메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 10313-10341

Overview of methods for the direct molar mass determination of cellulose

Author keywords

Cello oligomers; Cellulose; End group analysis; Light scattering; Molar mass average; Molar mass distribution; Osmometry; Size exclusion chromatography; Ultracentrifuge; Viscometry

Indexed keywords

CELLULOSE; POLYMER;

EID: 84938355646     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14203049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610313     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (90)

References (123)
  • 2
    • 85110657686 scopus 로고
    • Über Polymerisation
    • Staudinger, H. Über Polymerisation. Ber. Dt. Chem. Ges. 1920, 53, 1073-1085.
    • (1920) Ber. Dt. Chem. Ges. , vol.53 , pp. 1073-1085
    • Staudinger, H.1
  • 3
    • 84938404787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • accessed on 7 July
    • Deußing, G.; Weber, M. Das Leben des Hermann Staudinger. Available online: http://www.konline.de/cipp/md-k/custom/pub/content,oid,40071/lang,1/ticket,g-u-e-s-t/Das-Leben-des-H ermann-Staudinger-Teil-3.-Die-Jahre-1933-1945.html (accessed on 7 July 2014).
    • (2014) Das Leben des Hermann Staudinger
    • Deußing, G.1    Weber, M.2
  • 4
    • 0003411482 scopus 로고
    • Cornell University Press: New York, NY, USA
    • Flory, P.J. Principles of Polymer Chemistry; Cornell University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1953; pp. 21-25.
    • (1953) Principles of Polymer Chemistry , pp. 21-25
    • Flory, P.J.1
  • 5
    • 0343540155 scopus 로고
    • Viscosity investigations for the examination of the constitution of natural products of high molecular weight and of rubber and cellulose
    • Staudinger, H. Viscosity investigations for the examination of the constitution of natural products of high molecular weight and of rubber and cellulose. Trans. Faraday Soc. 1933, 29, 18-32.
    • (1933) Trans. Faraday Soc. , vol.29 , pp. 18-32
    • Staudinger, H.1
  • 7
    • 0025545268 scopus 로고
    • The lithium chloride/dimethylacetamide solvent for cellulose: A literature review
    • Dawsey, T.R.; McCormick, C.L. The lithium chloride/dimethylacetamide solvent for cellulose: A literature review. J. Macromol. Sci. Polym. Rev. 1990, 30, 405-440.
    • (1990) J. Macromol. Sci. Polym. Rev. , vol.30 , pp. 405-440
    • Dawsey, T.R.1    McCormick, C.L.2
  • 8
    • 0042378922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in the understanding of the dissolution mechanism of cellulose in DMAc/LiCl
    • Striegel, A.M. Advances in the understanding of the dissolution mechanism of cellulose in DMAc/LiCl. J. Chil. Chem. Soc. 2003, 48, 73-77.
    • (2003) J. Chil. Chem. Soc. , vol.48 , pp. 73-77
    • Striegel, A.M.1
  • 9
    • 77957897798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the mechanism of dissolution of cellulose
    • Lindman, B.; Karlström, G.; Stigsson, L. On the mechanism of dissolution of cellulose. J. Mol. Liq. 2010, 156, 76-81.
    • (2010) J. Mol. Liq. , vol.156 , pp. 76-81
    • Lindman, B.1    Karlström, G.2    Stigsson, L.3
  • 10
    • 33847036412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solvents applied in the field of cellulose chemistry: A mini review
    • Heinze, T.; Koschella, A. Solvents applied in the field of cellulose chemistry: A mini review. Polímeros 2005, 15, 84-90.
    • (2005) Polímeros , vol.15 , pp. 84-90
    • Heinze, T.1    Koschella, A.2
  • 11
    • 84938317126 scopus 로고
    • Ueber das unterschwefelsaure Kupferoxyd-Ammoniak und die ammoniakbasischen Metallsalze überhaupt
    • Schweizer, E. Ueber das unterschwefelsaure Kupferoxyd-Ammoniak und die ammoniakbasischen Metallsalze überhaupt. J. Prakt. Chem. 1856, 67, 430-444.
    • (1856) J. Prakt. Chem. , vol.67 , pp. 430-444
    • Schweizer, E.1
  • 12
    • 0343144086 scopus 로고
    • Das Kupferoxyd-Ammoniak, ein Auflösungsmittel für die Pflanzenfaser
    • Schweizer, E. Das Kupferoxyd-Ammoniak, ein Auflösungsmittel für die Pflanzenfaser. J. Prakt. Chem. 1857, 72, 109-111.
    • (1857) J. Prakt. Chem. , vol.72 , pp. 109-111
    • Schweizer, E.1
  • 13
    • 84877599215 scopus 로고
    • Eduard Schweizer (1818-1860): The unknown chemist and his well-known reagent
    • Kauffman, G.B. Eduard Schweizer (1818-1860): The unknown chemist and his well-known reagent. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1095, doi:10.1021/ed061p1095.
    • (1984) J. Chem. Educ. , vol.61 , pp. 1095
    • Kauffman, G.B.1
  • 14
    • 84938371252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ISO: Determination of Limiting Viscosity Number in Cupri-Ethylenediamine (CED) Solution; ISO 5351; ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2010
    • ISO: Determination of Limiting Viscosity Number in Cupri-Ethylenediamine (CED) Solution; ISO 5351; ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2010.
  • 15
    • 84938391312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASTM: Standard Test Method for Intrinsic Viscosity of Cellulose; American Society for Testing and Materials: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2001
    • ASTM: Standard Test Method for Intrinsic Viscosity of Cellulose; American Society for Testing and Materials: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2001.
  • 17
    • 0001363405 scopus 로고
    • Solution studies of cellulose in lithium chloride and N,N-dimethylacetamide
    • McCormick, C.L.; Callais, P.A.; Hutchinson, B.H. Solution studies of cellulose in lithium chloride and N,N-dimethylacetamide. Macromolecules 1985, 18, 2394-2401.
    • (1985) Macromolecules , vol.18 , pp. 2394-2401
    • McCormick, C.L.1    Callais, P.A.2    Hutchinson, B.H.3
  • 18
  • 19
    • 0035943509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the stability of cellulose-holocellulose solutions in N,N-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride by size exclusion chromatography
    • Jerosch, H.; Lavédrine, B.; Cherton, J.C. Study of the stability of cellulose-holocellulose solutions in N,N-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride by size exclusion chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 2001, 927, 31-38.
    • (2001) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.927 , pp. 31-38
    • Jerosch, H.1    Lavédrine, B.2    Cherton, J.C.3
  • 20
    • 0037178365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enthalpic interactions in size exclusion chromatography of pullulan and cellulose in LiCl-N,N-dimethylacetamide
    • Strlic, M.; Kolenc, J.; Kolar, J.; Pihlar, B. Enthalpic interactions in size exclusion chromatography of pullulan and cellulose in LiCl-N,N-dimethylacetamide. J. Chromatogr. A 2002, 964, 47-54.
    • (2002) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.964 , pp. 47-54
    • Strlic, M.1    Kolenc, J.2    Kolar, J.3    Pihlar, B.4
  • 21
    • 0036324787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cellulose solvent system N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride revisited: The effect of water on physicochemical properties and chemical stability
    • Potthast, A.; Rosenau, T.; Buchner, R.; Röder, T.; Ebner, G.; Bruglachner, H.; Sixta, H.; Kosma, P. The cellulose solvent system N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride revisited: The effect of water on physicochemical properties and chemical stability. Cellulose 2002, 9, 41-53.
    • (2002) Cellulose , vol.9 , pp. 41-53
    • Potthast, A.1    Rosenau, T.2    Buchner, R.3    Röder, T.4    Ebner, G.5    Bruglachner, H.6    Sixta, H.7    Kosma, P.8
  • 23
    • 78649439750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viscosity-molecular weight relationship for cellulose solutions in either NMMO monohydrate or cuen
    • Eckelt, J.; Knopf, A.; Röder, T.; Weber, H.K.; Sixta, H.; Wolf, B.A. Viscosity-molecular weight relationship for cellulose solutions in either NMMO monohydrate or cuen. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2011, 119, 670-676.
    • (2011) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.119 , pp. 670-676
    • Eckelt, J.1    Knopf, A.2    Röder, T.3    Weber, H.K.4    Sixta, H.5    Wolf, B.A.6
  • 25
    • 0024681092 scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight distribution of cellulose as its tricarbanilate by high performance size exclusion chromatography
    • Evans, R.; Wearne, R.H.; Wallis, A.F.A. Molecular weight distribution of cellulose as its tricarbanilate by high performance size exclusion chromatography. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1989, 37, 3291-3303.
    • (1989) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 3291-3303
    • Evans, R.1    Wearne, R.H.2    Wallis, A.F.A.3
  • 26
    • 84944300492 scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight distribution of cellulose by on-online size exclusion chromatography-Low angle laser light scattering part I: Basic experiments and treatment of data
    • Lauriol, J.M.; Froment, P.; Pla, F.; Robert, A. Molecular weight distribution of cellulose by on-online size exclusion chromatography-Low angle laser light scattering part I: basic experiments and treatment of data. Holzforschung 1985, 41, 109-113.
    • (1985) Holzforschung , vol.41 , pp. 109-113
    • Lauriol, J.M.1    Froment, P.2    Pla, F.3    Robert, A.4
  • 27
    • 73249118350 scopus 로고
    • Über hochpolymere Verbindungen, 48. Mitteil.: Über die Molekülgröße der Cellulose
    • Staudinger, H.; Schweitzer, O. Über hochpolymere Verbindungen, 48. Mitteil.: Über die Molekülgröße der Cellulose. Ber. Dt. Chem. Ges. 1930, 63, 3132-3154.
    • (1930) Ber. Dt. Chem. Ges. , vol.63 , pp. 3132-3154
    • Staudinger, H.1    Schweitzer, O.2
  • 29
    • 0000001101 scopus 로고
    • Mesophase formation and chain rigidity in cellulose and derivatives. 3. Aggregation of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride
    • Terbojevich, M.; Cosani, A.; Conio, G.; Ciferri, A.; Blanchi, E. Mesophase formation and chain rigidity in cellulose and derivatives. 3. Aggregation of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride. Macromolecules 1985, 18, 640-646.
    • (1985) Macromolecules , vol.18 , pp. 640-646
    • Terbojevich, M.1    Cosani, A.2    Conio, G.3    Ciferri, A.4    Blanchi, E.5
  • 30
    • 81255161454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light-scattering analysis of native wood holocelluloses totally dissolved in LiCl-DMI solutions: High probability of branched structures in inherent cellulose
    • Yamamoto, M.; Kuramae, R.; Yanagisawa, M.; Ishii, D.; Isogai, A. Light-scattering analysis of native wood holocelluloses totally dissolved in LiCl-DMI solutions: high probability of branched structures in inherent cellulose. Biomacromolecules 2011, 12, 3982-3988.
    • (2011) Biomacromolecules , vol.12 , pp. 3982-3988
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Kuramae, R.2    Yanagisawa, M.3    Ishii, D.4    Isogai, A.5
  • 32
    • 33748883847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEC-MALS study on aggregates of chitosan molecules in aqueous solvents: Influence of residual N-acetyl groups
    • Yanagisawa, M.; Kato, Y.; Yoshida, Y.; Isogai, A. SEC-MALS study on aggregates of chitosan molecules in aqueous solvents: Influence of residual N-acetyl groups. Carbohydr. Polym. 2006, 66, 192-198.
    • (2006) Carbohydr. Polym. , vol.66 , pp. 192-198
    • Yanagisawa, M.1    Kato, Y.2    Yoshida, Y.3    Isogai, A.4
  • 35
    • 0038369346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride studied by light scattering methods
    • Röder, T.; Morgenstern, B.; Schelosky, N.; Glatter, O. Solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride studied by light scattering methods. Polymer 2001, 42, 6765-6773.
    • (2001) Polymer , vol.42 , pp. 6765-6773
    • Röder, T.1    Morgenstern, B.2    Schelosky, N.3    Glatter, O.4
  • 36
    • 33947539753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light scattering studies on solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamid/lithium chlorid
    • Röder, T.; Morgenstern, B.; Glatter, O. Light scattering studies on solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamid/lithium chlorid. Lenzinger Ber. 2000, 79, 97-101.
    • (2000) Lenzinger Ber. , vol.79 , pp. 97-101
    • Röder, T.1    Morgenstern, B.2    Glatter, O.3
  • 37
    • 84904724939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charakterisierung der Lösungsstrukturen in technisch relevanten Celluloselösungen (Characterizing the solution structure of technically relevant cellulose solutions)
    • Röder, T.; Möslinger, R.; Mais, U.; Morgenstern, B.; Otto, G. Charakterisierung der Lösungsstrukturen in technisch relevanten Celluloselösungen (Characterizing the solution structure of technically relevant cellulose solutions). Lenzinger Ber. 2003, 82, 118-127.
    • (2003) Lenzinger Ber. , vol.82 , pp. 118-127
    • Röder, T.1    Möslinger, R.2    Mais, U.3    Morgenstern, B.4    Otto, G.5
  • 38
    • 0034495036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarized and depolarised light scattering on solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride
    • Röder, T.; Morgenstern, B.; Glatter, O. Polarized and depolarised light scattering on solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride. Macromol. Symp. 2000, 162, 87-94.
    • (2000) Macromol. Symp. , vol.162 , pp. 87-94
    • Röder, T.1    Morgenstern, B.2    Glatter, O.3
  • 39
    • 0342843451 scopus 로고
    • Microgels and ionic associations in solutions of cellulose diacetate
    • Fleury, E.; Dubois, J.; Léonard, C.; Joseleau, J.P.; Chanzy, H. Microgels and ionic associations in solutions of cellulose diacetate. Cellulose 1994, 1, 131-144.
    • (1994) Cellulose , vol.1 , pp. 131-144
    • Fleury, E.1    Dubois, J.2    Léonard, C.3    Joseleau, J.P.4    Chanzy, H.5
  • 40
    • 0027574323 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cellulose acetate in acetone solution. Studies on prehump II in GPC pattern
    • Funaki, Y.; Ueda, K.; Saka, S.; Soejima, S. Characterization of cellulose acetate in acetone solution. Studies on prehump II in GPC pattern. J. App. Polym. Sci. 1993, 48, 419-424.
    • (1993) J. App. Polym. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 419-424
    • Funaki, Y.1    Ueda, K.2    Saka, S.3    Soejima, S.4
  • 41
    • 84856006159 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of pulps, rayon fibers, and cellulose acetate by GPC and other fractionation methods
    • Alexander, W.J.; Muller, T.E. Evaluation of pulps, rayon fibers, and cellulose acetate by GPC and other fractionation methods. Sep. Sci. 1971, 6, 47-71.
    • (1971) Sep. Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 47-71
    • Alexander, W.J.1    Muller, T.E.2
  • 43
    • 34250945216 scopus 로고
    • Über das Viskositätsgesetz für Fadenmoleküle
    • Staudinger, H.; Eder, K. Über das Viskositätsgesetz für Fadenmoleküle. Naturwissenschaften 1941, 29, 221-221.
    • (1941) Naturwissenschaften , vol.29 , pp. 221-221
    • Staudinger, H.1    Eder, K.2
  • 44
    • 84938405968 scopus 로고
    • Über Zusammenhänge zwischen Carboxylgehalt und Polymerisationsgrad von Cellulosen bei der Vorreife der Viscose und der Chlorbleiche
    • Weber, O.H.; Husemann, E. Über Zusammenhänge zwischen Carboxylgehalt und Polymerisationsgrad von Cellulosen bei der Vorreife der Viscose und der Chlorbleiche. J. Prakt. Chem. 1942, 161, 20-29.
    • (1942) J. Prakt. Chem. , vol.161 , pp. 20-29
    • Weber, O.H.1    Husemann, E.2
  • 45
    • 34250962017 scopus 로고
    • Bestimmung des molekulargewichtes von cellulosen nach einer endgruppenmethode
    • Husemann, E.; Weber, O.H. Bestimmung des Molekulargewichtes von Cellulosen nach einer Endgruppenmethode. Naturwissenschaften 1942, 30, 280-281.
    • (1942) Naturwissenschaften , vol.30 , pp. 280-281
    • Husemann, E.1    Weber, O.H.2
  • 49
    • 27944504538 scopus 로고
    • Solution properties of cellulose triacetate. I. Method of fractionation and light scattering, osmometry, viscometry on dilute solutions
    • Nair, P.R.M.; Gohil, R.M.; Patel, K.C.; Patel, R.D. Solution properties of cellulose triacetate. I. Method of fractionation and light scattering, osmometry, viscometry on dilute solutions. Eur. Polym. J. 1977, 13, 273-276.
    • (1977) Eur. Polym. J. , vol.13 , pp. 273-276
    • Nair, P.R.M.1    Gohil, R.M.2    Patel, K.C.3    Patel, R.D.4
  • 50
    • 84916177500 scopus 로고
    • Osmometry of high polymer solutions. II. Osmotic measurements using bacterial cellulose membranes
    • Masson, C.R.; Melville, H.W. Osmometry of high polymer solutions. II. Osmotic measurements using bacterial cellulose membranes. J. Polym. Sci. 1949, 4, 337-350.
    • (1949) J. Polym. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 337-350
    • Masson, C.R.1    Melville, H.W.2
  • 51
    • 6444239779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mid-chain grafting in PVB-graft-PVB
    • Striegel, A.M. Mid-chain grafting in PVB-graft-PVB. Polym. Int. 2004, 53, 1806-1812.
    • (2004) Polym. Int. , vol.53 , pp. 1806-1812
    • Striegel, A.M.1
  • 52
    • 0002424868 scopus 로고
    • Recent work on molecular weight of cellulose
    • Immergut, E.H.; Ranby, B.G.; Mark, H.F. Recent work on molecular weight of cellulose. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 2483-2490.
    • (1953) Ind. Eng. Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 2483-2490
    • Immergut, E.H.1    Ranby, B.G.2    Mark, H.F.3
  • 53
    • 0038758415 scopus 로고
    • Viskositätszahl-Molekulargewichts-Beziehung für Cellulose und Untersuchungen von Nitrocellulose in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln
    • Immergut, E.H.; Schurz, J.; Mark, H. Viskositätszahl-Molekulargewichts-Beziehung für Cellulose und Untersuchungen von Nitrocellulose in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln. Monatsh. Chem. 1953, 84, 219-249.
    • (1953) Monatsh. Chem. , vol.84 , pp. 219-249
    • Immergut, E.H.1    Schurz, J.2    Mark, H.3
  • 54
    • 0345319176 scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight determination of macromolecules by vapor pressure osmometry
    • Kamide, K.; Terakawa, T.; Uchiki, H. Molecular weight determination of macromolecules by vapor pressure osmometry. Makromolekul. Chem. 1976, 177, 1447-1464.
    • (1976) Makromolekul. Chem. , vol.177 , pp. 1447-1464
    • Kamide, K.1    Terakawa, T.2    Uchiki, H.3
  • 56
    • 84902289954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing the ultracentrifuge
    • Koehler, C.S.W. Developing the ultracentrifuge. Today's Chemist at Work 2003, February 2003, pp. 63-66.
    • (2003) Today's Chemist at Work , vol.2003 , Issue.FEBRUARY , pp. 63-66
    • Koehler, C.S.W.1
  • 58
    • 33947344253 scopus 로고
    • The state of dispersion of cellulose in cuprammonium solvent as determined by ultracentrifuge methods
    • Stamm, A.J. The state of dispersion of cellulose in cuprammonium solvent as determined by ultracentrifuge methods. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1930, 52, 3047-3062.
    • (1930) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.52 , pp. 3047-3062
    • Stamm, A.J.1
  • 59
    • 4644314281 scopus 로고
    • Diffusionsversuche an Lösungen von Zellulose in Kupferaminlösung
    • Herzog, R.O.; Krüger, D. Diffusionsversuche an Lösungen von Zellulose in Kupferaminlösung. Kolloid Z. 1926, 39, 250-252.
    • (1926) Kolloid Z. , vol.39 , pp. 250-252
    • Herzog, R.O.1    Krüger, D.2
  • 60
    • 33947560657 scopus 로고
    • Nitrocellulose diffusion experiments
    • Herzog, H.O.; Kruger, D. Nitrocellulose diffusion experiments. J. Phys. Chem. 1928, 33, 179-189.
    • (1928) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.33 , pp. 179-189
    • Herzog, H.O.1    Kruger, D.2
  • 61
    • 51149214280 scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight of native cellulose
    • Gralén, N.; Svedberg, T. Molecular weight of native cellulose. Nature 1943, 152, 625-625.
    • (1943) Nature , vol.152 , pp. 625-625
    • Gralén, N.1    Svedberg, T.2
  • 62
    • 84931752330 scopus 로고
    • Recent ultracentrifugal investigations on cellulose and cellulose derivatives
    • Jullander, I. Recent ultracentrifugal investigations on cellulose and cellulose derivatives. J. Polym. Sci. 1947, 2, 329-345.
    • (1947) J. Polym. Sci. , vol.2 , pp. 329-345
    • Jullander, I.1
  • 63
    • 34250972096 scopus 로고
    • Molekulargewichtsbestimmungen an Cellulosenitraten in der Ultrazentrifuge
    • Meyerhoff, G. Molekulargewichtsbestimmungen an Cellulosenitraten in der Ultrazentrifuge. Naturwissenschaften 1954, 41, 13-14.
    • (1954) Naturwissenschaften , vol.41 , pp. 13-14
    • Meyerhoff, G.1
  • 64
    • 3142601665 scopus 로고
    • Molekulargewichtsverteilungen von nativen Faser- und Holzcellulosen
    • Marx, M. Molekulargewichtsverteilungen von nativen Faser- und Holzcellulosen. J. Polym. Sci. 1958, 30, 119-130.
    • (1958) J. Polym. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 119-130
    • Marx, M.1
  • 65
    • 15044362441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges for the modern analytical ultracentrifuge analysis of polysaccharides
    • Harding, S. Challenges for the modern analytical ultracentrifuge analysis of polysaccharides. Carbohydr. Res. 2005, 340, 811-826.
    • (2005) Carbohydr. Res. , vol.340 , pp. 811-826
    • Harding, S.1
  • 66
    • 77954572464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight distribution evaluation of polysaccharides and glycoconjugates using analytical ultracentrifugation
    • Harding, S.; Abdelhameed, A.; Morris, G. Molecular weight distribution evaluation of polysaccharides and glycoconjugates using analytical ultracentrifugation. Macromol. Biosci. 2010, 10, 714-720.
    • (2010) Macromol. Biosci. , vol.10 , pp. 714-720
    • Harding, S.1    Abdelhameed, A.2    Morris, G.3
  • 67
    • 34347125720 scopus 로고
    • Über das Molekulargewicht und die Viskosität von Hochpolymeren
    • Staudinger, H. Über das Molekulargewicht und die Viskosität von Hochpolymeren. Kolloid Z 1938, 81, 190-195.
    • (1938) Kolloid Z , vol.81 , pp. 190-195
    • Staudinger, H.1
  • 68
    • 0024639893 scopus 로고
    • Cellulose molecular weights determined by viscometry.
    • Evans, R.; Wallis, A.F.A. Cellulose molecular weights determined by viscometry. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1989, 37, 2331-2340.
    • (1989) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 2331-2340
    • Evans, R.1    Wallis, A.F.A.2
  • 69
    • 0344927692 scopus 로고
    • Die viskosimetrische Molekulargewichtsbestimmung von Cellulosen und Cellulosenitraten unter Standardbedingungen
    • Marx-Figini, V.M.; Schulz, G.V. Die viskosimetrische Molekulargewichtsbestimmung von Cellulosen und Cellulosenitraten unter Standardbedingungen. Makromol. Chem. 1962, 54, 102-118.
    • (1962) Makromol. Chem. , vol.54 , pp. 102-118
    • Marx-Figini, V.M.1    Schulz, G.V.2
  • 70
    • 0037191561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of various solvents for determination of intrinsic viscosity and viscometric constants for cellulose
    • Kasaai, M.R., Comparison of various solvents for determination of intrinsic viscosity and viscometric constants for cellulose. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2002, 86, 2189-2193.
    • (2002) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 2189-2193
    • Kasaai, M.R.1
  • 72
    • 0027498262 scopus 로고
    • Light scattering and the absolute characterization of macromolecules
    • Wyatt, P.J. Light scattering and the absolute characterization of macromolecules. Anal. Chim. Acta 1993, 272, 1-40.
    • (1993) Anal. Chim. Acta , vol.272 , pp. 1-40
    • Wyatt, P.J.1
  • 73
    • 0033317082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mass distribution of cellulosic products by size exclusion chromatography in DMAc/LiCl
    • Schelosky, N.; Röder, T.; Baldinger, T. Molecular mass distribution of cellulosic products by size exclusion chromatography in DMAc/LiCl. Das Pap. 1999, 53, 728-738.
    • (1999) Das Pap. , vol.53 , pp. 728-738
    • Schelosky, N.1    Röder, T.2    Baldinger, T.3
  • 74
    • 0347128188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior of cellulose in NaOH/Urea aqueous solution characterized by light scattering and viscometry
    • Zhou, J.; Zhang, L.; Cai, J. Behavior of cellulose in NaOH/Urea aqueous solution characterized by light scattering and viscometry. J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2004, 42, 347-353.
    • (2004) J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym.Phys , vol.42 , pp. 347-353
    • Zhou, J.1    Zhang, L.2    Cai, J.3
  • 75
    • 0022863565 scopus 로고
    • Light scattering and viscometric study of cellulose in aqueous lithium hydroxide
    • Kamide, K.; Saito, M. Light scattering and viscometric study of cellulose in aqueous lithium hydroxide. Polym. J. 1986, 18, 569-579.
    • (1986) Polym. J. , vol.18 , pp. 569-579
    • Kamide, K.1    Saito, M.2
  • 76
    • 84985388448 scopus 로고
    • Structure of cellulose in cuoxam
    • Seger, B.; Burchard, W. Structure of cellulose in cuoxam. Macromol. Symp. 1994, 83, 291-310.
    • (1994) Macromol. Symp. , vol.83 , pp. 291-310
    • Seger, B.1    Burchard, W.2
  • 77
    • 0001281333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cellulose in solvent mixtures with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide by static light scattering
    • Drechsler, U.; Radosta, S.; Vorwerg, W. Characterization of cellulose in solvent mixtures with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide by static light scattering. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2000, 201, 2023-2030.
    • (2000) Macromol. Chem. Phys. , vol.201 , pp. 2023-2030
    • Drechsler, U.1    Radosta, S.2    Vorwerg, W.3
  • 78
    • 20344388029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEC-MALLS analysis of softwood kraft pulp using LiCl/1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone as an eluent
    • Yanagisawa, M.; Shibata, I.; Isogai, A. SEC-MALLS analysis of softwood kraft pulp using LiCl/1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone as an eluent. Cellulose 2005, 12, 151-158.
    • (2005) Cellulose , vol.12 , pp. 151-158
    • Yanagisawa, M.1    Shibata, I.2    Isogai, A.3
  • 79
    • 2942689948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEC-MALLS analysis of cellulose using LiCl/1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone as an eluent
    • Yanagisawa, M.; Shibata, I.; Isogai, A. SEC-MALLS analysis of cellulose using LiCl/1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone as an eluent. Cellulose 2004, 11, 169-176.
    • (2004) Cellulose , vol.11 , pp. 169-176
    • Yanagisawa, M.1    Shibata, I.2    Isogai, A.3
  • 80
    • 0040353275 scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight distribution of cellulose by fractionation in cadoxen solutions
    • Guzmán, G.M.; Riande, E.; Pereña, J.M.; Ureña, A.G. Molecular weight distribution of cellulose by fractionation in cadoxen solutions. Eur. Polym. J. 1974, 10, 537-540.
    • (1974) Eur. Polym. J. , vol.10 , pp. 537-540
    • Guzmán, G.M.1    Riande, E.2    Perea, J.M.3    Urea, A.G.4
  • 81
    • 78049298872 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the molecular weight distribution of cellulose on calibrated gel columns
    • Almin, K.E.; Eriksson, K.; Pettersson, B.A. Determination of the molecular weight distribution of cellulose on calibrated gel columns. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1972, 16, 2583-2593.
    • (1972) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.16 , pp. 2583-2593
    • Almin, K.E.1    Eriksson, K.2    Pettersson, B.A.3
  • 84
    • 33745592801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The FDAM method: Determination of carboxyl profiles in cellulosic materials by combining group-selective fluorescence labeling with GPC
    • Bohrn, R.; Potthast, A.; Schiehser, S.; Rosenau, T.; Sixta, H.; Kosma, P. The FDAM method: Determination of carboxyl profiles in cellulosic materials by combining group-selective fluorescence labeling with GPC. Biomacromolecules 2006, 7, 1743-1750.
    • (2006) Biomacromolecules , vol.7 , pp. 1743-1750
    • Bohrn, R.1    Potthast, A.2    Schiehser, S.3    Rosenau, T.4    Sixta, H.5    Kosma, P.6
  • 85
    • 0000687971 scopus 로고
    • Molecular size distribution of wood polymers in birch kraft pulps
    • Westermark, U.; Gustafsson, K. Molecular size distribution of wood polymers in birch kraft pulps. Holzforschung 1994, 48, 146-150.
    • (1994) Holzforschung , vol.48 , pp. 146-150
    • Westermark, U.1    Gustafsson, K.2
  • 86
    • 4243747552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size Exclusion Chromatogrhaphy of Cellulose and Cellulose Derivates
    • Wu, C.S. Marcel Dekker: New York, NY, USA
    • Sjöholm, E. Size Exclusion Chromatogrhaphy of Cellulose and Cellulose Derivates. In Handbook of Size Exclusion Chromatography and Related Techniques; Wu, C.S., Ed.; Marcel Dekker: New York, NY, USA, 2004.
    • (2004) Handbook of Size Exclusion Chromatography and Related Techniques
    • Sjöholm, E.1
  • 87
  • 89
    • 0026118645 scopus 로고
    • Pseudouniversal calibration procedure for the molecular weight determination of cellulose
    • Vidal, P.F.; Basora, N.; Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E. Pseudouniversal calibration procedure for the molecular weight determination of cellulose. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1991, 42, 1659-1664.
    • (1991) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 1659-1664
    • Vidal, P.F.1    Basora, N.2    Overend, R.P.3    Chornet, E.4
  • 90
    • 0000697072 scopus 로고
    • Application of universal calibration in gel permeation chromatography for molecular weight determinations of plant cell wall polymers: Cotton fiber
    • Timpa, J.D. Application of universal calibration in gel permeation chromatography for molecular weight determinations of plant cell wall polymers: Cotton fiber. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 270-275.
    • (1991) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.39 , pp. 270-275
    • Timpa, J.D.1
  • 91
    • 0001190438 scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight distribution of cellulose by on-line size exclusion chromatography-low angle laser light scattering part. II. Acid and enzymatic hydrolysis
    • Jean-Marc, L.; Jean, C.; Pierre, F.; Fernand, P.; Ándré, R. Molecular weight distribution of cellulose by on-line size exclusion chromatography-low angle laser light scattering part. II. acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. Holzforschung 1987, 41, 165-169.
    • (1987) Holzforschung , vol.41 , pp. 165-169
    • Jean-Marc, L.1    Jean, C.2    Pierre, F.3    Fernand, P.4    Ándré, R.5
  • 92
    • 0347359104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative evaluation of size-exclusion chromatography and viscometry for the characterisation of cellulose
    • Dupont, A.L.; Mortha, G. Comparative evaluation of size-exclusion chromatography and viscometry for the characterisation of cellulose. J. Chromatogr. A 2004, 1026, 129-141.
    • (2004) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1026 , pp. 129-141
    • Dupont, A.L.1    Mortha, G.2
  • 93
    • 0032305420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Methocel™: Correlation of static light-scattering data to GPC molar mass data based on pullulan standards
    • Poché, D.S.; Ribes, A.J.; Tipton, D.L. Characterization of Methocel™: Correlation of static light-scattering data to GPC molar mass data based on pullulan standards. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1998, 70, 2197-2210.
    • (1998) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.70 , pp. 2197-2210
    • Poché, D.S.1    Ribes, A.J.2    Tipton, D.L.3
  • 94
    • 84926507152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solubility of cellulose in supercritical water studied by molecular dynamics simulations
    • Tolonen, L.K.; Bergenstråhle-Wohlert, M.; Sixta, H.; Wohlert, J. Solubility of cellulose in supercritical water studied by molecular dynamics simulations. J. Phys. Chem. B 2015, 119, 4739-4748.
    • (2015) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.119 , pp. 4739-4748
    • Tolonen, L.K.1    Bergenstråhle-Wohlert, M.2    Sixta, H.3    Wohlert, J.4
  • 95
    • 73249129004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and precipitation of glucose oligomers in the fresh liquid products obtained from the hydrolysis of cellulose in hot-compressed water
    • Yu, Y.; Wu, H. Characteristics and precipitation of glucose oligomers in the fresh liquid products obtained from the hydrolysis of cellulose in hot-compressed water. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 10682-10690.
    • (2009) Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , vol.48 , pp. 10682-10690
    • Yu, Y.1    Wu, H.2
  • 96
    • 84903859340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissolution of rayon fibers for size exclusion chromatography: A challenge
    • Siller, M.; Ahn, K.; Pircher, N.; Rosenau, T.; Potthast, A. Dissolution of rayon fibers for size exclusion chromatography: A challenge. Cellulose 2014, 21, 3291-3301.
    • (2014) Cellulose , vol.21 , pp. 3291-3301
    • Siller, M.1    Ahn, K.2    Pircher, N.3    Rosenau, T.4    Potthast, A.5
  • 97
    • 0031161892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular weight characterization of wood pulp cellulose: Dissolution and size exclusion chromatographic analysis
    • Silva, A.A.; Laver, M.L. Molecular weight characterization of wood pulp cellulose: Dissolution and size exclusion chromatographic analysis. Tappi J. 1997, 80, 173-180.
    • (1997) Tappi J. , vol.80 , pp. 173-180
    • Silva, A.A.1    Laver, M.L.2
  • 98
    • 0037414356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved methods for evaluating the molar mass distributions of cellulose in kraft pulp
    • Berggren, R.; Berthold, F.; Sjöholm, E.; Lindström, M. Improved methods for evaluating the molar mass distributions of cellulose in kraft pulp. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 88, 1170-1179.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 1170-1179
    • Berggren, R.1    Berthold, F.2    Sjöholm, E.3    Lindström, M.4
  • 99
    • 0032076896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of size-exclusion chromatography and viscometry for the determination of molecular masses of oxidised cellulose
    • Strlič, M.; Kolar, J.; Žigon, M.; Pihlar, B. Evaluation of size-exclusion chromatography and viscometry for the determination of molecular masses of oxidised cellulose. J. Chromatogr. A 1998, 805, 93-99.
    • (1998) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.805 , pp. 93-99
    • Strlič, M.1    Kolar, J.2    Žigon, M.3    Pihlar, B.4
  • 101
    • 0036532618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problems of the MMD analysis of cellulose by SEC using DMA/LiCl: A review
    • Bikova, T.; Treimanis, A. Problems of the MMD analysis of cellulose by SEC using DMA/LiCl: A review. Carbohydr. Polym. 2002, 48, 23-28.
    • (2002) Carbohydr. Polym. , vol.48 , pp. 23-28
    • Bikova, T.1    Treimanis, A.2
  • 102
    • 0033905625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of cellulosic insulation in power transformers. Part 1: Factors affecting the measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerisation of new and aged electrical papers
    • Heywood, R.J.; Emsley, A.M.; Ali, M. Degradation of cellulosic insulation in power transformers. Part 1: Factors affecting the measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerisation of new and aged electrical papers. IEE Proc. Sci. Meas. Technol. 2000, 147, 86-90.
    • (2000) IEE Proc. Sci. Meas. Technol. , vol.147 , pp. 86-90
    • Heywood, R.J.1    Emsley, A.M.2    Ali, M.3
  • 103
    • 0024014271 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of nonderivatized cellulose by gel permeation chromatography
    • Schwald, W.; Bobleter, O. Characterization of nonderivatized cellulose by gel permeation chromatography. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1988, 35, 1937-1944.
    • (1988) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 1937-1944
    • Schwald, W.1    Bobleter, O.2
  • 104
    • 2042428036 scopus 로고
    • Solubility of cellulose in iron-sodium tartrate solution
    • Malm, C.J.; Glegg, R.E.; Luce M. Solubility of cellulose in iron-sodium tartrate solution. Tappi J. 1961, 44, 102-108.
    • (1961) Tappi J. , vol.44 , pp. 102-108
    • Malm, C.J.1    Glegg, R.E.2    Luce, M.3
  • 105
    • 0037152273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of cellulosic materials by heating in DMAc/LiCl
    • Potthast, A.; Rosenau, T.; Sixta, H.; Kosma, P. Degradation of cellulosic materials by heating in DMAc/LiCl. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 7757-7759.
    • (2002) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.43 , pp. 7757-7759
    • Potthast, A.1    Rosenau, T.2    Sixta, H.3    Kosma, P.4
  • 107
    • 0036474258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining the molecular weight distribution of cotton cellulose: A new GPC solvent
    • Rousselle, M.A. Determining the molecular weight distribution of cotton cellulose: A new GPC solvent. Text. Res. J. 2002, 72, 131-134.
    • (2002) Text. Res. J. , vol.72 , pp. 131-134
    • Rousselle, M.A.1
  • 109
    • 0027366468 scopus 로고
    • High performance liquid chromatography of neutral oligosaccharides on a β-cyclodextrin bonded phase column
    • Simms, P.J.; Haines, R.M.; Hicks, K.B. High performance liquid chromatography of neutral oligosaccharides on a β-cyclodextrin bonded phase column. J. Chromatogr. A 1993, 648, 131-137.
    • (1993) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.648 , pp. 131-137
    • Simms, P.J.1    Haines, R.M.2    Hicks, K.B.3
  • 110
    • 0030069005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent progress in carbohydrate separation by high-performance liquid chromatography based on hydrophilic interaction
    • Churms, S.C. Recent progress in carbohydrate separation by high-performance liquid chromatography based on hydrophilic interaction. J. Chromatogr. A 1996, 720, 75-91.
    • (1996) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.720 , pp. 75-91
    • Churms, S.C.1
  • 112
    • 58149310645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degrees of polymerization (DP) and DP distribution of cellouronic acids prepared from alkali-treated celluloses and ball-milled native celluloses by TEMPO-mediated oxidation
    • Isogai, T.; Yanagisawa, M.; Isogai, A. Degrees of polymerization (DP) and DP distribution of cellouronic acids prepared from alkali-treated celluloses and ball-milled native celluloses by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. Cellulose 2009, 16, 117-127.
    • (2009) Cellulose , vol.16 , pp. 117-127
    • Isogai, T.1    Yanagisawa, M.2    Isogai, A.3
  • 113
    • 0005308144 scopus 로고
    • Structural heterogeneity of cellooligomers homogeneous according to high-resolution size-exclusion chromatography
    • Hamacher, K.; Schmid, G.; Sahm, H.; Wandrey, C. Structural heterogeneity of cellooligomers homogeneous according to high-resolution size-exclusion chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 1985, 319, 311-318.
    • (1985) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.319 , pp. 311-318
    • Hamacher, K.1    Schmid, G.2    Sahm, H.3    Wandrey, C.4
  • 114
    • 52949151571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation of cellooligosaccharides: Comparative study
    • Akpinar, O.; Penner, M.H. Preparation of cellooligosaccharides: Comparative study. J. Food. Agric. Environ. 2008, 6, 55-61.
    • (2008) J. Food. Agric. Environ. , vol.6 , pp. 55-61
    • Akpinar, O.1    Penner, M.H.2
  • 115
    • 0024597567 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the liquid chromatographic separation of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, deoxysaccharides and sugar alcohols with stable cyclodextrin bonded phase columns
    • Armstrong, D.W.; Jin, H.L. Evaluation of the liquid chromatographic separation of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, deoxysaccharides and sugar alcohols with stable cyclodextrin bonded phase columns. J. Chromatogr. A 1989, 462, 219-232.
    • (1989) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.462 , pp. 219-232
    • Armstrong, D.W.1    Jin, H.L.2
  • 116
    • 3042515362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellulose-based chromatography for cellooligosaccharide production
    • Akpinar, O.; McGorrin, R.J.; Penner, M.H. Cellulose-based chromatography for cellooligosaccharide production. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2004, 52, 4144-4148.
    • (2004) J. Agric. Food. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 4144-4148
    • Akpinar, O.1    McGorrin, R.J.2    Penner, M.H.3
  • 117
    • 0024256913 scopus 로고
    • Preparation of cellodextrins and isolation of oligomeric side components and their characterization
    • Schmid, G.; Biselli, M.; Wandrey, C. Preparation of cellodextrins and isolation of oligomeric side components and their characterization. Anal. Biochem. 1988, 175, 573-583.
    • (1988) Anal. Biochem. , vol.175 , pp. 573-583
    • Schmid, G.1    Biselli, M.2    Wandrey, C.3
  • 118
    • 84878665631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed electrochemical detection as a powerful tool to evaluate carbohydrates of food interest: Principles and applications
    • Corradini, C.; Cavazza, A.; Bignardi, C. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed electrochemical detection as a powerful tool to evaluate carbohydrates of food interest: Principles and applications. Int. J. Carbohydr. Chem. 2012, doi:10.1155/2012/487564.
    • (2012) Int. J. Carbohydr. Chem.
    • Corradini, C.1    Cavazza, A.2    Bignardi, C.3
  • 119
    • 0036386141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studying abnormal viscosity behaviour in dilute oligomer solutions by SEC and rheology
    • Striegel, A.M.; Alward, D.B. Studying abnormal viscosity behaviour in dilute oligomer solutions by SEC and rheology. J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol. 2002, 25, 2003-2022.
    • (2002) J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol. , vol.25 , pp. 2003-2022
    • Striegel, A.M.1    Alward, D.B.2
  • 120
    • 84989738201 scopus 로고
    • A caveat when determining molecular weight distributions of methacrylate oligomers
    • Gridnev, A.A.; Ittel, S.D.; Fryd, M. A caveat when determining molecular weight distributions of methacrylate oligomers. J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem. 1995, 33, 1185-1188.
    • (1995) J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem. , vol.33 , pp. 1185-1188
    • Gridnev, A.A.1    Ittel, S.D.2    Fryd, M.3
  • 121
    • 84896259055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining the solution conformational entropy of oligosaccharides by SEC with on-line viscometry detection
    • Morris, M.J.; Striegel, A.M. Determining the solution conformational entropy of oligosaccharides by SEC with on-line viscometry detection. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 106, 230-237.
    • (2014) Carbohydr. Polym. , vol.106 , pp. 230-237
    • Morris, M.J.1    Striegel, A.M.2
  • 122
    • 84938314044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • accessed on 12 July
    • Wyatt Technology Corporation. Low-Molecular-Weight Polymer SEC-MALS. Available online: http://www.wyatt.com/files/literature/Multi-Angle-Light-Scattering-lowmw.pdf (accessed on 12 July 2014).
    • (2014) Low-Molecular-Weight Polymer SEC-MALS
  • 123
    • 0037052570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation on the reliability of routine sec-malls for the determination of absolute molecular weights in the oligomeric range
    • Xie, T.; Penelle, J.; Verraver, M. Experimental investigation on the reliability of routine sec-malls for the determination of absolute molecular weights in the oligomeric range. Polymer 2002, 43, 3973-3977.
    • (2002) Polymer , vol.43 , pp. 3973-3977
    • Xie, T.1    Penelle, J.2    Verraver, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.