Tool-use-associated sound in the evolution of language

Animal Cognition

Volumn 18, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 993-1005

  Larsson, Matz ^a,b,c  

^a ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Bipedal gait; Gestures; Mirror neuron; Music; Sound symbolism; Speech

Indexed keywords

PRIMATES; VERTEBRATA;

ACOUSTICS; ANIMAL; EVOLUTION; GESTURE; HEARING; HUMAN; LANGUAGE; LOCOMOTION; PHYSIOLOGY; PRIMATE; SOUND; TOOL USE;

ACOUSTICS; ANIMALS; AUDITORY PERCEPTION; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; GESTURES; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; LOCOMOTION; PRIMATES; SOUND; TOOL USE BEHAVIOR;

EID: 84939572563     PISSN: 14359448     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10071-015-0885-x     Document Type: Review

References (130)

1. Aboitiz F (2012) Gestures, vocalizations, and memory in language origins. Front Evol Neurosci 4:2. doi:10.3389/fnevo.2012.00002
2. Aglioti SM, Pazzaglia M (2010) Representing actions through their sound. Exp Brain Res 206(2):141–151. doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2344-x
3. Ambrose SH (2001) Paleolithic technology and human evolution. Science 291(5509):1748–1753. doi:10.1126/science.1059487
4. Arbib MA (2005) From monkey-like action recognition to human language: an evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics. Behav Brain Sci 28(2):105–124 (discussion 125–167)
5. Arbib MA (2008) From grasp to language: embodied concepts and the challenge of abstraction. J Physiol Paris 102(1–3):4–20. doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2008.03.001
6. Arbib MA (2011) From mirror neurons to complex imitation in the evolution of language and tool use. Annu Rev Anthropol 40(40):257–273. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-081309-145722
7. Arcadi AC, Robert D, Boesch C (1998) Buttress drumming by wild chimpanzees: temporal patterning, phrase integration into loud calls, and preliminary evidence for individual distinctiveness. Primates 39(4):505–518. doi:10.1007/bf02557572
8. Asano M, Imai M, Kita S, Kitajo K, Okada H, Thierry G (2014) Sound symbolism scaffolds language development in preverbal infants. Cortex 63c:196–205. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2014.08.025
9. Aziz-Zadeh L, Iacoboni M, Zaidel E, Wilson S, Mazziotta J (2004) Left hemisphere motor facilitation in response to manual action sounds. Eur J Neurosci 19(9):2609–2612. doi:10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03348.x
10. Barraclough NE, Xiao D, Baker CI, Oram MW, Perrett DI (2005) Integration of visual and auditory information by superior temporal sulcus neurons responsive to the sight of actions. J Cogn Neurosci 17(3):377–391. doi:10.1162/0898929053279586
11. Bass AH, Chagnaud BP (2012) Shared developmental and evolutionary origins for neural basis of vocal-acoustic and pectoral-gestural signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109(Suppl 1):10677–10684. doi:10.1073/pnas.1201886109
12. Bee MA, Micheyl C (2008) The cocktail party problem: what is it? How can it be solved? And why should animal behaviorists study it? J Comp Psychol 122(3):235–251. doi:10.1037/0735-7036.122.3.235
13. Bentley-Condit VK, Smith EO (2010) Animal tool use: current definitions and an updated comprehensive catalog. Behaviour 147(2):185–221. doi:10.1163/000579509x12512865686555
14. Bizley JK, Cohen YE (2013) The what, where and how of auditory-object perception. Nat Rev Neurosci 14(10):693–707. doi:10.1038/nrn3565
15. Boesch C (2003) Is culture a golden barrier between human and chimpanzee? Evol Anthropol 12(2):82–91. doi:10.1002/evan.10106
16. Bookheimer S (2002) Functional MRI of language: new approaches to understanding the cortical organization of semantic processing. Annu Rev Neurosci 25:151–188. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142946112701.142946
17. Bregman AS (1990) Auditory scene analysis: the perceptual organization of sound. MIT Press, Cambridge
18. Burghardt GM (2011) Animal tool behavior. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
19. Capirci O, Montanari S, Volterra V (1998) Gestures, signs, and words in early language development. New Dir Child Dev 79:45–60
20. Carello C, Anderson KL, Kunkler-Peck AJ (1998) Perception of object length by sound. Psychol Sci 9(3):211–214. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00040
21. Carson RG, Kelso JA (2004) Governing coordination: behavioural principles and neural correlates. Exp Brain Res 154(3):267–274. doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1726-8
22. Cartmill EA, Beilock S, Goldin-Meadow S (2012) A word in the hand: action, gesture and mental representation in humans and non-human primates. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 367(1585):129–143. doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0162
23. Castiello U, Giordano BL, Begliomini C, Ansuini C, Grassi M (2010) When ears drive hands: the influence of contact sound on reaching to grasp. PLoS One 5(8):e12240. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012240
24. Changizi M (2011) Harnessed: How language and music mimicked nature and transformed ape to man. BenBella Books, Dallas
25. Chong TT, Cunnington R, Williams MA, Kanwisher N, Mattingley JB (2008) fMRI adaptation reveals mirror neurons in human inferior parietal cortex. Curr Biol 18(20):1576–1580. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.068
26. Cochet H, Byrne RW (2013) Evolutionary origins of human handedness: evaluating contrasting hypotheses. Anim Cogn 16(4):531–542. doi:10.1007/s10071-013-0626-y
27. Corballis MC (2009) Language as gesture. Hum Mov Sci 28(5):556–565
28. Darwin C (1871/1981) The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Princeton University Press. reprint of 1871 edition by John Murray, London Princeton, NJ London (Originally published 1871)
29. de Saussure F (1983) Course in general linguistics. Open Court, La Salle
30. De Vos M (2014) The evolutionary origins of syntax: optimization of the mental lexicon yields syntax for free. Lingua 150:25–44. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2014.07.005
31. Decety J, Perani D, Jeannerod M, Bettinardi V, Tadary B, Woods R, Mazziotta JC, Fazio F (1994) Mapping motor representations with positron emission tomography. Nature 371(6498):600–602. doi:10.1038/371600a0
32. Doyle MC, Snowden RJ (2001) Identification of visual stimuli is improved by accompanying auditory stimuli: the role of eye movements and sound location. Perception 30(7):795–810
33. Effenberg AO, Mechling H (1998) Bewegung hörbar machen—Warum? Zur Perspektive einer systematischen Umsetzung von Bewegung in Klänge. Psychologie und Sport 5(1):28–38
34. Feenders G, Liedvogel M, Rivas M, Zapka M, Horita H, Hara E, Wada K, Mouritsen H, Jarvis ED (2008) Molecular mapping of movement-associated areas in the avian brain: a motor theory for vocal learning origin. PLoS One 3(3):e1768. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001768
35. Firth JR (1957) The use and distribution of certain English sounds. In: Firth J (ed) Papers in linguistics 1934–1951. Oxford University Press, London, pp 34–46
36. Fitch WT (2010a) The evolution of language. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
37. Fitch WT (2010b) Musical protolanguage. In: Fitch WT (ed) The evolution of language. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
38. Fitch WT, Zuberbühler K (2013) Primate precursors to human language: beyond discontinuity. In: Altenmüller E, Schmidt S, Zimmermann E (eds) The evolution of emotional communication: from sounds in nonhuman mammals to speech and music in man. Oxford University Press, London, pp 26–48
39. Fogassi L, Ferrari PF (2004) Mirror neurons, gestures and language evolution. Interact Stud 5(3):345–363
40. Freides D (1974) Human information processing and sensory modality: cross-modal functions, information complexity, memory, and deficit. Psychol Bull 81(5):284–310
41. Fujisaki W, Goda N, Motoyoshi I, Komatsu H, Nishida S (2014) Audiovisual integration in the human perception of materials. J Vis. doi:10.1167/14.4.12
42. Gallese V, Fadiga L, Fogassi L, Rizzolatti G (1996) Action recognition in the premotor cortex. Brain 119(Pt 2):593–609
43. Gardner RA, Gardner BT (1969) Teaching sign language to a chimpanzee. Science 165(3894):664–672
44. Gazzola V, Aziz-Zadeh L, Keysers C (2006) Empathy and the somatotopic auditory mirror system in humans. Curr Biol 16(18):1824–1829. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.07.072
45. Gentilucci M, Corballis MC (2006) From manual gesture to speech: a gradual transition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30(7):949–960
46. Gentilucci M, Dalla Volta R, Gianelli C (2008) When the hands speak. J Physiol Paris 102(1–3):21–30. doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2008.03.002
47. Giordano BL, McAdams S (2006) Material identification of real impact sounds: effects of size variation in steel, glass, wood, and plexiglass plates. J Acoust Soc Am 119(2):1171–1181
48. Gogate LJ, Hollich G (2010) Invariance detection within an interactive system: a perceptual gateway to language development. Psychol Rev 117(2):496–516. doi:10.1037/a0019049
49. Grant KW, Seitz PF (2000) The use of visible speech cues for improving auditory detection of spoken sentences. J Acoust Soc Am 108(3 Pt 1):1197–1208
50. Grassi M, Pastore M, Lemaitre G (2013) Looking at the world with your ears: How do we get the size of an object from its sound? Acta Psychol (Amst) 143(1):96–104. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.02.005
51. Greenfield PM (1991) Language, tools and brain: the ontogeny and phylogeny of hierarchically organized sequential behavior. Behav Brain Sci 14(4):531–550
52. Hamzei F, Rijntjes M, Dettmers C, Glauche V, Weiller C, Buchel C (2003) The human action recognition system and its relationship to Broca’s area: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 19(3):637–644
53. Hardus ME, Lameira AR, Van Schaik CP, Wich SA (2009) Tool use in wild orang-utans modifies sound production: a functionally deceptive innovation? Proc Biol Sci 276(1673):3689–3694. doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.1027
54. Hashimoto T, Usui N, Taira M, Nose I, Haji T, Kojima S (2006) The neural mechanism associated with the processing of onomatopoeic sounds. Neuroimage 31(4):1762–1770. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.02.019
55. Hauk O, Shtyrov Y, Pulvermuller F (2006) The sound of actions as reflected by mismatch negativity: rapid activation of cortical sensory-motor networks by sounds associated with finger and tongue movements. Eur J Neurosci 23(3):811–821. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04586.x
56. Hayes KJ, Hayes C (1951) The intellectual development of a home-raised chimpanzee. Proc Am Phil Soc 95:105–109
57. Heffner RS (2004) Primate hearing from a mammalian perspective. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 281(1):1111–1122. doi:10.1002/ar.a.20117
58. Hewes GW (1992) Primate communication and the gestural origin of language. Curr Anthropol 33:65–84. doi:10.1086/204019
59. Hickok G (2009) Eight problems for the mirror neuron theory of action understanding in monkeys and humans. J Cogn Neurosci 21(7):1229–1243. doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21189
60. Higuchi S, Chaminade T, Imamizu H, Kawato M (2009) Shared neural correlates for language and tool use in Broca’s area. NeuroReport 20(15):1376–1381. doi:10.1097/WNR.0b013e3283315570
61. Hihara S, Notoya T, Tanaka M, Ichinose S, Ojima H, Obayashi S, Fujii N, Iriki A (2006) Extension of corticocortical afferents into the anterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus by tool-use training in adult monkeys. Neuropsychologia 44(13):2636–2646. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.11.020
62. Hobaiter C, Byrne RW (2013) Laterality in the gestural communication of wild chimpanzees. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1288:9–16. doi:10.1111/nyas.12041
63. Holloway RL (1969) Culture—a human domain. Curr Anthropol 10(4P2):395–412
64. Hunter T (2008) On the role of wing sounds in hummingbird communication. Auk 125(3):532–541
65. Imai M, Kita S, Nagumo M, Okada H (2008) Sound symbolism facilitates early verb learning. Cognition 109(1):54–65. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.07.015
66. Iverson JM, Goldin-Meadow S (2005) Gesture paves the way for language development. Psychol Sci 16(5):367–371. doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01542.x
67. Iverson JM, Hall AJ, Nickel L, Wozniak RH (2007) The relationship between reduplicated babble onset and laterality biases in infant rhythmic arm movements. Brain Lang 101(3):198–207. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2006.11.004
68. Jakobson R, Waugh L (1979) The sound shape of language. Indiana University Press, Bloomington
69. Kanero J, Imai M, Okuda J, Okada H, Matsuda T (2014) How sound symbolism is processed in the brain: a study on Japanese mimetic words. PLoS One 9(5):e97905. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097905
70. Kapur A, Tzanetakis G, Virji-Babul N, Wang G, Cook PR (2005) A framework for sonification of vicon motion capture data. In: The 8th conference on digital audio effects, Madrid
71. Kendon A (2004) Gesture: visible action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
72. Keysers C, Kohler E, Umilta MA, Nanetti L, Fogassi L, Gallese V (2003) Audiovisual mirror neurons and action recognition. Exp Brain Res 153(4):628–636. doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1603-5
73. Kim RS, Seitz AR, Shams L (2008) Benefits of stimulus congruency for multisensory facilitation of visual learning. PLoS One 3(1):e1532. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001532
74. Kimura D (1973) Manual activity during speaking. I. Right-handers. Neuropsychologia 11(1):45–50
75. Klatzky R, Pai D, Krotkov E (2000) Perception of material from contact sounds. Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ 9(4):399–410
76. Köhler W (1929) Gestalt psychology. Liveright Publishing Corporation, New York
77. Kohler E, Keysers C, Umilta MA, Fogassi L, Gallese V, Rizzolatti G (2002) Hearing sounds, understanding actions: action representation in mirror neurons. Science 297(5582):846–848. doi:10.1126/science.1070311
78. Kuhl PK, Meltzoff AN (1996) Infant vocalizations in response to speech: vocal imitation and developmental change. J Acoust Soc Am 100(4 Pt 1):2425–2438
79. Lameira AR, Hardus ME, Nouwen KJ, Topelberg E, Delgado RA, Spruijt BM, Sterck EH, Knott CD, Wich SA (2013) Population-specific use of the same tool-assisted alarm call between two wild orangutan populations (Pongopygmaeus wurmbii) indicates functional arbitrariness. PLoS One 8(7):e69749. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069749
80. Larsson M (2012) Incidental sounds of locomotion in animal cognition. Anim Cogn 15(1):1–13. doi:10.1007/s10071-011-0433-2
81. Larsson M (2014) Self-generated sounds of locomotion and ventilation and the evolution of human rhythmic abilities. Anim Cogn 17(1):1–14. doi:10.1007/s10071-013-0678-z
82. Lemaitre G, Heller LM (2012) Auditory perception of material is fragile while action is strikingly robust. J Acoust Soc Am 131(2):1337–1348. doi:10.1121/1.3675946
83. Liberman AM, Mattingly IG (1985) The motor theory of speech perception revised. Cognition 21(1):1–36
84. Liebal K, Call J (2012) The origins of non-human primates’ manual gestures. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 367(1585):118–128. doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0044
85. Liebal K, Call J, Tomasello M (2004) Use of gesture sequences in chimpanzees. Am J Primatol 64(4):377–396. doi:10.1002/ajp.20087
86. Liszkowski U, Carpenter M, Henning A, Striano T, Tomasello M (2004) Twelve-month-olds point to share attention and interest. Dev Sci 7(3):297–307
87. Maestripieri D (1999) Primate social organization, gestural repertoire size, and communication dynamics. In: King B (ed) The origins of language: what nonhuman primates can tell us. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, pp 55–77
88. Marshall PJ, Meltzoff AN (2014) Neural mirroring mechanisms and imitation in human infants. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 369(1644):20130620. doi:10.1098/rstb.2013.0620
89. Maurer D, Pathman T, Mondloch CJ (2006) The shape of boubas: sound-shape correspondences in toddlers and adults. Developmental Science 9(3):316–322. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00495.x
90. McGurk H, MacDonald J (1976) Hearing lips and seeing voices. Nature 264(5588):746–748
91. Meulman EJ, Sanz CM, Visalberghi E, van Schaik CP (2012) The role of terrestriality in promoting primate technology. Evol Anthropol 21(2):58–68. doi:10.1002/evan.21304
92. Nesbitt K (2003) Designing multi-sensory displays for abstract data. University of Sydney, Australia
93. Norberg Å (1991) The flappet lark Mirafra rufocinnamomea doubles its wingbeat rate to 24 Hz in wing-clap display flight: a sexually selected feat. J Exp Biol 159:515–523
94. Nudds M (2010) What are objects. Rev Phil Psychol 1:105–122
95. Paukner A, Anderson JR, Fogassi L, Ferrari PF (2007) Do facial gestures, visibility or speed of movement influence gaze following responses in pigtail macaques? Primates 48(3):241–244. doi:10.1007/s10329-006-0024-z
96. Payne RB (1973) Wingflap dialect in flappet lark Mirafra rufocinnamomea. Ibis 115(2):270–274
97. Peeters R, Simone L, Nelissen K, Fabbri-Destro M, Vanduffel W, Rizzolatti G, Orban GA (2009) The representation of tool use in humans and monkeys: common and uniquely human features. J Neurosci 29(37):11523–11539. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2040-09.2009
98. Pika S, Liebal K, Tomasello M (2003) Gestural communication in young gorillas (Gorilla gorilla): gestural repertoire, learning, and use. Am J Primatol 60(3):95–111. doi:10.1002/ajp.10097
99. Pineda JA, Grichanik M, Williams V, Trieu M, Chang H, Keysers C (2013) EEG sensorimotor correlates of translating sounds into actions. Front Neurosci 7:203. doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00203
100. Pinker S (2008) The stuff of thought: language as a window into human nature. Penguin Books, London
101. Pinker S, Jackendoff R (2005) The faculty of language: What’s special about it? Cognition 95(2):201–236. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2004.08.004
102. Pizzamiglio L, Aprile T, Spitoni G, Pitzalis S, Bates E, D’Amico S, Di Russo F (2005) Separate neural systems for processing action- or non-action-related sounds. Neuroimage 24(3):852–861. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.025
103. Prum RO (1998) Sexual selection and the evolution of mechanical sound production in manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Anim Behav 55(4):977–994
104. Quallo MM, Price CJ, Ueno K, Asamizuya T, Cheng K, Lemon RN, Iriki A (2009) Gray and white matter changes associated with tool-use learning in macaque monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(43):18379–18384. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909751106
105. Ramachandran VS, Hubbard EM (2001) Synaesthesia—a window into perception, thought and language. J Conscious Stud 8(12):3–34
106. Remedios R, Logothetis NK, Kayser C (2009) Monkey drumming reveals common networks for perceiving vocal and nonvocal communication sounds. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(42):18010–18015. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909756106
107. Rizzolatti G, Arbib MA (1998) Language within our grasp. Trends Neurosci 21(5):188–194
108. Rizzolatti G, Craighero L (2004) The mirror-neuron system. Annu Rev Neurosci 27:169–192. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144230
109. Rizzolatti G, Fogassi L, Gallese V (2001) Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the understanding and imitation of action. Nat Rev Neurosci 2(9):661–670
110. Roby-Brami A, Hermsdorfer J, Roy AC, Jacobs S (2012) A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 367(1585):144–160. doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0122
111. Rome-Flanders T, Cronk C (1995) A longitudinal study of infant vocalizations during mother-infant games. J Child Lang 22(2):259–274
112. Rowe ML, Goldin-Meadow S (2009) Early gesture selectively predicts later language learning. Dev Sci 12(1):182–187. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00764.x
113. Schmidtke DS, Conrad M, Jacobs AM (2014) Phonological iconicity. Front Psychol 5:80. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00080
114. Shams L, Seitz AR (2008) Benefits of multisensory learning. Trends Cogn Sci 12(11):411–417. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2008.07.006
115. Sigrist R, Rauter G, Riener R, Wolf P (2012) Augmented visual, auditory, haptic, and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review. Psychon Bull Rev. doi:10.3758/s13423-012-0333-8
116. St Amant R, Horton TE (2008) Revisiting the definition of animal tool use. Anim Behav 75:1199–1208. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.09.028
117. Steele J, Uomini N (2009) Can the archaeology of manual specialization tell us anything about language evolution? A survey of the state of play. Camb Archaeol J 19(1):97–110. doi:10.1017/s0959774309000067
118. Sterelny K (2012) Language, gesture, skill: the co-evolutionary foundations of language. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 367(1599):2141–2151. doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0116
119. Stout D, Chaminade T (2012) Stone tools, language and the brain in human evolution. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 367(1585):75–87. doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0099
120. Stout D, Toth N, Schick K, Chaminade T (2008) Neural correlates of Early Stone Age toolmaking: technology, language and cognition in human evolution. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 363(1499):1939–1949. doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0001
121. Taglialatela JP, Russell JL, Schaeffer JA, Hopkins WD (2011) Chimpanzee vocal signaling points to a multimodal origin of human language. PLoS One 6(4):e18852. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018852
122. Thierry G, Giraud AL, Price C (2003) Hemispheric dissociation in access to the human semantic system. Neuron 38(3):499–506
123. Tomasello M (1999) The human adaptation for culture. Annu Rev Anthropol 28:509–529. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.28.1.509
124. Tomasello M, Gust D, Frost GT (1989) A longitudinal investigation of gestural communication in young chimpanzees. Primates 30(1):35–50. doi:10.1007/bf02381209
125. Tomasello M, Slobin D, Volterra V, Caselli MC, Caprici O, Pizzuto E (2005) Gesture and the emergence and development of language. In: Tomasello MSD (ed) Elizabeth Bates: a festschrift. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah
126. Tomassello M, Call J, Warren J, Frost GT, Carpenter M, Nagell K (2007) The ontogeny of chimpanzee gestural signals: a comparison across groups and generations. Evol Commun 1:223–253
127. Turchet L, Camponogara I, Cesari P (2015) Interactive footstep sounds modulate the perceptual-motor aftereffect of treadmill walking. Exp Brain Res 233(1):205–214. doi:10.1007/s00221-014-4104-9
128. Umilta MA, Kohler E, Gallese V, Fogassi L, Fadiga L, Keysers C, Rizzolatti G (2001) I know what you are doing: a neurophysiological study. Neuron 31(1):155–165. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00337-3
129. Warren WH Jr, Verbrugge RR (1984) Auditory perception of breaking and bouncing events: a case study in ecological acoustics. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 10(5):704–712
130. Woodward AL, Hoyne KL (1999) Infants’ learning about words and sounds in relation to objects. Child Dev 70(1):65–77. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00006