Revealing the Role of TiO2 Surface Treatment of Hematite Nanorods Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Volumn 7, Issue 31, 2015, Pages 16960-16966

  Li, Xianglin ^a   Bassi, Prince Saurabh ^b   Boix, Pablo P ^a   Fang, Yanan ^a   Wong, Lydia Helena ^a,b  

^a NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^b NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

Author keywords

atomic layer deposition (ALD); hematite; nanorods; photoelectrochemical cells (PEC); surface treatment; TiO2

Indexed keywords

ANNEALING; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; CHARGE TRANSFER; ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROLYTES; HEMATITE; NANORODS; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; SODIUM HYDROXIDE; SURFACE DEFECTS; TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

ANNEALING CONDITION; CHARGE SEPARATIONS; CHARGE TRANSFER PROCESS; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACES; ELECTRON-HOLE RECOMBINATION; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER OXIDATION; SOLAR WATER SPLITTING; TIO2;

SURFACE TREATMENT;

EID: 84939182635     PISSN: 19448244     EISSN: 19448252     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01394     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Fujishima, A.; Honda, K. Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode Nature 1972, 238, 37-38 10.1038/238037a0
2. Khaselev, O.; Turner, J. A. A Monolithic Photovoltaic-Photoelectrochemical Device for Hydrogen Production via Water Splitting Science 1998, 280, 425-427 10.1126/science.280.5362.425
3. Gratzel, M. Photoelectrochemical Cells Nature 2001, 414, 338-344 10.1038/35104607
4. 3) Photoelectrodes ChemSusChem 2011, 4, 432-449 10.1002/cssc.201000416
5. Bassi, P. S.; Gurudayal; Wong, L. H.; Barber, J. Iron Based Photoanodes for Solar Fuel Production Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 11834-11842 10.1039/c3cp55174a
6. Murphy, A. B.; Barnes, P. R. F.; Randeniya, L. K.; Plumb, I. C.; Grey, I. E.; Horne, M. D.; Glasscock, J. A. Efficiency of Solar Water Splitting using Semiconductor Electrodes Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006, 31, 1999-2017 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.01.014
7. Sivula, K.; Zboril, R.; Le Formal, F.; Robert, R.; Weidenkaff, A.; Tucek, J.; Frydrych, J.; Grätzel, M. Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting with Mesoporous Hematite Prepared by a Solution-Based Colloidal Approach J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 7436-7444 10.1021/ja101564f
8. Xi, L.; Bassi, P. S.; Chiam, S. Y.; Mak, W. F.; Tran, P. D.; Barber, J.; Chye Loo, J. S.; Wong, L. H. Surface Treatment of Hematite Photoanodes with Ainc Acetate for Water Oxidation Nanoscale 2012, 4, 4430-4433 10.1039/c2nr30862b
9. Lin, Y.; Zhou, S.; Sheehan, S. W.; Wang, D. Nanonet-Based Hematite Heteronanostructures for Efficient Solar Water Splitting J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 2398-2401 10.1021/ja110741z
10. Li, X.; Fan, N. C.; Fan, H. J. A Micro-pulse Process of Atomic Layer Deposition of Iron Oxide Using Ferrocene and Ozone Precursors and Ti-Doping Chem. Vap. Deposition 2013, 19, 104-110 10.1002/cvde.201207030
11. Riha, S. C.; Klahr, B. M.; Tyo, E. C.; Seifert, S.; Vajda, S.; Pellin, M. J.; Hamann, T. W.; Martinson, A. B. F. Atomic Layer Deposition of a Submonolayer Catalyst for the Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance of Water Oxidation with Hematite ACS Nano 2013, 7, 2396-2405 10.1021/nn305639z
12. Tilley, S. D.; Cornuz, M.; Sivula, K.; Grätzel, M. Light-Induced Water Splitting with Hematite: Improved Nanostructure and Iridium Oxide Catalysis Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 6405-6408 10.1002/anie.201003110
13. Vayssieres, L.; Beermann, N.; Lindquist, S.-E.; Hagfeldt, A. Controlled Aqueous Chemical Growth of Oriented Three-Dimensional Crystalline Nanorod Arrays: Application to Iron(III) Oxides Chem. Mater. 2000, 13, 233-235 10.1021/cm001202x
14. 4-Decorated Hematite Nanorods As an Effective Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 13884-13889 10.1021/jp304285r
15. Kim, J. Y.; Magesh, G.; Youn, D. H.; Jang, J.-W.; Kubota, J.; Domen, K.; Lee, J. S. Single-crystalline, Wormlike Hematite Photoanodes for Efficient Solar Water Splitting Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 2681 10.1038/srep02681
16. Beermann, N.; Vayssieres, L.; Lindquist, S. E.; Hagfeldt, A. Photoelectrochemical Studies of Oriented Nanorod Thin Films of Hematite J. Electrochem. Soc. 2000, 147, 2456-2461 10.1149/1.1393553
17. 3 Nanotube Arrays Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 3048-3055 10.1021/cm8030208
18. 3 Photoanodes for Water Splitting: A Host Scaffold, Guest Absorber Approach Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 2862-2867 10.1021/cm900565a
19. Lin, Y.; Yuan, G.; Sheehan, S.; Zhou, S.; Wang, D. Hematite-based Solar Water Splitting: Challenges and Opportunities Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 4862-4869 10.1039/c1ee01850g
20. Jorand Sartoretti, C.; Alexander, B. D.; Solarska, R.; Rutkowska, I. A.; Augustynski, J.; Cerny, R. Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Water at Transparent Ferric Oxide Film Electrodes J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 13685-13692 10.1021/jp051546g
21. 3 Photocatalysts with Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy and Investigation of Their Photoelectrochemical Properties J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 6719-6724 10.1021/jp8109429
22. Gurudayal; Chiam, S. Y.; Kumar, M. H.; Bassi, P. S.; Seng, H. L.; Barber, J.; Wong, L. H. Improving the Efficiency of Hematite Nanorods for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting by Doping with Manganese ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 5852-5859 10.1021/am500643y
23. 3 Doped with Mo or Cr as Photoanodes for Photocatalytic Water Splitting J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 15900-15907 10.1021/jp803775j
24. Ling, Y.; Wang, G.; Wheeler, D. A.; Zhang, J. Z.; Li, Y. Sn-Doped Hematite Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 2119-2125 10.1021/nl200708y
25. 3-Based Films for Water Oxidation Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 3503-3509 10.1021/nl202316j
26. Le Formal, F.; Tetreault, N.; Cornuz, M.; Moehl, T.; Gratzel, M.; Sivula, K. Passivating Surface States on Water Splitting Hematite Photoanodes with Alumina Overlayers Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 737-743 10.1039/C0SC00578A
27. Iwanski, P.; Curran, J. S.; Gissler, W.; Memming, R. The Photoelectrochemical Behavior of Ferric Oxide in the Presence of Redox Reagents J. Electrochem. Soc. 1981, 128, 2128-2133 10.1149/1.2127202
28. Dare-Edwards, M. P.; Goodenough, J. B.; Hamnett, A.; Trevellick, P. R. Electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry of iron(III) oxide J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1983, 79, 2027-2041 10.1039/f19837902027
29. 3 J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1988, 252, 269-290 10.1016/0022-0728(88)80216-X
30. Xi, L.; Chiam, S. Y.; Mak, W. F.; Tran, P. D.; Barber, J.; Loo, S. C. J.; Wong, L. H. A Novel Strategy for Surface Treatment on Hematite Photoanode for Efficient Water Oxidation Chem. Sci. 2013, 4, 164-169 10.1039/C2SC20881D
31. 2 by Atomic Layer Deposition ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 12005-12011 10.1021/am500948t
32. Klahr, B.; Gimenez, S.; Fabregat-Santiago, F.; Hamann, T.; Bisquert, J. Water Oxidation at Hematite Photoelectrodes: The Role of Surface States J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 4294-4302 10.1021/ja210755h
33. Paracchino, A.; Mathews, N.; Hisatomi, T.; Stefik, M.; Tilley, S. D.; Gratzel, M. Ultrathin Films on Copper(i) Oxide Water Splitting Photocathodes: a Study on Performance and Stability Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 8673-8681 10.1039/c2ee22063f
34. de Faria, D. L. A.; Venâncio Silva, S.; de Oliveira, M. T. Raman Microspectroscopy of Some Iron Oxides and Oxyhydroxides J. Raman Spectrosc. 1997, 28, 873-878 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4555(199711)28:11<873::AID-JRS177>3.0.CO;2-B
35. 2 Self-assembly Chrysanthemums J. Alloys Compd. 2009, 471, 477-480 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.03.137
36. Onari, S.; Arai, T.; Kudo, K. Infrared Lattice Vibrations and Dielectric Dispersion in Span Class Phys. Rev. B 1977, 16, 1717-1721 10.1103/PhysRevB.16.1717
37. Bersani, D.; Lottici, P. P.; Montenero, A. Micro-Raman Investigation of Iron Oxide Films and Powders Produced by Sol-gel Syntheses J. Raman Spectrosc. 1999, 30, 355-360 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4555(199905)30:5<355::AID-JRS398>3.0.CO;2-C
38. 3 J. Raman Spectrosc. 2008, 39, 40-46 10.1002/jrs.1811
39. Chen, X.; Liu, L.; Yu, P. Y.; Mao, S. S. Increasing Solar Absorption for Photocatalysis with Black Hydrogenated Titanium Dioxide Nanocrystals Science 2011, 331, 746-750 10.1126/science.1200448
40. 3 Films for Efficient Water Splitting Electrochem. Commun. 2013, 30, 21-25 10.1016/j.elecom.2013.01.013
41. 3 Photoanode by Suppressing the Back Reaction Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 752-759 10.1039/C3EE42722F
42. Le Formal, F.; Grätzel, M.; Sivula, K. Controlling Photoactivity in Ultrathin Hematite Films for Solar Water-Splitting Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 1099-1107 10.1002/adfm.200902060