau S.E., Schrager S.M., Silva K., Kecojevic A., Bloom J.J., Wong C., et al. Misuse of prescription and illicit drugs among high-risk young adults in Los Angeles and New York. Journal of Public Health Research 2012, 1(1):22-30.
30. McCabe S.E., Boyd C.J., Young A. Medical and nonmedical use of prescription drugs among secondary school students. Journal of Adolescent Health 2007, 40(1):76-83. 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.07.016.
31. McCabe S.E., Knight J.R., Teter C.J., Wechsler H. Non-medical use of prescription stimulants among US college students: Prevalence and correlates from a national survey. Addiction 2005, 100(1):96-106. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.00944.x.
32. McCabe S.E., Teter C.J., Boyd C.J. Medical use, illicit use and diversion of prescription stimulant medication. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 2006, 38(1):43-56.
33. McCabe S.E., West B.T., Teter C.J., Boyd C.J. Medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids among high school seniors in the United States. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2012, 166(9):797-802. 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.85.
34. McCabe S.E., West B.T., Teter C.J., Ross-Durow P., Young A., Boyd C.J. Characteristics associated with the diversion of controlled medications among adolescents. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2011, 118(2-3):452-458. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.004.
35. McCormick M.C., Kass B., Elixhauser A., Thompson J., Simpson L. Annual report on access to and utilization of health care for children and youth in the United States-1999. Pediatrics 2000, 105(1):219-230.
36. Miller A.R., Brehaut J.C., Raina P., McGrail K.M., Armstrong R.W. Use of medical services by methylphenidate-treated children in the general population. Ambulatory Pediatrics 2004, 4(2):174-180. 10.1367/A03-031R1.1.
37. Public Health Service and Health Care Financing Administration International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification 1998, Public Health Service, Washington, DC. 6th ed.
38. Ranney M.L., Walton M., Whiteside L., Epstein-Ngo Q., Patton R., Chermack S., et al. Correlates of depressive symptoms among at-risk youth presenting to the emergency department. General Hospital Psychiatry 2013, 35(5):537-544. 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.05.007.
39. Rockett I.R., Putnam S.L., Jia H., Chang C.F., Smith G.S. Unmet substance abuse treatment need, health services utilization, and cost: A population-based emergency department study. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2005, 45(2):118-127. 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.08.003.
40. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and health: Summary of National Findings 2012, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD, (Vol. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4713). NSDUH (Ed.).
41. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Drug Abuse Warning Network 2011: National Estimates of Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits 2013, (HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4760, DAWN Series D-39. Rockville, MD). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Ed.).
42. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Results from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Helath: Summary of National Findings 2013, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
43. Sweeney C.T., Sembower M.A., Ertischek M.D., Shiffman S., Schnoll S.H. Nonmedical use of prescription ADHD stimulants and preexisting patterns of drug abuse. Journal of Addictive Diseases 2013, 32(1):1-10. 10.1080/10550887.2012.759858.
44. Teter C.J., Falone A.E., Cranford J.A., Boyd C.J., McCabe S.E. Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants and depressed mood among college students: Frequency and routes of administration. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 2010, 38(3):292-298. 10.1016/j.jsat.2010.01.005.
45. Teter C.J., McCabe S.E., LaGrange K., Cranford J.A., Boyd C.J. Illicit use of specific prescription stimulants among college students: Prevalence, motives, and routes of administration. Pharmacotherapy 2006, 26(10):1501-1510. 10.1592/phco.26.10.1501.
46. Thornberry T.P., Krohn M.D. The self-report method of measuring delinquency and crime. Measurement and analysis of crime and justice: Criminal justice 2000 2000, 33-83. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Washington, DC. D. Duffee (Ed.).
47. United States Department of Health Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS), 1991-1994: [United States] 2010, (Retrieved from: http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02258.v5).
48. Walton M.A., Goldstein A.L., Chermack S.T., McCammon R.J., Cunningham R.M., Barry K.L., et al. Brief alcohol intervention in the emergency department: Moderators of effectiveness. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 2008, 69(4):550-560.
49. Whiteside L.K., Ranney M.L., Chermack S.T., Zimmerman M.A., Cunningham R.M., Walton M.A. The overlap of youth violence among aggressive adolescents with past-year alcohol use-A latent class analysis: Aggression and victimization in peer and dating violence in an inner city emergency department sample. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 2013, 74(1):125-135.
50. Whiteside L.K., Walton M.A., Bohnert A.S., Blow F.C., Bonar E.E., Ehrlich P. Nonmedical prescription opioid and sedative use among adolescents in the emergency department. Pediatrics 2013, 132(5):825-832. 10.1542/peds.2013-0721.
51. Whiteside L.K., Walton M.A., Stanley R., Resko S.M., Chermack S.T., Zimmerman M.A., et al. Dating aggression and risk behaviors among teenage girls seeking gynecologic care. Academic Emergency Medicine 2009, 16(7):632-638. 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00426.x.
52. Wilens T.E., Adler L.A., Adams J., Sgambati S., Rotrosen J., Sawtelle R., et al. Misuse and diversion of stimulants prescribed for ADHD: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2008, 47(1):21-31. 10.1097/chi.0b013e31815a56f1.
53. Wolfe D.A., Scott K., Reitzel-Jaffe D., Wekerle C., Grasley C., Straatman A.L. Development and validation of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory. Psychological Assessment 2001, 13(2):277-293.