Democracy movement in Hong Kong and its implications for South China

Journal of Contemporary Asia

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 198-216

  Shiu hing, Lo ^a  

^a University of Science and Technology   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84937269732     PISSN: 00472336     EISSN: 17527554     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00472339780000131     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. See, for examples Lee Jane C.Y., Transition to Communist Rule:The Limits of the Democratic Movement in Hong Kong, 1984–90 Politics, Administration and Change July–December 1991 17 1 23 and Ming Sing, “Democratization and Economic Development:The Anomalous Case of Hong Kong,” Democratization (Winter 1995).
2. Cheng, Joseph Y.S., 1989. The Democracy Movement in Hong Kong. International Affairs, 65 (3) Summer
3. Cheng, Joseph Y.S., 1989. The Democracy Movement in Hong Kong. International Affairs, 65 (3) Summer:449–449.
4. Cheng, Joseph Y.S., 1989. The Democracy Movement in Hong Kong. International Affairs, 65 (3) Summer:450–450.
5. See Raymond Wong's editorials. No Guts to Go to the Communist Side, No Guts to Confront Mad Dog Daily May 1996 A1 A1 21, Also see his “Why do the Democratic Party not withdraw?,” Mad Dog Daily, 11 May 1996, p. A1.
6. For Hong Kong's changing political culture, see Siu-kai Lau, Decline of Governmental Authority, Political Cynicism and Political Inefficacy in Hong Kong Journal of Northeast Asian Studies Summer 1992 11 2 Also see Liu Siu-kai, “The Political Values of the Hong Kong Chinese,” in Peter Wesley-Smith and Albert Chen, eds., The Basic Law and Hong Kong's Future (Hong Kong:Butterworths, 1988).
7. For Hong Kong's 1991 Legco elections, see Scott Ian, An Overview of the Hong Kong Legislative Council Elections of 1991 Votes Without Power:The Hong Kong Legislative Council Elections 1991 Kwok Rowena, Leung Joan, Scott Ian, Hong Kong University Press Hong Kong 1992 1 28 in
8. Sing, Ming. 1996. The Last British-led Political Reform in Hong Kong. Chinese Law and Government, 29 (1) January–February:3–16.
9. A good example of this kind of comparison which eventually appears to exaggerate the strategic failure and relatively unorganized nature of the Hong Kong democrats is So Alvin Y., May Sai-Hsin, Democratization in East Asia in the Late 1980s:Taiwan Breakthrough, Hong Kong Frustration Studies in Comparative International Development Summer 1993 28 2 61 80
10. So, Alvin Y., and Kwitko, Ludmillan. 1990. The New Middle Class and the Democratic Movement in Hong Kong. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 20 (3):384–398.
11. So, Alvin Y., and Kwitko, Ludmillan. 1990. The New Middle Class and the Democratic Movement in Hong Kong. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 20 (3):392–392.
12. So, Alvin Y., and Kwitko, Ludmillan. 1990. The New Middle Class and the Democratic Movement in Hong Kong. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 20 (3):393–393.
13. So, Alvin Y., and Kwitko, Ludmillan. 1990. The New Middle Class and the Democratic Movement in Hong Kong. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 20 (3):393–393.
14. Hing, Lo Shiu. 1993. The Politics of Democratization in Hong Kong, the University of Toronto. unpublished doctoral dissertation, Chapter 3
15. For his case, see Hing Lo Shiu, Political Development in Macau The Chinese University Press Hong Kong 1995 17 17
16. Hing, Lo Shiu. 1996. “ Hong Kong:Post Colonialism and Political Conflict ”. In The New Rich in Asia:Mobile phones, McDonalds and Middle-class Revolution, Edited by:Robison, Richard, and Goodman, David S.G., 163–184. London:Routledge. in
17. Scott, Ian. 1996. The State and Civil Society in Hong Kong. paper presented at the conference “Political Development in Taiwan and Hong Kong”. February8–91996. University of Hong Kong. Also see Lo, “The Politics of Democratization in Hong Kong,” Chapters 4 and 5.
18. Scott. The State and Civil Society in Hong Kong 15–15.
19. See Siu-kai Lau, Public Attitudes Toward Political Leadership in Hong Kong:The Formation of Political Leaders Asian Survey March 1994 34 3 Lau Siu-kai, “Colonial Rule, Transfer of Sovereignty and the Problem of Political Leaders in Hong Kong,” Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, vol. 30 no. 2 (July 1992); and Lau Siu-kai, “Institutions Without Leaders:The Hong Kong Chinese View of Political Leadership,” Pacific Affairs, vol. 63, no. 2 (Summer 1990).
20. Siu-kai, Lau. November 1990. Decolonization Without Independence and the Poverty of Political Leadership in Hong Kong, occasional paper no. 1 November, Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Lau Siu-kai, “Public Attitude Toward Political Parties in Hong Kong,” occasional paper no. 11 (March 1992), Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
21. Hsin-chi, Kuan, and Siu-kai, Lau. 1995. The Partial Vision of Democracy in Hong Kong:A Survey of Popular Opinion. The China Journal, July:239–264.
22. Siu-kai, Lau. 1990. Basic Law and the New Political Order of Hong Kong, occasional paper no. 26 Institute of Social Studies, the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
23. For comparisons between Hong Kong's political culture and Macau's, see et al. The Political Culture of Macau Chinese Macau Foundation Macau 1993 December
24. See et al. The Political Culture of Macau Chinese Macau Foundation Macau 1993 December
25. See Hing Lo Shiu, Political Leadership in Hong Kong:The Role of Governor Patten Asian Thought and Society September–December 1995 20 60 205 220
26. See Wing-Yat Eilo Yu, Organizational Adaptation of Political Parties:A Case Study of the Hong Kong Democratic Party Division of Social Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 1996 unpublished M. Phil thesis
27. Hing, Lo Shiu. 1996. Political Parties in Hong Kong:A Case Study of the ‘Pro-China’ Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong. Asian Journal of Political Science, June
28. Hing, Sonny Lo Shiu, and McMillen, Donald Hugh. 1995. A Profile of the ‘Pro-China Hong Kong Elite’:Images and Perceptions. Issues and Studies, 31 (6) June:98–127.
29. Hsin-chi, Kuan. 1991. Power Dependence and Democratic Transition:The Case of Hong Kong. China Quarterly, December:790–790.
30. Hsin-chi, Kuan. 1991. Power Dependence and Democratic Transition:The Case of Hong Kong. China Quarterly, December:791–791.
31. Hsu, Kuang-tai. 1994. On Peking's Granting of Legislative Power to the Amoy Special Economic Zone. Issues and Studies, 30 (9) September:50–62.
32. O'Brien, Kevin J., and Li, Lianjiang. 1993–1994. Chinese Political Reform and the Question of ‘Deputy Quality’. China Information, 7 (3) Winter:20–31.
33. Hing, Lo Shiu. 1996. Hong Kong's Political Influence on South China:Cross-Border Citizen Participation and Its Impact on the Mainland's Public Maladministration. paper presented at the conference “Political Development in Taiwan and Hong Kong. February8–91996. University of Hong Kong.
34. See the articles on Hong Kong's mass media in a special issue of the Asian Journal of Communication 1995 5 2
35. For recent “clan feuds and interclan violence” in China, see Chen-chang Chiang, The Resurgence of Clan Power in Mainland China Issues and Studies May 1995 31 5 64 75
36. For recent reforms of the Chinese civil service, see Dong L.S., The Recrutiment of Cadres and Civil Servants in Mainland China Issues and Studies October 1993 29 10 63 93 Also see Geng Yan, “Administrative Reform in China:An Analysis of its Political Implications,” paper presented at the conference “The Quest for Excellence:Public Administration in the Nineties,” held at the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong, 26 February 1994. And also Steven E. Aufrecht and Li Siu Bun, “Reform with Chinese Characteristics:The Context of Chinese Civil Service Reform,:” Public Administration Review, vol. 55, no. 2 (March/April 1995), pp. 175–182.
37. See Chow King W., The Management of Chinese Cadre Resources:The Politics of Performance Appraisal (1949–84) International Review of Administrative Sciences 1988 54 359 377
38. See Chan Kenneth, Ka-lok The Polish General Election of 1993 Issues and Studies April 1994 30 4 74 109
39. Jinsu, Tang. A Study of the Legal System of China's Village Committees. paper presented at a symposium on “Centralization and Regionalism:Social and Legal Recomposition in China and Europe. September. the Chinese University of Hong Kong. (in Chinese), 22
40. Hing, Lo Shiu, and Wing-yat, Eilo Yu. The Electoral System of Hong Kong's Legislative Council:The Dynamics and Prospects of Macaunizing the Direct Elections. paper presented at the conference on “The 1995 Legislative Council Election”. May. the Chinese University of Hong Kong. 17–18
41. For the rise of the bourgeoisie in the PRC Chen-pang Chang, The Resurgence of the Bourgeoisie in Mainland China Issues and Studies May 1994 30 5 31 44
42. See Patricia Tse Wen-sei, The Impact of 1997 on Political Apathy in Hong Kong Political Quarterly 1995 210 220
43. One major weakness of the democracy movement in China in 1989 was that “it did not successfully involve social groups other than Students and intellectuals,” see Shi Tianjian, The Democratic Movement in China in 1989:Dynamics and Failure Asian Survey December 1990 30 12 1202 1202
44. See Cheng Tu-jen, Democratizing the Quasi-Leninist Regime in Taiwan World Politics July 1989 12 4
45. May 1996. South China Morning Post May, 9–9. 28
46. For a balanced discussion on the barriers to democratic reforms and positive forces in favour of democratization in China, see Whyte Martin, King Prospects for Democratization in China Problems of Communism May–June 1992 58 70
47. One scholar notes that “the ground is increasingly fertile for the emergence of an autonomous civil society in China today,” see Young Stephen M., Post-Tiananmen Chinese Politics and the Prospects for Democratization Asian Survey July 1995 35 7 657 658
48. See O'Donnell Guillermo, Schmitter Philippe C., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule:Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies John Hopkins University Press Baltimore 1986
49. See Lo, The Politics of Democratization in Hong Kong Conclusion
50. For legal reform in China, see Wing-hung Carlos Lo, China's Legal Perspectives and the Evolution of its Legal System Cosmos Books Hong Kong 1994 (in Chinese)
51. For examples, see Chen Albert H.Y., The Legal Foundation of the Legislative Council Election 1995 paper presented at the conference on “The 1995 Legislative Council Election” the Chinese University of Hong Kong 1996 29 33 17–18 especially
52. Lo. 1996. The Politics of Democratization in Hong Kong Conclusion. Also see Stephen Au-yeung, “The External Actor and Democratization:The Case of Hong Kong,” unpublished M. Phil thesis, Division of Social Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
53. See Goldstone Jack A., The Coming Chinese Collapse Foreign Policy Summer 1995 99 35 52 Also see Jimming Lin and Alex Chang, “Will China Have Her Perestroika in the Year 2000?,” Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies, vol. 16, (Spring 1991), pp. 107–116.
54. For the discussion that Guangdong favours economic autonomy instead of political independence, see et al. Southern China in Transition:The New Regionalism and Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Camberra 1992
55. Scott, Ian. 1989. Political Change and the Crisis of Legitimacy in Hong Kong, Hong Kong:Oxford University Press.
56. See Zhong Yang, Legitimacy Crisis and Integration in China Journal of Contemporary Asia 1996 26 2 201 220
57. For the political consequences of Corruption, see Johnston Michael, The Political Consequences of Corruption:A Reassessment Comparative Politics 1986 18 4 459 477