Pastoral livelihoods under pressure: Ecological, political and socioeconomic transitions in Afar (Ethiopia)

Journal of Arid Environments

Volumn 124, Issue , 2016, Pages 22-30

  Schmidt, Matthias ^a   Pearson, Olivia ^a  

^a LEIBNIZ UNIVERSITY HANNOVER   (Germany)

Author keywords

Indigenous knowledge; Natural resource management; Pastoralism; Property rights

Indexed keywords

AEGIRINE; CULTURAL TRADITION; LAND USE PLANNING; LOCAL PLANNING; PASTORALISM; POVERTY ALLEVIATION; PRIVATIZATION; PROPERTY RIGHTS; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; RURAL DEVELOPMENT; SOCIAL POLICY; SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS; TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE;

AFAR; ETHIOPIA;

EID: 84938149721     PISSN: 01401963     EISSN: 1095922X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.07.003     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Abule E., Snyman H.A., Smit G.N. Comparisons of pastoralists' perceptions about rangeland resource utilisation in the middle Awash Valley of Ethiopia. J.Environ. Manag. 2005, 75:21-35.
2. Agrawal A. Common property institutions and sustainable governance of resources. World Dev. 2001, 29:1649-1672.
3. Agrawal A. Studying the commons, governing common-pool resource outcomes: some concluding thoughts. Environ. Sci. Policy 2014, 36:86-91.
4. Alden Wily J. The law is to blame: the vulnerable status of common property rights in Sub-Saharan Africa. Dev. Change 2011, 42:733-757.
5. Alden Wily L. Looking back to see forward: the legal niceties of land theft in land rushes. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:751-775.
6. ANRS (Afar National Regional State) Afar National Regional State Rural Lands Administration and Land Use Policy. Semara, Ethiopia 2008.
7. ANRS (Afar National Regional State) Afar National Regional State Awra Technical Report: Land Degradation Assessment. Semara, Ethiopia 2011.
8. ANRS (Afar National Regional State) Afar National Regional State Ewa Technical Report: Land Degradation Assessment. Semara, Ethiopia 2011.
9. Araral E. Ostrom, Hardin, and the commons: a critical appreciation and a revisionist view. Environ. Sci. Policy 2014, 36:11-23.
10. Ayantundea A.A., de Leeuwb J., Turner M.D., Said M. Challenges of assessing the sustainability of (agro)-pastoral systems. Afar Natl. Reg. State Livest. Sci. 2011, 139:30-43.
11. Aynekulu E., Aerts R., Moonen R., Denich M., Gebrehiwot K., Vågen T., Mekuria W., Boehmer H.J. Altitudinal variation and conservation priorities of vegetation along the great rift valley escarpment, northern Ethiopia. Biodivers. Conserv. 2012, 21:2691-2707.
12. Bassett T. Mobile pastoralism on the brink of land privatization in Northern Côte d'Ivoire. Geoforum 2009, 40:756-766.
13. Range Ecology at Disequilibrium: New Models of Natural Variability and Pastoral Adaptation in African Savannas 1993, Overseas Development Institute, London. R. Behnke, I. Scoones, C. Kerven (Eds.).
14. Bennett J., Ainslie A., Davis J. Fenced in: common property struggles in the management of communal rangelands in central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Land Use Policy 2010, 27:340-350.
15. Berhanu W., Colman D., Fayissa B. Diversification and livelihood sustainability in a semi-arid environment: a case study from southern Ethiopia. J.Dev. Stud. 2007, 43:871-889.
16. Common Property Resources: Ecology and Community-based Sustainable Development 1989, Belhaven Press, London. F. Berkes (Ed.).
17. Borras S.M., Hall R., Scoones I., White B., Wolford W. Towards a better understanding of global land grabbing: an editorial introduction. J.Peasant Stud. 2011, 38:209-216.
18. Cousins B. More than socially embedded: the distinctive nature of 'communal tenure' regimes in South Africa and its implications for land policy. J.Agrar. Change 2007, 7:281-315.
19. Cotula L. The international political economy of the global land rush: a critical appraisal of trends, scale, geography and drivers. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:649-680.
20. Cox M., Arnold G., Tomás S.V. Areview of design principles for community-based natural resource management. Ecol. Soc. 2010, 15(4):38.
21. Crewett W., Korf B. Ethiopia: reforming land tenure. Rev. Afr. Polit. Econ. 2008, 35:203-220.
22. Davies J., Bennett R. Livelihood adaptation to risk: constraints and opportunities for pastoral development in Ethiopia's Afar region. J.Dev. Stud. 2007, 43:490-511.
23. Devereux S. Vulnerable Livelihoods in Somali Region, Ethiopia. Institute of Development Studies Research Report 57, Brighton 2006.
24. Easdale M.H., Domptail S.E. Fate can be changed! Arid rangelands in a globalizing world: a complementary co-evolutionary perspective on the current 'desert syndrome'. J.Arid Environ. 2014, 100-101:52-62.
25. Galaty J. Land grabbing in the eastern African Rangelands. Pastoralism and Development in Africa: Dynamic Change at the Margins 2013, 143-153. Routledge, New York. A. Catley, J. Lind, I. Scoones (Eds.).
26. Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (GFDRE) Rural Development Policy and Strategies. Addis Ababa 2003.
27. Hagmann T., Alemmaya M. Pastoral conflicts and state-building in the Ethiopian lowland. Afr. Spectr. 2008, 43:19-37.
28. Rights to Nature: Ecological, Economic, Cultural, and Political Principles of Institutions for the Environment 1996, Island Press, Washington D.C. S. Hanna, C. Folke, K.-G. Mäler (Eds.).
29. Hardin G. The tragedy of the commons. Science 1968, 162:1243-1248.
30. Headey D., Taffesse A.S., You L. Diversification and development in pastoralist Ethiopia. World Dev. 2014, 56:200-213.
31. Hundie B., Padmanabhan M. The Transformation of the Afar Commons in Ethiopia: State Coercion, Diversification, and Property Rights Change among Pastoralists Collective Action and Property Rights 2008, IFPRI No. 87, Washington D.C.
32. Kassahun K., Snyman H.A., Smit G.N. Impact of rangeland degradation on the pastoral production systems, livelihoods and perceptions of the Somali pastoralists in Eastern Ethiopia. J.Arid Environ. 2008, 72:1265-1281.
33. Lavers T. 'Land grab' as development strategy? The political economy of agricultural investment in Ethiopia. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:105-132.
34. Lavers T. Patterns of agrarian transformation in Ethiopia: state-mediated commercialisation and the 'land grab'. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:795-822.
35. Lebert T., Rohde R. Land reform and the new elite: exclusion of the poor from communal land in Namaqualand, South Africa. J.Arid Environ. 2007, 70:818-833.
36. Makki F. Power and property: commercialization, enclosures, and the transformation of agrarian relations in Ethiopia. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:81-104.
37. Meier P., Bond D., Bond J. Environmental influences on pastoral conflict in the Horn of Africa. Polit. Geogr. 2007, 26:716-735.
38. Meze-Hausken E. Contrasting climate variability and meteorological drought with perceived drought and climate change in northern Ethiopia. Clim. Res. 2004, 27:19-31.
39. Ministry of Finance and Economic Development Economic Policy and Planning Department (MFEDEPPD) Rural Development Policy and Strategies. Addis Ababa 2003.
40. Müller-Mahn D., Rettberg S., Getachew G. Pathways and dead ends of pastoral development among the Afar and Karrayu in Ethiopia. Eur. J. Dev. Res. 2010, 22:660-677.
41. Mwangi E. Subdividing the commons: distributional conflict in the transition from collective to individual property rights in Kenya's Maasailand. World Dev. 2007, 35:815-834.
42. Mwangi E., Dohrn S. Securing access to drylands resources for multiple users in Africa: a review of recent research. Land Use Policy 2008, 25:240-248.
43. Nassef M., Anderson S., Hesse C. Pastoralism and Climate Change: Enabling Adaptive Capacity. Humanitarian Policy Group 2009, Overseas Development Institute, London.
44. Odote C. The dawn of Uhuru? Implications of constitutional recognition of communal land rights in pastoral areas of Kenya. Nomadic Peoples 2013, 17:87-105.
45. Oduori S.M., Rembold F., Abdulle O.H., Vargas R. Assessment of charcoal driven deforestation rates in a fragile rangeland environment in North Eastern Somalia using very high resolution imagery. J.Arid Environ. 2011, 75:1173-1181.
46. Okello M.M., Ole Seno S.K., Nthiga R.W. Reconciling people's livelihoods and environmental conservation in the rural landscapes in Kenya: opportunities and challenges in the Amboseli landscapes. Nat. Resour. Forum 2009, 33:123-133.
47. Onono J.O., Wieland B., Rushton J. Constraints to cattle production in a semi-arid pastoral system in Kenya. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 2013, 45:1415-1422.
48. Ostrom E. Governing the Commons: the Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action 1990, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
49. Ostrom E. Ageneral framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems. Science 2009, 325:419-422.
50. The Drama of the Commons 2002, National Academy Press, Washington D.C. E. Ostrom, T. Dietz, N. Dolšak, P.C. Stern, S. Stonich, E. Weber (Eds.).
51. Peters P. Challenges in land tenure and land reform in Africa: anthropological contributions. World Dev. 2008, 37:1317-1325.
52. Peters P. Land appropriation, surplus people and a battle over visions of agrarian futures in Africa. J.Peasant Stud. 2013, 40:537-562.
53. Quinn C., Huby M., Kiwasila H., Lovett J. Design principles and common pool resource management: an institutional approach to evaluating community management in semi-arid Tanzania. J.Environ. Manag. 2007, 84:100-113.
54. Raleigh C., Kniveton D. Come rain or shine: an analysis of conflict and climate variability in East Africa. J.Peace Res. 2012, 49:51-64.
55. Rettberg S. Contested narratives of pastoral vulnerability and risk in Ethiopia's Afar region. Pastor. Res. Policy Pract. 2010, 1:248-273.
56. Rettberg S., Müller-Mahn D. Human-environment interactions: the invasion of Prosopis Juliflora in the drylands of Northeast Ethiopia. Changing Deserts 2012, 297-316. Cambridge Whitehorse Press, Cambridge. L. Mol, T. Sternberg (Eds.).
57. Riché B., Hachileka E., Awuor C.E., Hammill A. Climate Related Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity in Ethiopia's Borana and Somali Communities 2009, International Institute for Sustainable Development, Winnipeg, Final Assessment Report.
58. Sietz D., Lüdeke M.K., Walther C. Categorisation of typical vulnerability patterns in global drylands. Glob. Environ. Change 2011, 21:431-440.
59. Smalley R., Corbera E. Large-scale land deals from the inside out: findings from Kenya's Tana Delta. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:1039-1075.
60. Sonneveld B.G., Pande S., Georgis K., Keyzer M.A., Seid Ali A., Takele A. Land degradation and overgrazing in the Afar region, Ethiopia: a spatial analysis. Land Degradation and Desertification: Assessment, Mitigation and Remediation 2010, 97-110. Springer, Dordrecht. P. Zdruli, M. Pagliai, S. Kapur, A. Faz Cano (Eds.).
61. Stratford E., Davidson J. Capital assets and intercultural borderlands: socio-cultural challenges for natural resource management. J.Environ. Manag. 2002, 66:429-440.
62. Sulieman H.M., Elagib N.A. Implications of climate, land-use and land-cover changes for pastoralism in eastern Sudan. J.Arid Environ. 2012, 85:132-141.
63. Tsegaye D., Moe S.R., Vedeld P., Aynekulu E. Land-use/cover dynamics in Northern Afar rangelands, Ethiopia. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 2010, 139:174-180.
64. Tsegaye D., Haile M., Moe S.R. The effect of land use on the recruitment and population structure of the important food and fodder plant, Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Poir., in northern Afar, Ethiopia. J.Arid Environ. 2010, 74:1074-1082.
65. Tsegaye D., Vedeld P., Moe S.R. Pastoralists and livelihoods: a case study from northern Afar, Ethiopia. J.Arid Environ. 2013, 91:138-146.
66. Upton C. The new politics of pastoralism: identity, justice and global activism. Geoforum 2014, 54:207-216.
67. Woodhouse P. New investment, old challenges. Land deals and the water constraint in African agriculture. J.Peasant Stud. 2012, 39:777-794.
68. Whitfield S., Reed M. Participatory environmental assessment in drylands: introducing a new approach. J.Arid Environ. 2012, 77:1-10.