Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

PEM Fuel Cell Diagnostic Tools

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 37-70

  Wagner, Norbert ^a  

^a GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER DLR   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84937553998     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (58)

1. Agarwal, P., Orazem, M. E., and Garcia-Rubio, L. H. 1995. Application of measurement models to imped-ance spectroscopy. III. Evaluation of consistency with the Kramers-Kronig relations. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 142: 4159-4168.
2. Andreaus, B., McEvoy, A. J., and Scherer, G. G. 2002. Analysis of performance losses in polymer electro-lyte fuel cells at high current densities by impedance spectroscopy. Electrochimica Acta 47: 2223-2229.
3. Bard, A. J. and Faulkner, L. R. 2001. Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd Edition. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 368-416.
4. 2/CO mixtures on Pt-based gas-diffusion electrodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 146: 4031-4040.
5. Ciureanu, M. and Wang, H. 2000. Electrochemical impedance study of anode CO-poisoning in PEM fuel cells. Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 3: 107-119.
6. Cleghorn, S. J. C., Springer, T. E., Wilson, M. S., Zawodzinski, C., Zawodzinski, T. A., and Gottesfeld, S. 1997. PEM fuel cells for transportation and stationary power generation applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 22: 1137-1144.
7. Delahay, P. 1965. Double Layer and Electrode Kinetics. New York, NY: Wiley-Interscience.
8. Ehm, W., Göhr, H., Kaus, R., Röseler, B., and Schiller, C. A. 2000. The evaluation of electrochemical imped-ance spectra using a modified logarithmic Hilbert transform. ACH-Models in Chemistry 137: 145-157.
9. Eikerling, M., Kornyshev, A. A., and Lust, E. 2005. Optimized structure of nanoporous carbon-based double-layer capacitors. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 152: E24-E33.
10. Fletcher, S. 1992. An electrical model circuit that reproduces the behaviour of conducting polymer electrodes in electrolyte solutions. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 337: 127-145.
11. Giner, J. and Hunter, C. 1969. The mechanism of operation of Teflon-bonded gas diffusion electrode: A mathematical model. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 116: 1124-1130.
12. Giordano, B., Passalacqua, E., Alderucci, V., Staiti, P., Pino, L., Mirzaian, H., Taylor, E. T., and Wilemski, G. 1991. Morphological characteristics of PTFE bonded gas diffusion electrodes. Electrochimica Acta 36: 1049-1055.
13. Göhr, H. 1997. Impedance modelling of porous electrodes. Electrochemical Applications 1: 2-3. Available from http://www.zahner.de
14. Göhr, H. and Schiller, C. A. 1986. Faraday-impedanz als verknüpfung von impedanzelementen. Z. Phys. Chemie, Neue Folge 148: 105-124.
15. Göhr, H., Söllner, J., and Weinzierl, H. 1983. Kinetic properties of smooth and porous lead/lead sulphates electrodes in sulphuric acid during charging and discharging. Proc. 34th ISE Meeting, Erlangen, Germany, Poster 0715.
16. Graham, D. C. 1947. The electrical double layer and the theory of electrocapillarity. Chemical Reviews 41: 441-501.
17. Grens, E. A. II. 1970. On the assumptions underlaying theoretical models for flooded porous electrodes. Electrochimica Acta 15: 1047-1057.
18. Gülzow, E., Schulze, M., Wagner, N., Kaz, T., Reißner, R., Steinhilber, G., and Schneider, A. 2000. Dry layer preparation and characterization of polymer electrolyte fuel cell components. Journal of Power Sources 86: 352-362.
19. Gülzow, E., Schulze, M., Wagner, N., Kaz, T., Schneider, A., and Reissner, R. 1999. New dry preparation technique for membrane electrode assemblies for PEM fuel cells. Fuel Cells Bulletin 15: 8-12.
20. Itagaki, M., Hatada, Y., Shitanda, I., and Watanabe, K. 2010. Complex impedance spectra of porous elec-trode with fractal structure. Electrochimica Acta 55: 6255-6262.
21. Jaouen, F., Lindbergh, G., and Sundholm, G. 2002. Investigation of mass-transport limitations in the solid polymer fuel cell cathode. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 149: A437-A447.
22. Kim, J.-D., Park, Y.-I., Kobayashi, K., Nagai, M., and Kunimatsu, M. 2001. Characterization of CO toler-ance of PEMFC by AC impedance spectroscopy. Solid State Ionics 140: 313-325.
23. Koper, M. T. M., Schmidt, T. J., Markovic, N. M., and Ross, P. N. 2001. Potential oscillations and S-shaped polarization curve in the continuous electro-oxidation of CO on Platinum single-crystal electrodes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 105: 8381-8386.
24. Kötz, R. and Carlen, M. 2000. Principles and applications of electrochemical capacitors. Electrochimica Acta 45: 2483-2498.
25. Lasia, A. 1999. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and it’s applications. In Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry, eds. B. E. Conway, J. Bockris, and R. E. White, Vol. 32. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 143-248.
26. Leng, Y.-J. Wang, X., and Hsing, I.-M. 2002. Assessment of CO-tolerance for different Pt-alloy anode cata-lysts in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using AC impedance spectroscopy. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 528: 145-152.
27. Levie, R. de. 1963. On porous electrodes in electrolyte solutions. Electrochimica Acta 8: 751-780.
28. Levie, R. de. 1964. On porous electrodes in electrolyte solutions IV. Electrochimica Acta 9: 1231-1245.
29. Levie, R. de. 1967. Electrochemical response of porous and rough electrodes. In Advances in Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering, eds. P. Delahay and C. W. Tobias, Vol. 6. New York, NY: Interscience, pp. 329-397.
30. Müller, B., Wagner, N., and Schnurnberger, W. 1999. Change of electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) with time during CO-poisoning of the Pt-anode in a membrane fuel cell. In Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells II, eds. S. Gottesfeld and T. F. Fuller, Electrochem. Soc. Proc., Vol. 98-27, pp.187-199.
31. Mund, K. 1975. Impedanzmessungen an porösen gestützten Raney-Nickel-Elektroden für alkalische Brennstoffzellen. In Siemens Forsch.- und Entwickl.- Ber., Vol. 4, pp. 68-74. Erlangen: Siemens AG.
32. Orazem, M. E. and Tribollet, B. 2008. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
33. Poltarzewski, Z., Staiti, P., Alderucci, V., Wieczorek, W., and Giordano, N. 1992. Nafion distribution in gas diffusion electrodes for solid-polymer-electrolyte-fuel-cell applications. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 139: 761-765.
34. Raistrick, I. D. 1990. Impedance studies of porous electrodes. Electrochimica Acta 35: 1579-1586.
35. Sarangapani, S., Tilak, B. V., and Chen, C. P. 1996. Materials for electrochemical capacitors. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 143: 3791-3799.
36. Savova-Stoynov, B. and Stoynov, Z. 1985. Computer analysis of non-stationary impedance data. Proc. Symp., Computer Aided Acquisition and Analysis of Corrosion Data; eds. M. W. Kendig, U. Bertocci, and J. E. Strutt, Vol. 85-3. Pennington: Electrochem. Soc. Inc., pp. 152-158.
37. Savova-Stoynov, B. and Stoynov, Z. 1992. Four-dimensional estimation of the instantaneous impedance. Electrochimica Acta 37: 2353-2355.
38. Schiller, C. A., Richter, F., Gülzow, E., and Wagner, N. 2001. Validation and evaluation of electrochemical impedance spectra of systems with states that change with time. J. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 3: 374-378.
39. Schmidt, H. and Stackelberg, M. von, 1963. Modern Polarographic Methods. New York, NY: Academic Press Inc.
40. Schmidt, T. J., Gasteiger, H. A., Stäb, G. D., Urban, P. M., Kolb, D. M., and Behm, R. J. 1998. Characterization of high-surface-area electrocatalysts using a rotating disk electrode configuration. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 145: 2354-2358.
41. Schneider, I. A., Bayer, M. H., Wokaun, A., and Scherer, G. G. 2009. Negative resistance values in locally resolved impedance spectra of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). ECS Transactions 25: 937-948.
42. Schulze, M., Wagner, N., Kaz, T., and Friedrich, K. A. 2007. Combined electrochemical and surface analy-sis investigation of degradation processes in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Electrochimica Acta 52: 2328-2336.
43. Srinivasan, S., Ticianelli, E. A., Derouin, C. R., and Redondo, A. 1988. Advances in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell technology with low platinum loading electrodes. Journal of Power Sources 22: 359-375.
44. Stoynov, Z. 1990. Impedance modelling and data processing: Structural and parametrical estimation. Electrochimica Acta 35: 1493-1499.
45. Szpak, S. 1991. Characterization of Electrodes and Electrochemical Processes. eds. R. Varma and J. R. Selman, pp. 677-716. New York, NY: Wiley-Interscience.
46. Vogel, W., Lundquist, J., Ross, P., and Stonehart, P. 1975. Reaction pathways and poisons-II. The rate con-trolling step for electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen on Pt in acid and poisoning of the reaction by CO. Electrochimica Acta 20: 79-93.
47. Wagner, N. 2002. Characterization of membrane electrode assemblies in polymer electrolyte fuel cells using a.c. impedance spectroscopy. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 32: 859-863.
48. Wagner, N. 2005. Electrochemical power sources-Fuel cells. In Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications, eds. E. Barsoukov and J. R. Macdonald, 2nd Edition. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc., pp. 497-537.
49. Wagner, N. and Friedrich, K. A. 2009. Dynamic response of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. In Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources, Vol. 2, eds. Garche J. et al. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 912-930.
50. Wagner, N. and Gülzow, E. 2004. Change of electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) with time during CO-poisoning of the Pt-anode in a membrane fuel cell. Journal of Power Sources 127: 341-347.
51. Wagner, N. and Schulze, M. 2003. Change of electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) during CO-poisoning of the Pt and Pt-Ru -anodes in a membrane fuel cell (PEFC). Electrochimica Acta 48: 3899-3907.
52. Wagner, N., Kaz, T., and Friedrich, K. A. 2008. Investigation of electrode composition of polymer fuel cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrochimica Acta 53: 7475-7482.
53. 2/CO mixture oxidation in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Electrochimica Acta 46: 4397-4405.
54. Wilkinson, D. P. and Thompsett, D. 1997. Proceedings of the Second National Symposium on New Materials for Fuel Cell and Modern Battery Systems, eds. O. Savadogo and P. R. Roberge, pp. 268, Montreal (Quebec), Canada.
55. Will, F. G. 1963. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen on partially immersed platinum electrodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 110: 145-152.
56. Wilson, M. S., Garzon, F. H., Sickafus, K. E., and Gottesfeld, S. 1993. Surface area loss of supported plati-num in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 140: 2872-2877.
57. Winsel, A. 1962. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Stromverteilung in porösen Elektroden. Z. Elektrochemie 66: 287-304.
58. Yuan, X. Z., Song, C., Wang, H., and Zhang, J. 2010. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in PEM Fuel Cells. London: Springer-Verlag.