While you were sleepwalking: Science and neurobiology of sleep disorders & the enigma of legal responsibility of violence during parasomnia

Neuroethics

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 203-214

  Popat, Shreeya ^a,b   Winslade, William ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^c Institute for the Medical Humanities   (United States)

Author keywords

Crime; Parasomnias; Sleep arousal disorders; Somnambulism; Violence

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; DRUG;

ACTUS REUS; AUTOMATISM; BREATHING DISORDER; CHILDHOOD; CONSCIOUSNESS; COURT; CRIME; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; ELECTROMYOGRAM; ELECTROOCULOGRAM; ETHICS; FAMILY HISTORY; FEVER; HUMAN; HUMAN RIGHTS; JURISPRUDENCE; LEGAL ASPECT; LEGAL LIABILITY; MEMORY; MENS REA; NEUROBIOLOGY; NONREM SLEEP; PARASOMNIA; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REM SLEEP; REVIEW; SLEEP DEPRIVATION; SLEEP WALKING; TIME; VIOLENCE; WAKEFULNESS; WITNESS;

EID: 84938291692     PISSN: 18745490     EISSN: 18745504     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12152-015-9229-4     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Parks, R v. 1992. 2 SCR 871.
2. Gunn, Shelly, and Stewart Gunn. 2007. Are we in the dark about Sleepwalking’s dangers? cerebrum: emerging ideas in brain science, 73–84. New York: Dana Press.
3. Judd, Sandra J. 2010. Sleep disorders sourcebook. Detroit: Omnigraphics.
4. Meerdink, Jo. Ellen. 2006. Sleep. In Encyclopedia of human development, ed. Neil J. Salkind, 1180–82. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
5. 2010. Understanding sleep. In Sleep disorders sourcebook, ed. Sandra J. Judd, 3–12. Detroit: Omnigraphics, Inc.
6. American Psychiatric Assn. 2011. Diagnostic and statistical manual IV-TR. Web.
7. European Society of Sleep Technologists. 2001. The international classification of sleep disorders, revised. Chicago: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
8. Frey, Rebecca J., Stephanie M. Watson, and Ruth A. Wienclaw. 2011. Sleep disorders. In The gale encyclopedia of medicine, ed. Laurie J. Fundukian, 4026–4035. Detroit: Gale.
9. 2008. Sleep disorders. In The gale encyclopedia of mental health, ed. Laurie J. Fundukian, 1057–1061. Detroit: Gale.
10. Biedenfeld, David. 2011. Parasomnias. WebMD. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291931-overview. Accessed 27 Nov 2011.
11. Gilles, Gary. 2008. Sleepwalking disorder. In The gale encyclopedia of mental disorders, ed. Laurie J. Fundukian and Jeffrey Wilson, 1063–1066. Detroit: Gale.
12. Vecchierini, M.F. 2003. Parasomnias. In Sleep: physiology, investigations, and medicine, ed. Michel Billiard, 513–543. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
13. 2001. Somnambulism. In Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology, ed. J. Gordon Melton, 1436–1437. Detroit: Gale.
14. Mahowald, Mark, Michel A. Cramer Bornemann, and Carlos H. Schenck. 2011. State dissociation: implications for sleep and wakefulness, consciousness, and culpability. Sleep Medicine Clinics 6(4): 393–400.
15. Bharadwaj, Rahul, and Suresh Kumar. 2007. Somnambulism: diagnosis and treatment. Indian Journal of Psychiatry 49(2): 123–5.
16. Montplaisir, Jacques. 2004. Abnormal motor behavior during sleep. Sleep Medicine 5: S31–S34.
17. Kimble, Brian, Alice Bonitati, and Richard Millman. 2002. A review of the adult primary sleep parasomnias. Medicine and Health, Rhode Island 85(3): 95–98.
18. Mahowald, Mark W., Carlos H. Schenck, and Michel A. Cramer Bornemann. 2007. Pathophysiologic mechanisms of REM sleep behavior disorder. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 7: 167–172.
19. Boeve, B.F., et al. 2007. Pathophysiology of REM sleep behaviour disorder and relevance to neurodegenerative disease. Brain 130: 2770–2788.
20. Gagnon, Jean-Francois, et al. 2006. Pathophysiology of REM sleep behaviour disorder and relevance to neurodegenerative disease. Lancet Neurology 5: 424–432.
21. Iranzo, Alex, et al. 2006. Rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder as an early marker for a neurodegenerative disorder: a descriptive study. Lancet Neurology 5: 572–577.
22. Zanigni, Stefano, et al. 2011. REM behavior disorder and neurodegenerative diseases. Sleep Medicine 12: S54–S58.
23. Kneller, Alyssa. 2011. New clue to Parkinson’s. Focus: news from Harvard Medical, Dental, and Public Health Schools. Accessed 25 Jan. 2012.
24. Wright, Kenneth P. 2009. Sleep - motor changes. In Encyclopedia of neuroscience, ed. Marc D. Binder, Nobutaka Hirokawa, and Uwe Windhorst, 3714–3716. Berlin: Springer.
25. Mahowald, Mark W., and Carlos H. Schenck. 2010. Sleep-related violence: forensic medicine issues. In Sleep disorders medicine: basic science, technical considerations, and clinical aspects, ed. S. Chokroverty, 729–739. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.
26. Vetrivelan, R., C. Chang, and J. Lu. 2011. Muscle tone regulation during REM sleep: neural circuitry and clinical significance. Archives Italiennes de Biologie 149: 1–19.
27. 2006. Sleepwalking. New Scientist: 52.
28. Geddes, Linda. 2009. Can you be blamed for crimes in your sleep? New Scientist 204(2736): 12.
29. Simester, A.P., and G.R. Sullivan. 1999. Criminal law: theory and doctrine. Portland: Hart Publishing.
30. Fenwick, Peter. 1987. Somnambulism and the law: a review. Behavioral Sciences & the Law 5(3): 343–357.
31. Charlson, R v. 1955. 1 WLR 317.
32. Kemp, R v. 1957. 1 QB 399.
33. Bratty v. Attorney-General for Northern Ireland. 1961. UKHL 3.
34. Aristotle, Roger Crisp. 2000. Nicomachean ethics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
35. Daley, Christopher, Dale McNeil, and Renee L. Binder. 2011. ‘I did what?’ zolpidem and the courts. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 39(4): 535–542.
36. Poceta, Steven J. 2011. Zolpidem ingestion, automatisms, and sleep driving: a clinical and legal case series. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 7(6): 632–638.
37. Rudd, T. 2006. It was the Ambien, your honor. Indications: family practice news. Accessed 13 Oct. 2012.
38. Cartwright, Rosalind. 2000. Sleep-related violence: does the polysomnogram help establish the diagnosis? Sleep Medicine 1: 331–335.
39. Pressman, M.R. 2007. Factors that predispose, prime, and precipitate NREM parasomnias in adults: clinical and forensic implications. Sleep Medicine Reviews 11: 5–30.
40. Pressman, Mark R., et al. 2007. Alcohol-induced sleepwalking or confusional arousal as a defense to criminal behavior: a review of scientific evidence, methods and forensic considerations. Journal of Sleep Research 16: 198–212.
41. Pressman, Mark R. 2007. Disorders of arousal from sleep and violent behavior: the role of physical contact and proximity. Sleep 30(8): 1039–1047.
42. Stein, Jill. 2007. Direct Provocation Triggers Violent Behavior during Sleep Arousal Disorders. Neuropsychiatry Reviews: 9.
43. Oswald, Ian, and John Evans. 1985. On serious violence during sleep-walking. British Journal of Psychiatry 147: 688–691.
44. Siclari, Francesca, et al. 2010. Violence in sleep. Brain 133: 3494–3509.