메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 147-165

Intentional communication and graphic symbol use by students with severe intellectual disability

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84937269506     PISSN: 1034912X     EISSN: 1465346X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/0156655960430205     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (89)
  • 1
    • 0026746616 scopus 로고
    • Symbol vocabulary and the focus of conversations: Augmenting language development for youth with mental retardation
    • Adamson, L.B., Romski, M.A., Deffeback, K., and Sevcik, R.A., 1992. Symbol vocabulary and the focus of conversations: Augmenting language development for youth with mental retardation. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 35: 1333–1343.
    • (1992) Journal of Speech and Hearing Research , vol.35 , pp. 1333-1343
    • Adamson, L.B.1    Romski, M.A.2    Deffeback, K.3    Sevcik, R.A.4
  • 4
    • 0026111998 scopus 로고
    • Early lexical development and maternal speech: A comparison of children's initial and subsequent uses of words
    • Barrett, M., Harris, M., and Chasin, J., 1991. Early lexical development and maternal speech: A comparison of children's initial and subsequent uses of words. Journal of Child Language, 18: 21–40.
    • (1991) Journal of Child Language , vol.18 , pp. 21-40
    • Barrett, M.1    Harris, M.2    Chasin, J.3
  • 7
    • 70349218680 scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of performatives prior to speech
    • Bates, E., Camaioni, L., and Volterra, V., 1975. The acquisition of performatives prior to speech. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 21: 205–226.
    • (1975) Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , vol.21 , pp. 205-226
    • Bates, E.1    Camaioni, L.2    Volterra, V.3
  • 10
    • 84976069631 scopus 로고
    • The ontogenesis of speech acts
    • Bruner, J. S., 1975. The ontogenesis of speech acts. Journal of Child Language, 2: 1–19.
    • (1975) Journal of Child Language , vol.2 , pp. 1-19
    • Bruner, J.S.1
  • 11
    • 84965525292 scopus 로고
    • Language intervention with the severely handicapped: A decade of research
    • Bryen, D., and Joyce, D., 1985. Language intervention with the severely handicapped: A decade of research. Journal of Special Education, 19: 7–39.
    • (1985) Journal of Special Education , vol.19 , pp. 7-39
    • Bryen, D.1    Joyce, D.2
  • 12
    • 0344786230 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of preverbal communicative abilities in students with severe intellectual disability
    • Butterfield, N., 1991. Assessment of preverbal communicative abilities in students with severe intellectual disability. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 17: 347–364.
    • (1991) Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities , vol.17 , pp. 347-364
    • Butterfield, N.1
  • 13
    • 0001926737 scopus 로고
    • The development of intentional communication: A re-analysis
    • Nadel J., Camaioni L., (eds), London: Routledge,. Edited by
    • Camaioni, L., 1993. “ The development of intentional communication: A re-analysis ”. In New perspectives in early communicative development, Edited by: Nadel, J., and Camaioni, L., 82–96. London: Routledge.
    • (1993) New perspectives in early communicative development , pp. 82-96
    • Camaioni, L.1
  • 14
    • 0000434812 scopus 로고
    • Functional equivalence as a mechanism of response generalization
    • Horner R.H., Dunlap G., Koegel R.L., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes,. Edited by
    • Carr, E., 1988. “ Functional equivalence as a mechanism of response generalization ”. In Generalization and maintenance: Life-style changes in applied settings, Edited by: Horner, R.H., Dunlap, G., and Koegel, R.L., 221–241. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1988) Generalization and maintenance: Life-style changes in applied settings , pp. 221-241
    • Carr, E.1
  • 16
    • 0021988695 scopus 로고
    • Communicative assessment of nonverbal youths with severe/profound mental retardation
    • Cirrin, F.M., and Rowland, C.M., 1985. Communicative assessment of nonverbal youths with severe/profound mental retardation. Mental Retardation, 23(2): 52–62.
    • (1985) Mental Retardation , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 52-62
    • Cirrin, F.M.1    Rowland, C.M.2
  • 18
    • 0000911115 scopus 로고
    • Establishing communicative alternatives to the emission of socially motivated excess behavior: A review
    • Doss, S., and Reichle, J., 1989. Establishing communicative alternatives to the emission of socially motivated excess behavior: A review. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 14: 101–112.
    • (1989) Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps , vol.14 , pp. 101-112
    • Doss, S.1    Reichle, J.2
  • 19
  • 20
    • 0002579253 scopus 로고
    • Functional communication training using assistive devices: Effects on challenging behavior and affect
    • Durand, V.M., 1993. Functional communication training using assistive devices: Effects on challenging behavior and affect. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 9: 168–176.
    • (1993) Augmentative and Alternative Communication , vol.9 , pp. 168-176
    • Durand, V.M.1
  • 22
    • 0002337763 scopus 로고
    • Reducing severe behavior problems among persons with dual sensory impairments: An evaluation of a technical assistance model
    • Durand, V.M., and Kishi, G., 1987. Reducing severe behavior problems among persons with dual sensory impairments: An evaluation of a technical assistance model. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 12: 2–10.
    • (1987) Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps , vol.12 , pp. 2-10
    • Durand, V.M.1    Kishi, G.2
  • 23
    • 0011254759 scopus 로고
    • The transition from nonreferential to referential language in children acquiring American sign language
    • Folven, R.J., and Bonvillian, J.D., 1991. The transition from nonreferential to referential language in children acquiring American sign language. Developmental Psychology, 27: 806–816.
    • (1991) Developmental Psychology , vol.27 , pp. 806-816
    • Folven, R.J.1    Bonvillian, J.D.2
  • 24
    • 0016283877 scopus 로고
    • Use of operant techniques in the establishment and generalization of language: A review and analysis
    • Garcia, E.E., and DeHaven, E.D., 1974. Use of operant techniques in the establishment and generalization of language: A review and analysis. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 79: 169–178.
    • (1974) American Journal of Mental Deficiency , vol.79 , pp. 169-178
    • Garcia, E.E.1    DeHaven, E.D.2
  • 25
    • 84928839676 scopus 로고
    • New directions: Communication development in persons with severe disabilities
    • Goetz, L., and Sailor, W., 1988. New directions: Communication development in persons with severe disabilities. Topics in Language Disorders, 8: 41–54.
    • (1988) Topics in Language Disorders , vol.8 , pp. 41-54
    • Goetz, L.1    Sailor, W.2
  • 26
    • 0002409311 scopus 로고
    • Using a behavior chain interruption strategy to teach communication skills to students with severe disabilities
    • Goetz, L., Gee, K., and Sailor, W., 1985. Using a behavior chain interruption strategy to teach communication skills to students with severe disabilities. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 10: 21–30.
    • (1985) Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps , vol.10 , pp. 21-30
    • Goetz, L.1    Gee, K.2    Sailor, W.3
  • 28
    • 0040791411 scopus 로고
    • The emergence of intentional communication as a problem-solving strategy in the gorilla
    • Parker S.T., Gibson K.R., (eds), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,. Edited by
    • Gomez, J.C., 1990. “ The emergence of intentional communication as a problem-solving strategy in the gorilla ”. In "Language” and intelligence in apes and monkeys, Edited by: Parker, S.T., and Gibson, K.R., 333–355. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1990) "Language” and intelligence in apes and monkeys , pp. 333-355
    • Gomez, J.C.1
  • 31
    • 0020048946 scopus 로고
    • Development of the intention to communicate
    • Harding, C.G., 1982. Development of the intention to communicate. Human Development, 25: 140–151.
    • (1982) Human Development , vol.25 , pp. 140-151
    • Harding, C.G.1
  • 32
    • 0009380007 scopus 로고
    • Acting with intention: A framework for examining the development of the intention to communicate
    • Feagens L., Garvey C., Golinkoff R., Greenberg M.T., Harding C., Bohannon J.N., (eds), Norwood, NJ: Ablex,. Edited by
    • Harding, C.G., 1984. “ Acting with intention: A framework for examining the development of the intention to communicate ”. In The origins and growth of communication, Edited by: Feagens, L., Garvey, C., Golinkoff, R., Greenberg, M.T., Harding, C., and Bohannon, J.N., 123–135. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
    • (1984) The origins and growth of communication , pp. 123-135
    • Harding, C.G.1
  • 33
    • 0018451806 scopus 로고
    • The origins of intentional vocalisations in prelinguistic infants
    • Harding, C.G., and Golinkoff, R.M., 1979. The origins of intentional vocalisations in prelinguistic infants. Child Development, 50: 33–40.
    • (1979) Child Development , vol.50 , pp. 33-40
    • Harding, C.G.1    Golinkoff, R.M.2
  • 36
    • 0001846572 scopus 로고
    • Naturalistic language training techniques
    • Warren S.F., Rogers-Warren A., (eds), Austin, TX: Pro-Ed,. Edited by
    • Hart, B., 1985. “ Naturalistic language training techniques ”. In Teaching functional language, Edited by: Warren, S.F., and Rogers-Warren, A., 63–88. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
    • (1985) Teaching functional language , pp. 63-88
    • Hart, B.1
  • 37
    • 0019063633 scopus 로고
    • In vivo language intervention: Unanticipated general effects
    • Hart, B., and Risley, T.R., 1980. In vivo language intervention: Unanticipated general effects. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 13: 407–432.
    • (1980) Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , vol.13 , pp. 407-432
    • Hart, B.1    Risley, T.R.2
  • 38
    • 0026311317 scopus 로고
    • The effects of response efficiency on functionally equivalent competing behaviors
    • Horner, R.H., and Day, H.M., 1991. The effects of response efficiency on functionally equivalent competing behaviors. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24: 719–732.
    • (1991) Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , vol.24 , pp. 719-732
    • Horner, R.H.1    Day, H.M.2
  • 41
    • 0040183250 scopus 로고
    • Pragmatics and generalisation
    • Schiefelbusch R.L., Lloyd L.L., (eds), 2nd ed., Austin, TX: Pro-Ed, and,. Edited by
    • Kaiser, A.P., and Warren, S.F., 1988. “ Pragmatics and generalisation ”. In Language perspectives, acquisition, retardation and intervention, 2nd ed., Edited by: Schiefelbusch, R.L., and Lloyd, L.L., 393–442. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
    • (1988) Language perspectives, acquisition, retardation and intervention , pp. 393-442
    • Kaiser, A.P.1    Warren, S.F.2
  • 42
    • 84961452966 scopus 로고
    • Early cognitive skills as prerequisites to augmentative and alternative communication use: What are we waiting for?
    • Kangas, K.A., and Lloyd, L.L., 1988. Early cognitive skills as prerequisites to augmentative and alternative communication use: What are we waiting for?. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 4: 211–221.
    • (1988) Augmentative and Alternative Communication , vol.4 , pp. 211-221
    • Kangas, K.A.1    Lloyd, L.L.2
  • 43
    • 5844244410 scopus 로고
    • Communication intervention for the “difficult-to-teach” severely handicapped
    • Warren S.F., Rogers-Warren A., (eds), Austin, TX: Pro-Ed, and,. Edited by
    • Keogh, W.J., and Reichle, J., 1985. “ Communication intervention for the “difficult-to-teach” severely handicapped ”. In Teaching functional language, Edited by: Warren, S.F., and Rogers-Warren, A., 157–194. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
    • (1985) Teaching functional language , pp. 157-194
    • Keogh, W.J.1    Reichle, J.2
  • 46
    • 0013251396 scopus 로고
    • Extending the application of constant time delay: Teaching a requesting skill to students with severe multiple disabilities
    • Kratzer, D., Spooner, F., Test, D.W., and Koorland, M.A., 1993. Extending the application of constant time delay: Teaching a requesting skill to students with severe multiple disabilities. Education and Treatment of Children, 16: 235–253.
    • (1993) Education and Treatment of Children , vol.16 , pp. 235-253
    • Kratzer, D.1    Spooner, F.2    Test, D.W.3    Koorland, M.A.4
  • 48
    • 0019482905 scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor functioning and prelinguistic communication of severely and profoundly retarded individuals
    • Lobato, D., Barrera, R.D., and Feldman, R., 1981. Sensorimotor functioning and prelinguistic communication of severely and profoundly retarded individuals. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 85: 489–496.
    • (1981) American Journal of Mental Deficiency , vol.85 , pp. 489-496
    • Lobato, D.1    Barrera, R.D.2    Feldman, R.3
  • 50
    • 0025735903 scopus 로고
    • Communication profiles of two types of gestures using nonverbal persons with severe to profound mental retardation
    • McLean, J.E., McLean, L.K.S., Brady, N.C., and Etter, R., 1991. Communication profiles of two types of gestures using nonverbal persons with severe to profound mental retardation. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 34: 294–308.
    • (1991) Journal of Speech and Hearing Research , vol.34 , pp. 294-308
    • McLean, J.E.1    McLean, L.K.S.2    Brady, N.C.3    Etter, R.4
  • 51
    • 0009161208 scopus 로고
    • Application of pragmatics to severely mentally retarded children and youth
    • Schiefelbusch R.L., Lloyd L.L., (eds), 2nd ed., Austin, TX: Pro-Ed, and,. Edited by
    • McLean, J.E., and Snyder-McLean, L.K., 1988. “ Application of pragmatics to severely mentally retarded children and youth ”. In Language perspectives: Acquisition, retardation and intervention, 2nd ed., Edited by: Schiefelbusch, R.L., and Lloyd, L.L., 255–288. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
    • (1988) Language perspectives: Acquisition, retardation and intervention , pp. 255-288
    • McLean, J.E.1    Snyder-McLean, L.K.2
  • 52
    • 21144471979 scopus 로고
    • Communication intervention for adults with severe mental retardation
    • McLean, L.K., and McLean, J.E., 1993. Communication intervention for adults with severe mental retardation. Topics in Language Disorders, 13(3): 47–60.
    • (1993) Topics in Language Disorders , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 47-60
    • McLean, L.K.1    McLean, J.E.2
  • 53
    • 0006683713 scopus 로고
    • Two kinds of verbal behavior plus a possible third
    • Michael, J., 1985. Two kinds of verbal behavior plus a possible third. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 3: 1–4.
    • (1985) The Analysis of Verbal Behavior , vol.3 , pp. 1-4
    • Michael, J.1
  • 54
    • 84961429020 scopus 로고
    • Instructional techniques in alternative communication for students with severe intellectual handicaps
    • Mirenda, P., and Dattilo, J., 1987. Instructional techniques in alternative communication for students with severe intellectual handicaps. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 5: 143–152.
    • (1987) Augmentative and Alternative Communication , vol.5 , pp. 143-152
    • Mirenda, P.1    Dattilo, J.2
  • 55
    • 84928842024 scopus 로고
    • Augmenting communication for persons with autism: Issues and strategies
    • Mirenda, P., and Schuler, A.L., 1988. Augmenting communication for persons with autism: Issues and strategies. Topics in Language Disorders, 9: 24–43.
    • (1988) Topics in Language Disorders , vol.9 , pp. 24-43
    • Mirenda, P.1    Schuler, A.L.2
  • 56
    • 84935172059 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between sensorimotor and early communication abilities in developmentally delayed children
    • Mundy, P., Seibert, J.M., and Hogan, A.E., 1984. Relationship between sensorimotor and early communication abilities in developmentally delayed children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 30: 33–48.
    • (1984) Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , vol.30 , pp. 33-48
    • Mundy, P.1    Seibert, J.M.2    Hogan, A.E.3
  • 57
    • 0026826362 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for meeting the communication needs of persons with severe disabilities
    • March
    • National Joint Committee for the Communicative Needs of Persons With Severe Disabilities. 1992. Guidelines for meeting the communication needs of persons with severe disabilities. ASHA, 34 (Supp. 7) March: 1–8.
    • (1992) ASHA , vol.34 , pp. 1-8
  • 58
    • 0141919064 scopus 로고
    • Intentional communicative behavior of children with autism: Theoretical and practical issues
    • Prizant, B.M., and Wetherby, A.M., 1985. Intentional communicative behavior of children with autism: Theoretical and practical issues. Australian Journal of Human Communication Disorders, 13: 19–59.
    • (1985) Australian Journal of Human Communication Disorders , vol.13 , pp. 19-59
    • Prizant, B.M.1    Wetherby, A.M.2
  • 59
    • 0001813097 scopus 로고
    • Defining the decisions involved in designing and implementing augmentative and alternative communication systems
    • Reichle J., York J., Sigafoos J., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes,. Edited by
    • Reichle, J., 1991. “ Defining the decisions involved in designing and implementing augmentative and alternative communication systems ”. In Implementing augmentative and alternative communication: Strategies for learners with severe disabilities, Edited by: Reichle, J., York, J., and Sigafoos, J., 39–60. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1991) Implementing augmentative and alternative communication: Strategies for learners with severe disabilities , pp. 39-60
    • Reichle, J.1
  • 60
    • 0009801908 scopus 로고
    • The effect of prior intervention to establish generalized requesting on the acquisition of object labels
    • Reichle, J., Barrett, C., Tetlie, R.R., and McQuarter, R.J., 1987. The effect of prior intervention to establish generalized requesting on the acquisition of object labels. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 3: 3–11.
    • (1987) Augmentative and Alternative Communication , vol.3 , pp. 3-11
    • Reichle, J.1    Barrett, C.2    Tetlie, R.R.3    McQuarter, R.J.4
  • 61
    • 0009800753 scopus 로고
    • Teaching the use of a multipage direct selection communication board to an adult with autism
    • Reichle, J., and Brown, L., 1986. Teaching the use of a multipage direct selection communication board to an adult with autism. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 11: 68–73.
    • (1986) Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps , vol.11 , pp. 68-73
    • Reichle, J.1    Brown, L.2
  • 62
    • 0002450130 scopus 로고
    • Developing an initial communicative repertoire: Applications and issues for persons with severe disabilities
    • Kaiser A.P., Gray D.B., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, and,. Edited by
    • Reichle, J., Halle, J., and Johnston, S., 1993. “ Developing an initial communicative repertoire: Applications and issues for persons with severe disabilities ”. In Enhancing children's communication: Research foundations for intervention, Edited by: Kaiser, A.P., and Gray, D.B., 105–136. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1993) Enhancing children's communication: Research foundations for intervention , pp. 105-136
    • Reichle, J.1    Halle, J.2    Johnston, S.3
  • 63
    • 0001104467 scopus 로고
    • The selection of an augmentative system in communication intervention: A critique of decision rules
    • Reichle, J., and Karlan, G., 1985. The selection of an augmentative system in communication intervention: A critique of decision rules. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 10: 146–156.
    • (1985) Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps , vol.10 , pp. 146-156
    • Reichle, J.1    Karlan, G.2
  • 64
    • 0348044917 scopus 로고
    • Communication instruction for learners with severe handicaps: Some unresolved issues
    • Horner R.H., Meyer L.H., Fredericks H.D.B., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, and,. Edited by
    • Reichle, J., and Keogh, W.J., 1986. “ Communication instruction for learners with severe handicaps: Some unresolved issues ”. In Education of learners with severe handicaps: Exemplary service strategies, Edited by: Horner, R.H., Meyer, L.H., and Fredericks, H.D.B., 189–219. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1986) Education of learners with severe handicaps: Exemplary service strategies , pp. 189-219
    • Reichle, J.1    Keogh, W.J.2
  • 65
    • 0010717432 scopus 로고
    • Beginning an augmentative communication system with individuals who have severe disabilities
    • Remington R., (ed), New York: John Wiley, and,. Edited by
    • Reichle, J., Sigafoos, J., and Remington, B., 1991. “ Beginning an augmentative communication system with individuals who have severe disabilities ”. In The challenge of severe mental handicap, Edited by: Remington, R., 189–213. New York: John Wiley.
    • (1991) The challenge of severe mental handicap , pp. 189-213
    • Reichle, J.1    Sigafoos, J.2    Remington, B.3
  • 69
    • 84961462125 scopus 로고
    • Augmentative and alternative communication systems: Considerations for individuals with severe intellectual disabilities
    • Romski, M.A., and Sevcik, R.A., 1988. Augmentative and alternative communication systems: Considerations for individuals with severe intellectual disabilities. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 4: 83–92.
    • (1988) Augmentative and Alternative Communication , vol.4 , pp. 83-92
    • Romski, M.A.1    Sevcik, R.A.2
  • 70
    • 0002350526 scopus 로고
    • Augmented language development in children with severe mental retardation
    • Warren S., Reichle J., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, and,. Edited by
    • Romski, M.A., and Sevcik, R.A., 1992. “ Augmented language development in children with severe mental retardation ”. In Causes and effects in communication and language intervention, Edited by: Warren, S., and Reichle, J., 113–130. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1992) Causes and effects in communication and language intervention , pp. 113-130
    • Romski, M.A.1    Sevcik, R.A.2
  • 71
    • 0010714895 scopus 로고
    • Language learning through augmented means
    • Kaiser A.P., Grey D.B., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, and,. Edited by
    • Romski, M.A., and Sevcik, R.A., 1993. “ Language learning through augmented means ”. In Enhancing children's communication: Research foundations for intervention, Edited by: Kaiser, A.P., and Grey, D.B., 85–104. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1993) Enhancing children's communication: Research foundations for intervention , pp. 85-104
    • Romski, M.A.1    Sevcik, R.A.2
  • 72
    • 0023854029 scopus 로고
    • Establishment of symbolic communication in persons with severe retardation
    • Romski, M.A., Sevcik, R.A., and Pate, J.L., 1988. Establishment of symbolic communication in persons with severe retardation. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 53: 94–107.
    • (1988) Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders , vol.53 , pp. 94-107
    • Romski, M.A.1    Sevcik, R.A.2    Pate, J.L.3
  • 73
    • 0024335890 scopus 로고
    • Youngsters with moderate or severe mental retardation and severe spoken language impairments: I. Extant communicative patterns
    • Romski, M.A., Sevcik, R.A., Reuman, R., and Pate, J.L., 1989. Youngsters with moderate or severe mental retardation and severe spoken language impairments: I. Extant communicative patterns. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 54: 356–366.
    • (1989) Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders , vol.54 , pp. 356-366
    • Romski, M.A.1    Sevcik, R.A.2    Reuman, R.3    Pate, J.L.4
  • 74
    • 0028217610 scopus 로고
    • Adult-directed communications of youth with mental retardation using the system for augmenting language
    • Romski, M.A., Sevcik, R.A., Robinson, B., and Bakeman, R., 1994. Adult-directed communications of youth with mental retardation using the system for augmenting language. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 37: 617–628.
    • (1994) Journal of Speech and Hearing Research , vol.37 , pp. 617-628
    • Romski, M.A.1    Sevcik, R.A.2    Robinson, B.3    Bakeman, R.4
  • 75
    • 5844402895 scopus 로고
    • Effects of computer-keyboard teaching on the symbolic communication of severely retarded persons: Five case studies
    • Romski, M.A., White, R.A., Millen, C.E., and Rumbaugh, D.M., 1984. Effects of computer-keyboard teaching on the symbolic communication of severely retarded persons: Five case studies. The Psychological Record, 34: 39–54.
    • (1984) The Psychological Record , vol.34 , pp. 39-54
    • Romski, M.A.1    White, R.A.2    Millen, C.E.3    Rumbaugh, D.M.4
  • 76
    • 11744277239 scopus 로고
    • Development of the intention to communicate: The eye of the beholder
    • Feagans L., Garvey C., Golinkoff R., Greenberg M.T., Harding C., Bohanon J.N., (eds), Norwood, NJ: Ablex,. Edited by
    • Scoville, R., 1984. “ Development of the intention to communicate: The eye of the beholder ”. In The origins and growth of communication, Edited by: Feagans, L., Garvey, C., Golinkoff, R., Greenberg, M.T., Harding, C., and Bohanon, J.N., 109–122. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
    • (1984) The origins and growth of communication , pp. 109-122
    • Scoville, R.1
  • 77
    • 0002330010 scopus 로고
    • Nonsymbolic communication development: Theoretical concepts and educational strategies
    • Goetz L., Guess D., Stremel-Campbell K., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, and,. Edited by
    • Siegel-Causey, E., and Downing, J., 1987. “ Nonsymbolic communication development: Theoretical concepts and educational strategies ”. In Innovative program design for individuals with dual sensory impairments, Edited by: Goetz, L., Guess, D., and Stremel-Campbell, K., 15–47. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1987) Innovative program design for individuals with dual sensory impairments , pp. 15-47
    • Siegel-Causey, E.1    Downing, J.2
  • 78
    • 0003508203 scopus 로고
    • New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts
    • Skinner, B.F., 1957. Verbal behavior, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
    • (1957) Verbal behavior
    • Skinner, B.F.1
  • 80
    • 84925914673 scopus 로고
    • Communicative and cognitive abilities and disabilities in the sensori-motor period
    • Snyder, L.S., 1978. Communicative and cognitive abilities and disabilities in the sensori-motor period. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 24: 161–179.
    • (1978) Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , vol.24 , pp. 161-179
    • Snyder, L.S.1
  • 84
    • 84976922392 scopus 로고
    • Assessing non-linguistic communication skills of students with severe or profound handicaps: Towards a research agenda
    • Sternberg, L., Ehren, B., Lefferts, L., and Elorata, R., 1988. Assessing non-linguistic communication skills of students with severe or profound handicaps: Towards a research agenda. Journal of Childhood Communication Disorders, 11: 275–286.
    • (1988) Journal of Childhood Communication Disorders , vol.11 , pp. 275-286
    • Sternberg, L.1    Ehren, B.2    Lefferts, L.3    Elorata, R.4
  • 85
    • 0002882722 scopus 로고
    • Empirical versus logical issues in the transition from prelinguistic to linguistic communication
    • Golinkoff R.M., (ed), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum,. Edited by
    • Sugarman, S., 1983. “ Empirical versus logical issues in the transition from prelinguistic to linguistic communication ”. In The transition from prelinguistic to linguistic communication, Edited by: Golinkoff, R.M., 133–145. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1983) The transition from prelinguistic to linguistic communication , pp. 133-145
    • Sugarman, S.1
  • 86
    • 0005106133 scopus 로고
    • The development of preverbal communication: Its contribution and limits in promoting the development of language
    • Schiefelbusch R.L., Picker J., (eds), Baltimore: University Park Press,. Edited by
    • Sugarman, S., 1984. “ The development of preverbal communication: Its contribution and limits in promoting the development of language ”. In The acquisition of communicative competence, Edited by: Schiefelbusch, R.L., and Picker, J., 23–68. Baltimore: University Park Press.
    • (1984) The acquisition of communicative competence , pp. 23-68
    • Sugarman, S.1
  • 89
    • 0003316803 scopus 로고
    • Profiling young children's communicative competence
    • Warren S.F., Reichle J., (eds), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, and,. Edited by
    • Wetherby, A.M., and Prizant, B.M., 1992. “ Profiling young children's communicative competence ”. In Causes and effects in communication and language intervention, Edited by: Warren, S.F., and Reichle, J., 217–254. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
    • (1992) Causes and effects in communication and language intervention , pp. 217-254
    • Wetherby, A.M.1    Prizant, B.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.