"For the equality of men - For the equality of nations": Anson Burlingame and China's first embassy to the United States, 1868

Journal of American-East Asian Relations

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 9-34

  Schrecker, John ^a  

^a BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anson Burlingame; Burlingame Mission; Burlingame Treaty; Chinese Americans; Racial equality; United States history reconstruction; United States Relations China Nineteenth Century

Indexed keywords

EID: 84938360019     PISSN: 10583947     EISSN: 18765610     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/187656110X523717     Document Type: Review

References (22)

1. I would like to acknowledge my longtime colleague, Professor Morton Keller of the Brandeis University Department of History, whose book Affairs Of State: Public Life In Late Nineteenth Century America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1977)
2. alerted me to the relationship between the Burlingame Treaty and the radicalism of the 1860s. The most important secondary works on the Burlingame Mission are Martin R. Ring, "Anson Burlingame, S. Wells Williams and China, 1861-1870: A Great Era in Chinese-American Relations" (Ph.D. diss., Tulane University, 1972)
3. Frederick Wells Williams, Anson Burlingame and the First Chinese Mission to Foreign Powers (New York: Scribner's, 1912)
4. On anti-Chinese policies and their relationship to politics, see Mary Roberts Coolidge, Chinese Immigration (1909; reprinted Taipei: Ch'eng-wen Publishing Co., 1968), chap. 2
5. Elmer Clarence Sandmeyer, The Anti-Chinese Movement in California (1939; reprinted Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1973), chap. 2
6. Jack Chen, The Chinese in America (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1980), 136 ff
7. Michael H. Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship (New York: Columbia University Press, 1983), 75ff.
8. New York Tribune, 27 May 1868.
9. See also World, 24 May 1868, 1
10. The word was used in an attack on Wendell Phillips, World, 30 May 1868, 4.
11. Burlingame speech, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 24 Aug. 1868. The text can be found in a newspaper clipping (the paper's name and date are missing), in Papers of Anson and Edward L. Burlingame, box 2, folder "Miscellaneous Clippings."
12. Zhigang, Chushi taixi ji
13. Zhang Deyi, Ou Mei huanyou ji (Travels in America and Europe) (Changsha: Hunan renmin chubanshe, 1981).
14. The latter is available in English: Simon Johnstone, tr., Diary of a Chinese Diplomat (Beijing: Panda Books, 1992). Zhang Deyi went on to become a senior Chinese diplomat and the most famous author of travel diaries in the late Qing.
15. James C. Thomson, Jr., "A Cycle of Cathay," American Heritage 23 (1972).
16. Quoted in Williams, Anson Burlingame, 145.
17. Among other places, the text can be found in Williams, Anson Burlingame, 275ff.
18. Earl M. Maltz, "The Federal Government and the Problem of Chinese Rights in the Era of the Fourteenth Amendment," Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy 17 (Winter 1994) 242ff.
19. Charles J. McClain, "Tortuous Path, Elusive Goal: The Asian Quest for American Citizenship," Asian Law Journal 2 (May 1995), 35
20. Maltz, "The Federal Government and the Problem of Chinese Rights."
21. "A Tribute to Anson Burlingame," in Charles Neider, ed., The Complete Essays of Mark Twain (New York: Doubleday, 1963), 3ff.
22. Thomson, Jr, "A Cycle of Cathay."