Socio-economic status influences chronic kidney disease prevalence in primary care: A community-based cross-sectional analysis

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

Volumn 30, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 1010-1017

  So, Beng H ^a,b   Methven, Shona ^c   Hair, Mario D ^a   Jardine, Alan G ^b   MacGregor, Mark S ^a  

^a CROSSHOUSE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

chronic kidney disease; laboratory ascertainment; rurality; Scottish index of multiple deprivation; variation

Indexed keywords

CREATININE;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; CASE FINDING; CHRONIC DISEASE; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ESTIMATED GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; FEMALE; GENDER; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HEALTH CARE CONCEPTS; HEALTH CARE PRACTICE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATIENT; PATIENT TO GENERAL PRACTITIONER RATIO; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY CARE PRACTICE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGISTER; RURAL AREA; SOCIAL STATUS; ADOLESCENT; CLINICAL PRACTICE; KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST; MIDDLE AGED; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOCIAL CLASS; UNITED KINGDOM; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; COMMUNITY-BASED PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE; HUMANS; KIDNEY FUNCTION TESTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSICIAN'S PRACTICE PATTERNS; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCOTLAND; SOCIAL CLASS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84939642311     PISSN: 09310509     EISSN: 14602385     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu408     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. JAMA 2007; 298: 2038-2047
2. Gifford FJ, Methven S, Boag DE et al. Chronic kidney disease prevalence and secular trends in a UK population: the impact of MDRD and CKD-EPI formulae. QJM 2011; 104: 1045-1053
3. Stevens PE, O'Donoghue DJ, de Lusignan S et al. Chronic kidney disease management in the United Kingdom: NEOERICA project results. Kidney Int 2007; 72: 92-99
4. Kearns B, Gallagher H, de Lusignan S. Predicting the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the English population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 2013; 14: 49
5. Roth M, Roderick P, Mindell J. Kidney disease and renal function. In: Craig R, Hirani V (eds). Health Survey for England 2009. UK: The Information Centre for Health and Social Care, 2010, pp. 37-58
6. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1296-1305
7. Keith DS, Nichols GA, Gullion CM et al. Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 659
8. Levin A, Stevens PE. Early detection of CKD: the benefits, limitations and effects on prognosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2011; 7: 446-457
9. Stengel B, Metzger M, Froissart M et al. Epidemiology and prognostic significance of chronic kidney disease in the elderly-the Three-City Prospective Cohort Study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 3286-3295
10. Department of Health England. The National Service Framework for Renal Services - Part Two: Chronic Kidney Disease, Acute Renal Failure and End of Life Care. 2005. 03/02/2005;1
11. National Records of Scotland. 2011 Census: Key Results on Population, Ethnicity, Identity, Religion, Health, Housing and Accomodation in Scotland - Release 2A. 2013. http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release2a/StatsBulletin2A.pdf (15 February 2014, date last accessed)
12. Information Services Division Scotland. Quality and Outcomes Framework. 2013. http://www.isdscotland.org/Health-Topics/General-Practice/Quality-And-Outcomes-Framework/ (7 February 2014, date last accessed)
13. National Records of Scotland. Scotland's Census 2011: Table1. Census day usually resident population by single year of age and administrative area. 2013
14. Information Services Division Scotland. Practices and Their Populations (General Practice). http://www.isdscotland.org/Health-Topics/General-Practice/Workforce-and-Practice-Populations/Practices-and-Their-Populations/ (24 February 2014, date last accessed)
15. MacKenzie F. United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service for eGFR Estimations (Pilot). 2006. http://www.birminghamquality.org.uk/DLopen/GFR%20estimations.pdf (2 April 2014, date last accessed)
16. Levey A, Greene T, Kusek J et al. A simplified equation to predict glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11 (Suppl. 2): 155
17. Hunter R. eHealth Statistics. 2009. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Health/eHealthStatistics (2 April 2014, date last accessed)
18. Information Services Division Scotland. Quality and Outcomes Framework. 2012. http://www.isdscotland.org/health-topics/general-practice/qualityand-outcomes-framework/(15 December 2012, date last accessed)
19. Office of the Chief Statistician and Performance. Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation. 2012. http://simd.scotland.gov.uk/publication-2012/ (30 May 2014, date last accessed)
20. Scottish Government, Office of the Chief Statistician. Scottish Government 8-fold Urban Rural Classification 2009-10. 2010. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2010/08/2010UR (24 February 2014, date last accessed)
21. Coresh J, Astor BC, Greene T et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41: 1-12
22. Kee F, Reaney EA, Maxwell AP et al. Late referral for assessment of renal failure. J Epidemiol Community Health 2005; 59: 386-388
23. Roderick PJ, Atkins RJ, Smeeth L et al. Detecting chronic kidney disease in older people; what are the implications? Age Ageing 2008; 37: 179-186
24. De Lusignan S, Chan T, Gallagher H et al. Chronic kidney disease management in southeast England: a preliminary cross-sectional report from the QICKD - Quality Improvement in Chronic Kidney Disease Study. Primary Care Cardiovasc J 2009; 2 (SPEC. ISS.): 33-39
25. The Information Centre for Health and Social Care. Quality and Outcomes Framework. 2012. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/article/2021/Website-Search?productid=9046&q=ckd+prevalence+trends&sort=Relevance&size=10&page=1&area=both#top (16 December 2012, date last accessed)
26. South East Public Health Observatory. NHS Atlas of Variation in Healthcare: Ratio of Reported to Expected Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), by PCT, 2008/09. 2010. http://www.sepho.org.uk/extras/maps/NHSatlas/atlas.html (31 March 2014, date last accessed)
27. Solutions for Public Health. NHS Atlas of Variation: Kidney Disease, Ratio of Reported to Expected Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) by PCT, 2012/11. 2011. http://www.sepho.org.uk/extras/maps/NHSatlasKidney/atlas.html (31 March 2014, date last accessed)
28. Fored CM, Ejerblad E, Fryzek JP et al. Socio-economic status and chronic renal failure: a population-based case-control study in Sweden. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18: 82-88
29. Drey N, Roderick P, Mullee M et al. A population-based study of the incidence and outcomes of diagnosed chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42: 677-684
30. Bello AK, Peters J, Rigby J et al. Socioeconomic status and chronic kidney disease at presentation to a renal service in the United Kingdom. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 3: 1316-1323
31. Hossain MP, Palmer D, Goyder E et al. Social deprivation and prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the UK: workload implications for primary care. QJM 2012; 105: 167-175
32. Fraser SD, Roderick PJ, Aitken G et al. Chronic kidney disease, albuminuria and socioeconomic status in the Health Surveys for England 2009 and 2010. J Public Health (Oxf) 2014; 36: 577-586
33. de Lusignan S, Tomson C, Harris K et al. Creatinine fluctuation has a greater effect than the formula to estimate glomerular filtration rate on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Nephron 2011; 117: 213-224
34. Methven S. Predictors of renal and patient outcomes in chronic kidney disease. M.D. thesis. University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3655/1/2012MethvenMD.pdf (3 April 2014, date last accessed)
35. Karunaratne K, Stevens P, Irving J et al. The impact of pay for performance on the control of blood pressure in people with chronic kidney disease stage 3-5. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28: 2107-2116
36. Dhoul N, de Lusignan S, Dmitrieva O et al. Quality achievement and disease prevalence in primary care predicts regional variation in renal replacement therapy (RRT) incidence: an ecological study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 739-746
37. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: a National Clinical Guideline. 2008. http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign103.pdf (15 December 2013, date last accessed)
38. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Chronic Kidney Disease. National Clinical Guideline for Early Identification and Management in Adults in Primary and Secondary Care. 2008. http://www.nice.org.uk/cg73 (15 December 2013, date last accessed)
39. Maier W, Scheidt-Nave C, Holle R et al. Area level deprivation is an independent determinant of prevalent type 2 diabetes and obesity at the national level in Germany. Results from the national telephone health interview surveys 'German Health Update'GEDA 2009 and 2010. PloS ONE 2014; 9: e89661
40. Al-Qaoud TM, Nitsch D, Wells J et al. Socioeconomic status and reduced kidney function in the Whitehall II Study: role of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 2011; 58: 389-397
41. Walsh D, Bendel N, Jones R et al.It's not 'just deprivation': why do equally deprived UK cities experience different health outcomes? Public Health 2010; 124: 487-495