Health Care Provider Attitudes and Beliefs About People Living with HIV: Initial Validation of the Health Care Provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale (HPASS)

AIDS and Behavior

Volumn 18, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 2397-2408

  Wagner, Anne C ^a   Hart, Trevor A ^a,b   McShane, Kelly E ^a   Margolese, Shari ^c   Girard, Todd A ^a  

^a RYERSON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c Independent Consultant   (Canada)

Author keywords

Health care providers; HIV; Measurement; Scale; Stigma

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH PERSONNEL ATTITUDE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN RELATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NORTH AMERICA; PSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOMETRY; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRE; REPRODUCIBILITY; SOCIAL STIGMA; STEREOTYPING;

ADULT; ATTITUDE OF HEALTH PERSONNEL; FEMALE; HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE; HEALTH PERSONNEL; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NORTH AMERICA; PROFESSIONAL-PATIENT RELATIONS; PSYCHOMETRICS; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SOCIAL STIGMA; STEREOTYPING;

EID: 84937511983     PISSN: 10907165     EISSN: 15733254     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10461-014-0834-8     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Herek GM, Capitanio JP. Symbolic prejudice or fear of infection? A functional analysis of AIDS-related stigma among heterosexual adults. Basic Appl Soc Psychol. 1998;20(3):230–41. doi:10.1207/15324839851036705.
2. Herek GM, Capitanio JP, Widaman KF. HIV-related stigma and knowledge in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1991–1999. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(3):371–7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.92.3.371.
3. Emlet CA. An examination of the social networks and social isolation in older and younger adults living with HIV/AIDS. Health Soc Work. 2006;31(4):299–308. doi:10.1093/hsw/31.4.299.
4. Peretti-Watel P, Spire B, Pierret J, Lert F, Obadia Y. The Vespa Group. Management of HIV-related stigma and adherence to HAART: evidence from a large representative sample of outpatients attending French hospitals (ANRS-EN12-VESPA 2003). AIDS Care. 2006;18(3):254–61. doi:10.1080/09540120500456193.
5. Greig A, Peacock D, Jewkes R, Msimang S. Gender and AIDS: time to act. AIDS. 2008;22(Suppl 2):S35–43. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000327435.28538.18.
6. Kebaabetswe PM. Barriers to participation in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission program in Gaborone, Botswana: a qualitative approach. AIDS Care. 2007;19(3):355–60. doi:10.1080/09540120600942407.
7. Kinsler JJ, Wong MD, Sayles JN, Davis C, Cunningham WE. The effect of perceived stigma from a health care provider on access to care among a low-income HIV-positive population. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2007;21(8):584–92. doi:10.1089/apc.2006.0202.
8. Rosenburg N, Taliaferro D, Ercole P. HIV-related stigma among nursing students in Cameroon. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2012;23(2):170–6. doi:10.1016/j.jana.2011.09.003.
9. Hoffart S, Ibrahim GM, Lam RA, Minty EP, Theam M, Schaefer JP. Medical students’ attitudes towards treating patients with HIV: a 12-year follow-up study. Med Teach. 2012;34(3):254. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2012.652710.
10. Alonzo AA, Reynolds NR. Stigma, HIV and AIDS: an exploration and elaboration of a stigma trajectory. Soc Sci Med. 1995;41(3):303–15. doi:10.1016/02779536(94)00384-6.
11. Deacon H. Towards a sustainable theory of health-related stigma: lessons from the HIV/AIDS literature. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2006;16(6):418–25. doi:10.1002/casp.900.
12. Dowshen N, Binns HJ, Garofalo R. Experiences of HIV-related stigma among young men who have sex with men. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2009;23(5):371–6. doi:10.1089/apc.2008.0256.
13. Harrison M, Fusilier MR, Worley JK. Development of a measure of nurses’ AIDS attitudes and conservative views. Psychol Rep. 1994;74(3Pt1):1043–8. doi:10.2466/pr0.1994.74.3.1043.
14. Mulford CL, Lee MY. Reliability and validity of AIDS victim blaming scales. Psychol Rep. 1996;79(1):191–201. doi:10.2466/pr0.1996.79.1.191.
15. Pleck JH, O’Donnell L, O’Donnell C, Snarey J. AIDS-phobia, contact with AIDS, and AIDS-related job stress in hospital workers. J Homosex. 1988;15(3–4):41–54. doi:10.1300/J082v15n03_02.
16. Link BG, Phelan JC. Conceptualizing stigma. Annu Rev Sociol. 2001;27:363–85. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363.
17. Berger BE, Ferrans CE, Lashley FR. Measuring stigma in people with HIV: psychometric assessment of the HIV stigma scale. Res Nurs Health. 2001;24(6):518–29. doi:10.1002/nur.10011.
18. Parker R, Aggleton P. HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and implications for action. Soc Sci Med. 2003;57(1):13–24. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00304-0.
19. Earnshaw VA, Chaudoir SR. From conceptualizing to measuring HIV stigma: a review of HIV stigma mechanism measures. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(6):1160–77. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9593-3.
20. International Planned Parenthood Federation, UNAIDS, International Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS, Global Network of People Living with HIV. The People Living with HIV Stigma Index User Guide. 2008. www.hivstigmaindex.org.
21. Mahajan AP, Sayles JN, Patel VA, et al. Stigma in the HIV/AIDS epidemic: a review of the literature and recommendations for the way forward. AIDS. 2008;22(Suppl 2):S67–79. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000327438.13291.62.
22. Wagner AC, Hart TA, Mohammed S, Ivanova E, Wong J, Loutfy MR. Correlates of HIV stigma in HIV-positive women. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2010;13(3):207–14. doi:10.1007/s00737-010-0158-2.
23. Nyblade L, Stangl A, Weiss E, Ashburn K. Coimbating HIV stigma in health care settings: what works? J Int AIDS Soc. 2009;12(15). www.jiasociety.org/content/12/1/15. doi:10.1186/1758-2652-12-15.
24. Logie C, Gadalla TM. Meta-analysis of health and demographic correlates of stigma towards people living with HIV. AIDS Care. 2009;21(6):742–53. doi:10.1080/09540120802511877.
25. Treichler PA. How to have theory in an epidemic. Durham, NC: Duke University Press; 1999.
26. Preston DB, Young EW, Koch PB, Forti EM. The nurses’ attitudes about AIDS scale (NAAS): development and psychometric analysis. AIDS Educ Prev. 1995;7(5):443–54.
27. Froman RD, Owen SV. Further validation of the AIDS Attitude Scale. Res Nurs Health. 1997;20(2):161–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199704)20:2<161::AID-NUR8>3.0.CO;2-I.
28. Stein JA, Li L. Measuring HIV-related stigma among Chinese service providers: confirmatory factor analysis of a multidimensional scale. AIDS Behav. 2008;12(5):789–95. doi:10.1007/s10461-007-9339-z.
29. Rutledge SE, Whyte J, Abell N, Brown KM, Cesnales NI. Measuring stigma among health care and social service providers: the HIV/AIDS Provider Stigma Inventory. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2011;25(11):673–82. doi:10.1089/apc.2011.0008.
30. Kalichman SC, Simbayi LC, Cloete A, Mthembu PP, Mkhonta RN, Ginindza T. Measuring AIDS stigmas in people living with HIV/AIDS: the Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale. AIDS Care. 2009;21(1):87–93. doi:10.1080/09540120802032627.
31. Yardley L, Bishop F. Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: a pragmatic approach. In: Willig C, Stainton-Rogers W, editors. Qualitative Research in Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE; 2008.
32. Brown T. Confirmatory factor analysis. New York: Guilford; 2006.
33. Johnson RB, Onwuegbuzie AJ. Mixed methods research: a research paradigm whose time has come. Educ Res. 2004;33(7):14–26. doi:10.3102/0013189X033007014.
34. Wagner AC, McShane KE, Hart TA, Margolese S. Health care provider attitudes and beliefs about people living with HIV: a critical qualitative investigation (under review).
35. Prilleltensky I. Psychology and the status quo. Am Psychol. 1989;44(5):795–802. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.44.5.795.
36. Borkan J. Immersion/crystallization. In: Crabtree BF, Miller WL, editors. Doing qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 1999.
37. Wagner AC, Margolese S, McShane KE, Hart TA. Conceptualizing HIV-related stigma in terms of discrimination, stereotyping and prejudice among health care providers. Paper presented at: The 12th Social Research Conference on HIV, Hepatitis C, and Related Diseases; 2012; Sydney, Australia.
38. Strahan R, Gerbasi KC. Short, homogeneous versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. J Clin Psychol. 1972;28(2):191–3. doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197204)28:2<191:AID-JCLP2270280220>3.0.CO;2-G.
39. Fischer DG, Fick C. Measuring social desirability: short forms of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Educ Psychol Meas. 1993;53(2):417–24. doi:10.1177/0013164493053002011.
40. IBM Corp. IBM SPSS statistics for Windows, version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp; 2011.
41. Bollen KA. Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley; 1989.
42. Steiger JH. Structural model evaluation and modification: an interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behav Res. 1990;25(2):173–80. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4.
43. Browne MW, Cudeck R. Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen KA, Long JS, editors. Testing structural equation models. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; 1993.
44. Bentler PM. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990;107(2):238–46. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238.
45. Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Model. 1999;6(1):1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118.
46. Kline RB. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford; 2005.
47. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. 5th ed. Boston: Pearson Education Inc; 2007.
48. Costello AB, Osborne J. Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. PARE. 2005;10(7). http://www.pareonline.net/pdf/v10n7.pdf.