Disarmament, demobilization, reinsertion and reintegration in Africa

Ending Africa's Wars: Progressing to Peace

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 63-80

  Spear, Joanna ^a  

^a GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84937432441     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (62)

1. Berdal, M. and Malone, D. M. (2000) (eds.), Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO
2. Ballentine, K. and Sherman, J. (2003) (eds.), The Political Economy of Armed Conflict: Beyond Greed and Grievance, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO
3. Richards, P. (1998) Fighting for the Rain Forest: War, Youth, and Resources in Sierra Leone, James Currey, Oxford.
4. Spear, J. (1999), 'The Disarmament and Demobilisation of Warring Factions in the Aftermath of Civil Wars: Key Implementation Issues', Civil Wars, 2:2, pp.1-22.
5. Perito, R. (2004), Where is the Lone Ranger When You Need Him?, USIP, Washington DC.
6. Lombard, B. (2000), 'Small Arms and Light Weapons: A Neglected Issue, A Renewed Focus', Disarmament Diplomacy, no.49, August, p.29.
7. 'Africa, Latin America Act on Small Arms', Trust and Verify, Issue 114, May-June 2004, p.7.
8. Collier, P. (1994), 'Demobilization and Insecurity: A Study in the Economics of the Transition From War to Peace', Journal of International Development, vol.6, no.3.
9. 'World Bank Aid For Angola', BBC News, 18.4.03. At http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2958973.stm, accessed 12.4.04
10. Pearce, J. (2002), 'Angola's Momentous Year', BBC News, 31.12.02. At http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2617361.stm, accessed 12.4.04.
11. Knight, M. and Özerdem, A. (2004), 'Guns, Camps and Cash: Disarmament, Demobilization and Reinsertion of Former Combatants in Transitions from War to Peace', Journal of Peace Research, vol.41, no.4, pp.508-509.
12. Bonn International Center for Conversion & Institute for Security Studies, Sustaining the Peace in Angola: An Overview of Current Demoblisation, Disarmament and Reintegration, BICC Paper 27, March 2003, p.26.
13. Pearce, J. (2002), 'Angolans Face Hard Road Home', BBC News, 30.9.02. At http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2288031.stm, accessed 12.4.04.
14. Bonn International Center for Conversion and the Group for Environmental monitoring, 'Conversion in South Africa in the 1990s: Defense Downsizing and Human Development Challenges', BICC Brief No 18, p.47.
15. Motumi T. and Hudson, A. (1995), 'Rightsizing: The Challenges of Demobilisation and Social Reintegration in South Africa', in Cillers, J. (ed.), Dismissed: Demobilisation and Reintegration of Former Combatants in Africa, Institute for Defence Policy, Pretoria, pp.117-118.
16. Heitman, Helmoed-Römer (1996), 'South African Forces Meet New Challenge', Jane's Defence Weekly, vol.26, no.18, 30 October, pp.23-25.
17. Kostner, M. (2001), A Technical Note on the Design and Provision of Transitional Safety Nets for Demobilization and Reintegration Programs, World Bank, Washington DC, p.1.
18. Hagman, L. and Nielsen, Z. (2002), 'A Framework for Lasting Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration of Former Combatants in Crisis Situations', Workshop Report, International Peace Academy, New York, December, p.2.
19. International Crisis Group, Rebuilding Liberia, p.7
20. 'Liberia: Still Too Soon For IDPs To Return Home?', Global IDP Project, 30.9.04, p.1. At http://www.idpproject.org, accessed 1.10.04.
21. Colletta, N., Kostner, M. and Wiederhofer, I. (1996), The Transition from War to Peace in Sub-Saharan Africa, World Bank, Washington DC, p.18.
22. Knight and Özerdem, 'Guns, Camps and Cash', p.501.
23. Kingma, K. (2000) (ed.), Demoblisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Development and Security Impacts, St. Martin's Press, New York
24. Knight and Öxerdem, 'Guns, Camps and Cash', pp.502-3.
25. BICC & ISS, Sustaining the Peace in Angola, p.22.
26. 'Angola Rebels Ready For Demobilisation', BBC News, 15.5.02. At http://news.bbc. co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1989035.stm, accessed 12.4.04.
27. Refugees International (2003), 'Angola: Women's Access to Demobilization and Reintegration Program Funding Essential', 7 March. Global IDP Database, at http://www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/idpSurvey.nsf/SearchResults/12A84DF1C711F45 C12, accessed 5.10.04.
28. Institute for Security Studies (2004), An Evaluation of the Post-Savimbi Peace Process in Angola Since February 2002: The Victor's Peace Treaty, 1 July, p.107.
29. McMullin, Jaremy (2004), 'Reintegration of Combatants: Were the Right Lessons Learned in Mozambique?', International Peacekeeping, vol.11, no.4, Winter, p.630.
30. Kamara, Victor (2004), 'Accelerated Dynamics of Resettlement in Emerging from Conflict Sierra Leone', Conflict and Stability in West Africa Field Study Report, Sahel and West Africa Club, SAH/D(2004)545, December 2003, p.26.
31. Bergner, Daniel (2003), In the Land of Magic Soldiers: A Story of White and Black in West Africa, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, p.13.
32. Reno, William (1998), Warlord Politics and African States, Lynne Rienner, Boulder CO, p.125.
33. Reno, William (1993), 'Foreign Firms and the Financing of Charles Taylor's NPFL', Liberian Studies Journal, vol.18, no.2
34. Pham, John-Peter (2004), Liberia: Portrait of a Failed State, Reed Press, New York, pp.120-124.
35. Reno, William (1995), 'Reinvention of the African Patrimonial State: Charles Taylor's Liberia', Third World Quarterly, vol.16, no.1, p.113.
36. Keen, D. (2000), 'Incentives and Disincentives for Violence', in Berdal, M. and Malone, D. M. (eds.), Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder CO, p.25.
37. Pham, Liberia: Portrait of a Failed State, p.137.
38. Agence France Presse, 'Liberia: Bryant Marks 100 Days, To React with 'Force' for Smooth Peace Process', 21.1.04. AFP World Service.
39. Thorin, V. (2004), 'The New Forces on the Verge of Schism', Jeune Afrique-L'Intelligent, 22 February. FBIS translated text. FBIS-AFR-2004-0228.
40. Ayalew, D., Dercon, S. and Krishnan, P. (1999), 'Demobilization, Land and Household Livelihoods: Lessons from Ethiopia', paper presented at the United Nations University/WIDER project meeting on Underdevelopment, Transition and Reconstruction in Sub-Saharan Africa, Helsinki, April 1999, p.16.
41. Thorin, V. (2004), 'The New Forces on the Verge of Schism', Jeune Afrique-L'Intelligent, 22 February. FBIS translated text. FBIS-AFR-2004-0228.
42. http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp? Report ID=43446, accessed 5.10.04.
43. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2004), 'Liberia: Taylor Loyalist Recruits Liberians to Fight in Guinea-Ex-Combatants', 22 September. At http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp?ReportID=43308, accessed 5.10.04.
44. Wurst, J. (1994), 'Mozambique Disarms', Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol.50, no.5, September/October, pp.37-40.
45. 'Liberia: Still Too Soon For IDPs To Return Home?', Global IDP Project, 30.9.04, p.1. At http://www.idpproject.org, accessed 1.10.04.
46. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 'Liberia: Taylor Loyalist Recruits Liberians'.
47. 'Liberia: Still Too Soon For IDPs To Return Home?', p.7.
48. Jessica Schultz, 'Return and Resettlement in Liberia', FMR, Issue 21, p.33.
49. International Crisis Group (2004), Côte d'Ivoire: No Peace in Sight, ICG Africa Report no.82, ICG, Dakar/Brussels, July, p.8.
50. International Crisis Group, Côte d'Ivoire: No Peace in Sight, p.13.
51. Hagman and Nielsen, 'A Framework for Lasting Disarmament', p.4.
52. Preston, R. (1994), Demobilizing and Integrating Fighters After War: The Namibian Experience, International Center for Education in Development, Warwick, pp.12-13.
53. International Crisis Group (2004), Rebuilding Liberia: Prospects and Perils, ICG Africa Report, no.75, 30 January, p.i.
54. McMullin, 'Reintegration of Combatants', p.631.
55. Gastrow, P. and Mosse (2002), 'Organised Crime, Corruption and Governance in the SADC Region', presented at the Institute for Security Studies regional seminar, Pretoria, 18-19 April.
56. McMullin, 'Reintegration of Combatants', p.631.
57. McMullin, 'Reintgration of Combatants', p.634.
58. Hagman and Nielsen, 'A Framework for Lasting Disarmament', p.6
59. Ayalew, Dercon & Krishnan, 'Demobilization, Land and Household Livelihoods'.
60. 'Sierra Leone Concludes Rehabilitation of Fighters from Civil War', 5.2.04. AFP World Service.
61. Pham, Liberia: Portrait of a Failed State, p.182.
62. Rogge, J. and Lippman, B. (2004), 'Making Return and Reintegration Sustainable, Transparent and Participatory', FMR, Issue 21, p.4.