EU-MERCOSUR interregionalism: Facing up to the South American crisis and the emerging free trade area of the Americas

European Foreign Affairs Review

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 491-505

  Santander, Sebastian ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LIBRE DE BRUXELLES   (Belgium)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84937376801     PISSN: 13846299     EISSN: 18758223     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.54648/eerr2002007     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. See Jorio Dauster, 'MERCOSUR and the European Union: Prospects for an Inter-Regional Association' (1998) 4 EFA Rev, pp. 447-449
2. ; Paraskevi Bessa-Rodrigues, 'European Union-MERCOSUR: in Search of a 'New' Relationship?' (1999) 1 EFA Rev, pp. 81-98;
3. Luis Xavier Grisanti, 'Europe and Latin America: The Challenge of a Strategic Partnership' (2000) 1 EFA Rev, pp. 1-7;
4. Gisela Müller-Brandeck-Bocquet, 'Perspectives for a New Regionalism: Relations between the EU and the MERCOSUR' (2000) 4 EFA Rev, pp. 561-579.
5. P. Bon, 'L'Etat en Amérique latine', No. 98, Pouvoirs: L'Amérique latine (Seuil, France, 2001), p. 34.
6. The expression was proposed by J. Williamson in 'What Washington D.C. Means by Policy Reform' in J. Williamson (ed.), Latin American Adjustment: How Much Has Happened? (Institute for International Economics, Washington, 1990).
7. M. Hirst, 'Mercosur's Complex Political Agenda' in R. Roett, Mercosur: Regional Integration, World Markets (Lynne Rienner, London, 1999), p. 37.
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9. C. Escudé, 'Argentina y sus alianzas estratégicas' in F. Rojas Aravena, Argentina, Brasil y Chile: integración y seguridad (FLACSO-Nueva Sociadad, Chile, 1999), p. 79.
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12. D. Norden and R. Russel, The United States and Argentina: Changing Relations in a Changing World (Contemporary Inter-American Relations, USA, 2002).
13. I. Bernier and M. Roy, 'Nafta and Mercosur: Two Competing Models?' in G. Mace, L. Bélanger, and contributors, The Americas in Transition: The Contours of Regionalism (Lynne Rienner, London, 1999), p. 69.
14. The fact that different countries (Bolivia, Canada, Chile, etc.) as well as regional schemes (e.g. European Union, Andean Community, Common Market of Central America, South African Development Cooperation) have attempted to sign economic cooperation agreements with it underline MERCOSUR's success in this regard.
15. R. Seintenfus, 'Washington manoeuvre contre le Mercosur', Le Monde Diplomatique (February 1998), p. 8.
16. For the American regional strategy, see J. Grugel, 'Latin America and the Remaking of the Americas' in A. Gamble and A. Payne, Regionalism and World Order (Macmillan, London, 1996), p. 148.
17. C. Deblock and D. Brunelle, 'Le projet de Zone de Libre-échange des Amériques, un régionalisme en trois dimensions' in G. Couffignal, Amérique latine 2000 (La documentation française, Paris, 2000), pp. 57-58.
18. M. Telò and S. Santander, 'Can the EU contribute to a less asymmetric multilateral world?', paper presented at the conference on Globalisation, Regional Integration and Democratic Governance: Challenges for the European Union, IPSA Research Committee on European Unification, European Parliament, (Brussels, 2 December 1999).
19. Bulletin Quotidien Europe, 'M. Lamy souligne les avantages de l'intégration régionale de type Mercosur', No. 8007, (Brussels, July 16/17 2001), p. 14.
20. S. Santander, 'La légitimité de l'Union européenne par l'exportation de son modèle d'intégration et de gouvernance régionale. Le cas du Marché commun du sud' (2001) XXXII Études internationales, pp. 51-67.
21. D. Muchnik, '¿Alca o Mercosur?', Clarín, 11 March 2001; R. Bouzas, '¿El Alca o el Mercosur?', Clarín, 26 March 2001; E. Gosman, 'Tironeos entre la Cancillería y Cavallo por el Mercosur y el ALCA', Clarín, 13 April 2001.
22. D. Cavallo and J.C. De Pablo, Pasión por crear (Planeta, Buenos Aires, 2001), p. 263.
23. C. Mira, 'Europa quiere un Mercosur unido', La Nación, 16 October 2001.
24. J. Grandi, 'Le Mercosur en période de transition: évaluation et perspectives' (1995) 17 Problèmes d'Amérique latine, p. 80.
25. Bulletin Quotidien Europe, 'M. Lamy souligne les progrès du partenariat avec le Mercosur', No. 8015, (Brussels, 27 July 2001), p. 7.
26. J. Lecompte, 'Tres generaciones de acuerdos de cooperacón' in La Unión Europea y México: Una nueva relación política y económica (Institute For European-Latin American Relations, Madrid, 1997), pp. 17-18.
27. S. Santander, 'Reactivación de las negociaciones Euro-Mercosur bajo el temor del 'sindrome mejicano?' (2002) 1 Revista de Derecho Internacional y del Mercosur, pp. 20-28.
28. F. Granell, 'ALCA, Estados Unidos, Europa' (2001) 82 Política Exterior, p. 74.
29. M. Lister, The European Union and the South (Routledge, Londres, 1997), pp. 30-31.
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31. Communication of the Commission to the Council, to the European Parliament and to the Social and Economic Committee, Un nouveau partenariat Union européenne/Amérique latine à l'aube du XXIème siècle, (COM (99) 105 final, 9 March 1999), p. 7.
32. R. Pierri, 'Fits and Starts in Move towards Free Trade Deal', Inter Press Service News Agency, 17 September 2002, .
33. See Mercosur Chair Report, Les enjeux politiques et économiques de la négociation Union européenne-Mercosur et le 'nœud' agricole, (Sciences Po, Paris, 20-21 May 1999).
34. Mercosur Chair Report, Towards an agreement between Mercosur and Europe (Sciences Po, Paris, 27 July 2000), p. 8.
35. Bulletin Quotidien Europe, 'L'UE a présenté au Mercosur une offre pour la libéralisation de 90% de l'agriculture et 100% de l'industrie en dix ans', No. 8000, (Brussels, 6 June 2001), p. 7.
36. Cereals, meat beef, milk products, oils, tobacco, sugar, some processed fruits and vegetables are the products, which were excluded from the European proposal.
37. R. Bouzas and P. da Motta Veiga, 'Mercosur-UE: las negociaciones entran en una nueva fase' (2002) 9 Observatorio de la Globalización, p. 7, .
38. Bulletin Quotidien Europe, 'Les pays du Mercosur ont présenté une offre de libéralisation couvrant 33% de ses importations industrielles et 40% des importations agricoles', No. 8082 (Brussels, 31 October 2001), p. 13.
39. Institute For European-Latin American Relations, 'Relaciones económicas entre el Mercosur y la UE: Perspectivas para la nueva década', IRELA, (Madrid, 22 November 1999), p. 7.
40. Speech made by P. Defraigne, Head of Cabinet of the Trade Commissioner, European Commission, during the Seminar organized by Chair Mercosur about 'An Integrated Approach for the EU-Mercosur Association', (Brussels, 19-20 November 2001).
41. Mercosur Chair Report, Towards an agreement between Mercosur and Europe, p. 9.
42. M. Castilho and C. Quenan, 'Le projet d'une Zone de libre échange entre le Mercosur et l'Union européenne: quelles perspectives ?' in D. van Eeuwen, Les nouvelles intégrations latino-américaines et caraïbes, (Annales d'Amérique latine et des Caraïbes, no. 14-15, Aix-en Provence, 1997), p. 286.
43. P. Staelens, 'Intégration économique et clause sociale: l'exemple de l'ALENA' in D. van Eeuwen, Les nouvelles intégrations latino-américaines et caraïbes (Annales d'Amérique latine et des Caraïbes, no. 14-15, Aix-en Provence, 1997), p. 104.
44. R. Went, Globalization (IIRE and Pluto Press, London, 2000), p. 113.
45. S. Santander, 'Mexique: de l'idéal néolibéral aux affres de la première crise financière du XXIè siècle', (1998) 9 Cahiers du CELA-IS, pp. 134-158.
46. R. Went, Grenzen aan de globalisering? (Het Spinhuis, Amsterdam, 1996), p. 111.
47. R. Roett, 'U.S. Policy Toward Mercosur: From Miami to Santiago' in Mercosur: Regional Integration, World Markets (Lynne Rienner, London, 1999), pp. 118-119.
48. B. Knowlton, 'Bush Makes All-Americas Zone a Priority', Herald Tribune, 19 March 2001.
49. S. Santander, 'Le Mercosur et ses Etats membres: les asymétries interétatiques, un obstable à l'intégration ?' in A. Musset and V. Soria, Alena - Mercosur, enjeux et limites de l'intégration américaine (IHEAL, France, 2001), pp. 51-70.
50. See Spanish presidency of the EU, 'UE-Argentina: Bruselas no teme impacto general de la crisis sobre economía UE', 7 January 2002, ;
51. European Commission, 'Unión Europea-Mercosur: Una Asociación para el futuro', Mercosur Desk of the European Commission, May 2002, p. 4.
52. A. Faiola, 'Argentina Signals Shift Away From U.S.', Washington Post, 16 January 2002, p. A14.
53. 'Consenso de Guayaquil sobre inegración, seguridad e infraestructura para el desar-rollo', Guayaquil, 27 July 2002, document available at .
54. C. Patten, P. Lamy and P. Solbes, 'La crise en Argentine', European Commission, SEC(2002)51/2, 16 January 2002.
55. C. Yarnoz, 'La UE critica la falta de credibilidad del plan de emergencia de Argentina', El País, 16 January 2002.
56. L. Valls Pereira, 'América Latina-Europa. La agenda pendiente' (2002) 2 Foreign Affairs, .
57. S. Santander, 'L'arrière-cour américaine dans les turbulences'(2002) Libre Belgique, 13 September, pp. VII-VIII.