Latin American Amnesties in Comparative Perspective: Can the Past Be Buried?

Ethics and International Affairs

Volumn 13, Issue , 1999, Pages 99-122

  Popkin, Margaret ^a   Bhuta, Nehal ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84937184846     PISSN: 08926794     EISSN: 17477093     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-7093.1999.tb00329.x     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. D. Orentlicher, “Settling Accounts: The Duty to Prosecute Human Rights Violations of a Prior Regime,” Yale Law Journal 100 (1991), pp. 2537–615
2. N. Roht-Arriaza, ed., Impunity and Human Rights in International Law and Practice (New York: Clarendon, 1995)
3. N. Roht-Arriaza, “State Responsibility to Investigate and Prosecute Grave Human Rights Violations in International Law,” California Law Review 78 (1990), pp. 451–513.
4. Luc Huyse, “Justice after Transition: On the Choices Successor Elites Make in Dealing with the Past,” in Neil J. Kritz, ed., Transitional Justice: How Emerging Democracies Reckon with Former Regimes, vol. 1 (Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1995), pp. 337–49.
5. Carlos H. Acuna and Catalina Smulovitz, “Guarding the Guardians in Argentina: Some Lessons about the Risks and Benefits of Empowering the Courts,” in A. James McAdams, ed., Transitional Justice and the Rule of Law in New Democracies (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1997), pp. 93–122.
6. See Arts. 1(1) and 25, American Convention on Human Rights, signed November 22, 1969, entry into force July 18, 1978
7. reprinted in Basic Documents Pertaining to Human Rights in the Inter-American System, OEA/Ser.L.V/II.92, doc. 31, rev. 3 (May 3, 1996), pp. 25–53.
8. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, report no. 36/96 (Chile), 95th Sess., OEA/Ser. L/V/II/95 (Oct. 15, 1996), pp. 157–83.
9. On the applicability of the convention to acts committed before the state became a party, see Genie Lacayo v. Nicaragua (Inter-American Court on Human Rights, Decision on Preliminary Objections in a Case of Alleged Arbitrary Killing of a Civilian Car Driver by Members of a Military Convoy), reprinted in Human Rights Journal 16 (1995), pp. 414ff.
10. Chile report, para. 77
11. citing Velásquez-Rodriguez case, Judgment, July 29, 1988, Ser. C, No. 4, para. 174.
12. Juan Méndez, afterword to The Flight: Confessions of an Argentine Dirty Warrior, by Horacio Verbitsky (New York: The New Press, 1996), pp. 160–79.
13. Letter to Margaret Popkin from Toni Pfanner, Head of Legal Division, ICRC Headquarters, Geneva, April 15, 1997.
14. N. Roht-Arriaza and L. Gibson, “The Developing Jurisprudence on Amnesty,” Human Rights Quarterly 20 (1998), pp. 847–85, at p. 867.
15. Tina Rosenberg, “What Did You Do in the War, Mama?” New York Times Magazine, February 1999, pp. 52, 93.
16. New York Times Magazine.
17. See Mendez, afterword to The Flight, pp. 160–79.
18. afterword to The Flight, p. 166.
19. Scilingo's account was published in Horacio Verbitsky, El Vuelo (Buenos Aires: Planeta, 1995)
20. published in English as The Flight: Confessions of an Argentine Dirty Warrior (New York: The New Press, 1996).
21. For a discussion of these cases, see Martin Abregú, “La tutela judicial del derecho a la verdad en la Argentina,” Revista IIDH 24 (1996), pp. 11–49.
22. See Francesco Relea, “La Corte Suprema argentina cierra la puerta a las investigaciones sobre los desaparecidos,” El Pais, August 15, 1998. Http://www.elpais.es/p/d/19980815/internac/baires.htm.
23. “El jefe del Ejercito argentifto teconoce los crimenes de la dictadura,” El Pais, February 13, 1998. Http://www.elpais.ed/p/d/19980213/internac/argent.htm.
24. “La justicia argentina busca a los culpables dc cerca de 200 secuestros de ninos en la dictadura,” El Pais, June 11, 1998. Http://www.elpais.es/p/d/19980611/internac/argent.htm.
25. See Jorge Correa Sutil, “No Victorious Army Has Ever Been Prosecuted. The Unsettled Story of Transitional Justice in Chile,” in McAdams, ed., Transitional Justice, pp. 123–54.
26. “Chile Allowed to Participate in Pinochet Hearing,” CNN, January 13, 1999.
27. Human Rights Watch, “Pinochet in Chile: Guaranteed Impunity” (December 1998).
28. See Comisionado Nacional de Protectión de los Derechos Humanos, Los Hechos Hablan por Si Mismos (Tegucigalpa, Honduras: Ed. Guaymuras, 1994)
29. translated into English as Honduras: The Facts Speak for Themselves (New York: Human Rights Watch/Americas and Center for Justice and International Law, 1994).
30. “El Ejército hondure&o justifica la represión como ‘politica de Estado,’” El Pais, February 25, 1998. Http://www.elpais/p/d/l9980225/internac/hondu.htm.
31. For a description of this law, challenges to it, and its early application, see M. Popkin, “Guatemala's national reconciliation law: combatting impunity or continuing it?” Revista IIDH 24 (1997), p. 173.
32. “Guatemala Memory of Silence, Report of the Commission for Historical Clarification, Conclusion and Recommendations” (February 1999), p. 41.
33. Report of the Commission for Historical Clarification, Conclusion and Recommendations, p. 58.
34. South African Interim Constitution, epilogue.
35. AZAPO v. President of the Republic of South Africa, CCT 17/96, at 29 (July 29, 1996).
36. “Amnesty Decision on Death of Steve Biko” (press release issued by Truth and Reconciliation Commission, South Africa, February 16, 1999). Http://www.truth.org.za/pr/p990216a.htm.
37. Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Final Report, October 29, 1998, vol. 5, chap. 8, p. 309.
38. Aryeh Neier, War Crimes: Brutality, Genocide, Terror and the Struggle for Justice (New York: Times Books, 1998), p. 105.
39. See generally Roht-Arriaza and Gibson, “The Developing Jurisprudence on Amnesty.”