Analysis and design of Coleman transform-based individual pitch controllers for wind-turbine load reduction

Wind Energy

Volumn 18, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1451-1468

  Lu, Q ^a   Bowyer, R ^b   Jones, B Ll ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SURREY   (United Kingdom)

^b McLaren Automotive Ltd   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Coleman transformation; H loop shaping; individual pitch control; load reduction

Indexed keywords

CONTROLLERS; DESIGN; DISTURBANCE REJECTION; DYNAMIC LOADS; WIND TURBINES;

ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS; COLEMAN; GAIN AND PHASE MARGIN; INDIVIDUAL PITCH CONTROL; LOAD REDUCTION; LOOP-SHAPING; MULTIVARIABLE DESIGN; TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM;

PROCESS CONTROL;

EID: 84937162089     PISSN: 10954244     EISSN: 10991824     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/we.1769     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Barlas TK, Van Kuik GAM,. Review of state of the art in smart rotor control research for wind turbines. Progress in Aerospace Sciences 2010; 46: 1-27. [Online]. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376042109000293. (Accessed January 2014).
2. Pao LY, Johnson KE,. A tutorial on the dynamics and control of wind turbines and wind farms, American Control Conference, St. Louis, MO, USA, 2009; 2076-2089. [Online]. Available: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs-all.jsp?arnumber=5160195. (Accessed January 2014).
3. Muljadi E, Butterfield CP,. Pitch-controlled variable-speed wind turbine generation. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2001; 37: 240-246. [Online]. Available: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs-all.jsp?arnumber=903156. (Accessed January 2014).
4. Coleman RP, Feingold AM,. Theory of Self-Excited Mechanical Oscillations of Helicopter Rotors with Hinged Blades. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, (NACA) Report 1351, 1957.
5. Vas P,. Electrical Machines and Drives: A Space-Vector Theory Approach, Vol. 25. Oxford University Press: USA, 1992.
6. Bossanyi EA,. Individual blade pitch control for load reduction. Wind Energy 2003; 6: 119-128. [Online]. Available: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/we.76/abstract. (Accessed January 2014).
7. Van Engelen TG, Van der Hooft EL, Individual pitch control inventory. Technical Report ECN-E-03-138, ECN, Petten, the Netherlands, 2005.
8. Zhang Y, Chen Z, Cheng M,. Proportional resonant individual pitch control for mitigation of wind turbines loads. IET Renewable Power Generation 2013; 7: 191-200. [Online]. Available: http://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-rpg.2012.0282. (Accessed January 2014).
9. Selvam K, Kanev S, Van Wingerden JW, Van Engelen T, Verhaegen M,. Feedback-feedforward individual pitch control for wind turbine load reduction. International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 2009; 19: 72-91. [Online]. Available: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rnc.1324/abstract. (Accessed January 2014).
10. Geyler M, Caselitz P,. Robust multivariable pitch control design for load reduction on large wind turbines. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 2008; 130: 030301-1. [Online]. Available: http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=20604937. (Accessed January 2014).
11. Bossanyi EA,. Further load reductions with individual pitch control. Wind Energy 2005; 8: 481-485. [Online]. Available: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/we.166/abstract. (Accessed January 2014).
12. Van Engelen T,. Design model and load reduction assessment for multi-rotational mode individual pitch control (higher harmonics control). European Wind Energy Conference, Athens, Greece, 2006; 27-2.
13. Bossanyi E, Wright A,. Field testing of individual pitch control on the NREL cart-2 wind turbine. EWEC2009-European Wind Energy Conference & Exhibition, Marseille, France, 2009.
14. Stol KA, Moll HG, Bir G, Namik H,. A comparison of multi-blade coordinate transformation and direct periodic techniques for wind turbine control design, Proceedings of the 47th AIAA/ASME, Orlando, FL, USA, 2009. [Online]. Available: http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/pdf/10.2514/6.2009-479. (Accessed January 2014).
15. Doyle J,. Guaranteed margins for LQG regulators. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Aug 1978; 23: 756-757.
16. McFarlane D, Glover K,. A loop shaping design procedure using H ∞ synthesis. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 1992; 37: 759-769.
17. Skogestad S, Postlethwaite I,. Multivariable Feedback Control: Analysis and Design. John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1996.
18. Houtzager I, van Wingerden JW, Verhaegen M,. Wind turbine load reduction by rejecting the periodic load disturbances. Wind Energy 2012; 16: 235-256. [Online]. Available: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/we.547/full. (Accessed January 2014).
19. Stol KA, Balas MJ,. Periodic disturbance accommodating control for blade load mitigation in wind turbines. Transactions-American Society of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 2003; 125: 379-385.
20. Namik H, Stol K,. Individual blade pitch control of floating offshore wind turbines. Wind Energy 2010; 13: 74-85. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/we.332. (Accessed January 2014).
21. Namik H, Stol K,. Performance analysis of individual blade pitch control of offshore wind turbines on two floating platforms. Mechatronics 2011; 21: 691-703. [Online]. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095741581000214X. (Accessed January 2014).
22. Nourdine S, Camblong H, Vechiu I, Tapia G,. Comparison of wind turbine LQG controllers using individual pitch control to alleviate fatigue loads, 18th Mediterranean Conference on Control & Automation (MED), Marrakech, Morocco, 2010; 1591-1596. DOI: 10.1109/MED.2010.5547822.
23. Bir G,. Multiblade coordinate transformation and its application to wind turbine analysis. Proceedings of AIAA/ASME Wind Energy Symposium, Reno, Nevada, 2008; 1-12. [Online]. Available: http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/pdf/10.2514/6.2008-1300. (Accessed January 2014).
24. Leithead WE, Neilson V, Dominguez S, Dutka A,. A novel approach to structural load control using intelligent actuators. 17th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2009; 1257-1262. [Online]. Available: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs-all.jsp?arnumber=5164719. (Accessed January 2014).
25. Larsen TJ, Madsen HA, Thomsen K,. Active load reduction using individual pitch, based on local blade flow measurements. Wind Energy 2005; 8: 67-80. [Online]. Available: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/we.141/abstract. (Accessed January 2014).
26. Van Engelen T,. Control design based on aero-hydro-servo-elastic linear models from TURBU (ECN). Proceeding of the European Wind Energy Conference, Milan, Italy, 2007; 68-81.
27. Hyde RA, Glover K, Shanks GT,. VSTOL first flight of an H-infinity control law. Computing and Control Engineering Journal 1995; 6: 11-16.
28. Chu Y, Glover K, Dowling AP,. Control of combustion oscillations via H ∞ loop-shaping, μ-analysis and Integral Quadratic Constraints. Automatica 2003; 39: 219-231.
29. Dahan JA, Morgans AS, Lardeau S,. Feedback control for form-drag reduction on a bluff body with a blunt trailing edge. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2012; 704: 360-387.
30. Åström KJ, Murray RM,. Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers. Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 2008.
31. Vinnicombe G,. Uncertainty and Feedback. Imperial College Press: London, 2001.
32. Øye S,. Flex 5 user manual, Technical Report, Danske Techniske Hogskole, Denmark, 1999.
33. McFarlane D, Glover K,. Robust Controller Design using Normarlized Coprime Factor Plant Descriptions. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1990.