메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 708-731

Conservative forgetful scholars: How people learn causal structure through sequences of interventions

Author keywords

Active; Bayesian; Causal; Learning; Structure

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BAYES THEOREM; COMPUTER; CONCEPT FORMATION; DECISION MAKING; GAMBLING; HUMAN; INFORMATION SCIENCE; LEARNING; MEMORY; MIDDLE AGED; PROBABILITY; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84939636786     PISSN: 02787393     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/xlm0000061     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0026554483 scopus 로고
    • Working memory
    • January 31,
    • Baddeley, A. (1992, January 31). Working memory. Science, 255, 556-559. doi:10.1126/science.1736359
    • (1992) Science , vol.255 , pp. 556-559
    • Baddeley, A.1
  • 3
    • 0003182263 scopus 로고
    • Heuristics and biases in diagnostic reasoning: II. Congruence, information, and certainty
    • Baron, J., Beattie, J., & Hershey, J. C. (1988). Heuristics and biases in diagnostic reasoning: II. Congruence, information, and certainty. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 42, 88-110. doi: 10.1016/0749-5978(88)90021-0
    • (1988) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.42 , pp. 88-110
    • Baron, J.1    Beattie, J.2    Hershey, J.C.3
  • 6
    • 0039630447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From covariation to causation: A causal power theory
    • Cheng, P. W. (1997). From covariation to causation: A causal power theory. Psychological Review, 104, 367-405. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.104.2.367
    • (1997) Psychological Review , vol.104 , pp. 367-405
    • Cheng, P.W.1
  • 8
    • 84981263306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity
    • Cowan, N. (2001). The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 87-114. doi:10.1017/S0140525X01003922
    • (2001) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.24 , pp. 87-114
    • Cowan, N.1
  • 10
    • 38049120159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the number of experiments sufficient and in the worst case necessary to identify all causal relations among N variables
    • In F. Bacchus & T. Jaakkola (Eds), Arlington, VA: Association for Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence Press
    • st Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 177-184). Arlington, VA: Association for Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence Press.
    • (2005) st Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence , pp. 177-184
    • Eberhardt, F.1    Glymour, C.2    Scheines, R.3
  • 11
    • 0002168065 scopus 로고
    • Conservatism in human information processing
    • In B. Kleinmutz (Ed.), New York, NY: Wiley
    • Edwards, W. (1968). Conservatism in human information processing. In B. Kleinmutz (Ed.), Formal representation of human judgment (pp. 17-52). New York, NY: Wiley.
    • (1968) Formal representation of human judgment , pp. 17-52
    • Edwards, W.1
  • 15
    • 70350458126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory-based causal induction
    • Griffiths, T. L., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2009). Theory-based causal induction. Psychological Review, 116, 661-716. doi:10.1037/a0017201
    • (2009) Psychological Review , vol.116 , pp. 661-716
    • Griffiths, T.L.1    Tenenbaum, J.B.2
  • 17
    • 84866122019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-directed learning: A cognitive and computational perspective
    • Gureckis, T., & Markant, D. (2012). Self-directed learning: A cognitive and computational perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7, 464-481. doi:10.1177/1745691612454304
    • (2012) Perspectives on Psychological Science , vol.7 , pp. 464-481
    • Gureckis, T.1    Markant, D.2
  • 19
    • 0002643986 scopus 로고
    • The dip test of unimodality
    • Hartigan, J. A., & Hartigan, P. (1985). The dip test of unimodality. Annals of Statistics, 13, 70-84. doi:10.1214/aos/1176346577
    • (1985) Annals of Statistics , vol.13 , pp. 70-84
    • Hartigan, J.A.1    Hartigan, P.2
  • 20
    • 0002370418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tutorial on learning with Bayesian networks
    • In M. Jordan (Ed.), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Heckerman, D. (1998). A tutorial on learning with Bayesian networks. In M. Jordan (Ed.), Learning in graphical models (pp. 301-354). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (1998) Learning in graphical models , pp. 301-354
    • Heckerman, D.1
  • 21
    • 78650966866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal learning and inference as a rational process: The new synthesis
    • Holyoak, K. J., & Cheng, P. W. (2011). Causal learning and inference as a rational process: The new synthesis. Annual Review of Psychology, 62, 135-163. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131634
    • (2011) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 135-163
    • Holyoak, K.J.1    Cheng, P.W.2
  • 22
    • 0001815269 scopus 로고
    • Constructing optimal binary decision trees is NP-complete
    • Hyafil, L., & Rivest, R. L. (1976). Constructing optimal binary decision trees is NP-complete. Information Processing Letters, 5, 15-17. doi: 10.1016/0020-0190(76)90095-8
    • (1976) Information Processing Letters , vol.5 , pp. 15-17
    • Hyafil, L.1    Rivest, R.L.2
  • 23
    • 80055001436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian fundamentalism or enlightenment? On the explanatory status and theoretical contributions of Bayesian models of cognition
    • Jones, M., & Love, B. C. (2011). Bayesian fundamentalism or enlightenment? On the explanatory status and theoretical contributions of Bayesian models of cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34, 169-188. doi:10.1017/S0140525X10003134
    • (2011) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.34 , pp. 169-188
    • Jones, M.1    Love, B.C.2
  • 25
    • 28944447961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is developing scientific thinking all about learning to control variables?
    • Kuhn, D., & Dean, D. (2005). Is developing scientific thinking all about learning to control variables?. Psychological Science, 16, 866-870. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01628.x
    • (2005) Psychological Science , vol.16 , pp. 866-870
    • Kuhn, D.1    Dean, D.2
  • 30
    • 0001249987 scopus 로고
    • On a measure of the information provided by an experiment
    • Lindley, D. V. (1956). On a measure of the information provided by an experiment. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 27, 986-1005. doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177728069
    • (1956) Annals of Mathematical Statistics , vol.27 , pp. 986-1005
    • Lindley, D.V.1
  • 33
    • 0003834557 scopus 로고
    • New York, NY: Freeman
    • Marr, D. (1982). Vision. New York, NY: Freeman.
    • (1982) Vision
    • Marr, D.1
  • 34
    • 84859327818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information search with situationspecific reward functions
    • Meder, B., & Nelson, J. D. (2012). Information search with situationspecific reward functions. Judgment and Decision Making, 7, 119-148.
    • (2012) Judgment and Decision Making , vol.7 , pp. 119-148
    • Meder, B.1    Nelson, J.D.2
  • 35
    • 84871741797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waiting and weighting: Information sampling is a balance between efficiency and error-reduction
    • Meier, K. M., & Blair, M. R. (2013). Waiting and weighting: Information sampling is a balance between efficiency and error-reduction. Cognition, 126, 319-325. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2012.09.014
    • (2013) Cognition , vol.126 , pp. 319-325
    • Meier, K.M.1    Blair, M.R.2
  • 36
    • 39749093168 scopus 로고
    • The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information
    • Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63, 81-97. doi:10.1037/h0043158
    • (1956) Psychological Review , vol.63 , pp. 81-97
    • Miller, G.A.1
  • 37
    • 27944459371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding useful questions: On Bayesian diagnosticity, probability, impact, and information gain
    • Nelson, J. D. (2005). Finding useful questions: On Bayesian diagnosticity, probability, impact, and information gain. Psychological Review, 112, 979-999. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.112.4.979
    • (2005) Psychological Review , vol.112 , pp. 979-999
    • Nelson, J.D.1
  • 38
    • 77954833732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience matters information acquisition optimizes probability gain
    • Nelson, J. D., McKenzie, C. R., Cottrell, G. W., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2010). Experience matters information acquisition optimizes probability gain. Psychological Science, 21, 960-969. doi:10.1177/0956797610372637
    • (2010) Psychological Science , vol.21 , pp. 960-969
    • Nelson, J.D.1    McKenzie, C.R.2    Cottrell, G.W.3    Sejnowski, T.J.4
  • 41
    • 0004213845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press
    • nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2000) Causality
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 42
    • 0003750740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (J. Valsiner, Trans.). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. (Original work published 1930)
    • Piaget, J. (2001). The child's conception of physical causality (J. Valsiner, Trans.). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. (Original work published 1930)
    • (2001) The child's conception of physical causality
    • Piaget, J.1
  • 45
    • 0000120766 scopus 로고
    • Estimating the dimension of a model
    • Schwarz, G. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6, 461-464. doi:10.1214/aos/1176344136
    • (1978) Annals of Statistics , vol.6 , pp. 461-464
    • Schwarz, G.1
  • 50
    • 33745649255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of decision making in causal learning from interventions
    • Sobel, D. M., & Kushnir, T. (2006). The importance of decision making in causal learning from interventions. Memory & Cognition, 34, 411-419. doi:10.3758/BF03193418
    • (2006) Memory & Cognition , vol.34 , pp. 411-419
    • Sobel, D.M.1    Kushnir, T.2
  • 52
    • 0037564509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inferring causal networks from observations and interventions
    • Steyvers, M., Tenenbaum, J. B., Wagenmakers, E., & Blum, B. (2003). Inferring causal networks from observations and interventions. Cognitive Science, 27, 453-489. doi:10.1207/s15516709cog2703_6
    • (2003) Cognitive Science , vol.27 , pp. 453-489
    • Steyvers, M.1    Tenenbaum, J.B.2    Wagenmakers, E.3    Blum, B.4
  • 53
    • 79952512265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to grow a mind: Statistics, structure, and abstraction
    • March 11,
    • Tenenbaum, J. B., Kemp, C., Griffiths, T. L., & Goodman, N. D. (2011, March 11). How to grow a mind: Statistics, structure, and abstraction. Science, 331, 1279-1285. doi:10.1126/science.1192788
    • (2011) Science , vol.331 , pp. 1279-1285
    • Tenenbaum, J.B.1    Kemp, C.2    Griffiths, T.L.3    Goodman, N.D.4
  • 54
    • 0033628235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition among causes but not effects in predictive and diagnostic learning
    • Waldmann, M. (2000). Competition among causes but not effects in predictive and diagnostic learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26, 53-76. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.26.1.53
    • (2000) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.26 , pp. 53-76
    • Waldmann, M.1
  • 55
    • 0026871924 scopus 로고
    • Predictive and diagnostic learning within causal models: Asymmetries in cue competition
    • Waldmann, M., & Holyoak, K. J. (1992). Predictive and diagnostic learning within causal models: Asymmetries in cue competition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121, 222-236. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.121.2.222
    • (1992) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.121 , pp. 222-236
    • Waldmann, M.1    Holyoak, K.J.2
  • 56
    • 1842537957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting
    • Wixted, J. T. (2004). The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 235-269. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych .55.090902.141555
    • (2004) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 235-269
    • Wixted, J.T.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.