Postnatal depression among Sudanese women: Prevalence and validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale at 3 months postpartum

International Journal of Women's Health

Volumn 7, Issue , 2015, Pages 677-684

  Khalifa, Dina Sami ^a,b   Glavin, Kari ^c   Bjertness, Espen ^a   Lien, Lars ^d,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^b AHFAD UNIVERSITY FOR WOMEN   (Sudan)

^c VID SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY   (Norway)

^d INNLANDET HOSPITAL TRUST   (Norway)

^e INLAND NORWAY UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES   (Norway)

Author keywords

Developing countries; Edinburgh postnatal depression scale; Epidemiology; Sensitivity; Specificity; Sudan

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; EDINBURGH POSTNATAL DEPRESSION SCALE; FALSE POSITIVE RESULT; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MINI INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PREVALENCE; PUERPERAL DEPRESSION; PUERPERIUM; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SUDANESE; VALIDATION PROCESS;

EID: 84936994860     PISSN: None     EISSN: 11791411     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S81401     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. World Health Organization. Mental Health Aspects of Women's Reproductive Health: A Global Review of the Literature. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.
2. O'Hara MW, Wisner KL, Asher N, Asher H. Perinatal mental illness: definition, description and aetiology. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;28:3-12.
3. Wachs TD, Black MM, Engle PL. Maternal depression: a global threat to children's health, development, and behavior and to human rights. Child Dev Perspect. 2009;3(1):51-59.
4. Engle PL. Maternal mental health: program and policy implications. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(Suppl):963S-966S.
5. Harpham T, Huttly S, De Silva MJ, Abramsky T. Maternal mental health and child nutritional status in four developing countries. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005;59:1060-1064.
6. Stuebe AM, Grewen K, Meltzer-Brody S. Association between maternal mood and oxytocin response to breastfeeding. J Womens Health. 2013;22(4):352-360.
7. Davis EP, Glynn LM, Schetter CD, Hobel C, Chicz-Demet A, Sandman CA. Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and cortisol influences infant temperament. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46(6):737-746.
8. Weinstock M. The potential influence of maternal stress hormones on development and mental health of the offspring. Brain Behav Immun. 2005;19:296-308.
9. Murray L, Cooper PJ. The impact of postpartum depression on child development. Int Rev Psychiatry. 1996;8:55-63.
10. Chung EK, McCollum KF, Elo IT, Lee HJ, Culhane JF. Maternal depressive symptoms and infant health practices among low-income women. Pediatrics. 2004;113(6):e523-e529.
11. Stern G, Kruckman L. Multi-Disciplinary perspectives on post-partum depression: an anthropological critique. Soc Sci Med. 1983;17(15):1027-1041.
12. Ho-Yen SD, Bondevik GT, Eberhard-Gran M, Bjorvatin B. Factors associated with depressive symptoms among postnatal women in Nepal. Acta Obstet Gynecol. 2007;86:291-297.
13. Pollock JI, Manaseki-Holland S, Patel V. Depression in Mongolian women over the first 2 months after childbirth: prevalence and risk factors. J Affect Disord. 2009;116:126-133.
14. Limlomwongse N, Liabsuetrakul T. Cohort study of depressive moods in Thai women during late pregnancy and 6-8 weeks of postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Arch Womens Ment Health. 2006;9:131-138.
15. Faisal-Cury A, Tedesco JJA, Kahhale S, Menezes PR, Zugaib M. Postpartum depression: in relation to life events and patterns of coping. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2004;7:123-131.
16. Wan EY, Moyer CA, Harlowa SD, Fan Z, Jie Y, Yang H. Postpartum depression and traditional postpartum care in China: role of Zuoyuezi. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2009;104:209-213.
17. Affonsoa DD, Deb AK, Horowitzc JA, Mayberryd LJ. An international study exploring levels of postpartum depressive symptomatology. J Psychosom Res. 2000;49:207-216.
18. Nagpal J, Dhar RSG, Swati Sinha S, Bhargava V, Sachdeva A, Bhartia A. An exploratory study to evaluate the utility of an adapted Mother Generated Index (MGI) in assessment of postpartum quality of life in India. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2008;6:107.
19. Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan. Sudan Mental Health; Draft National Policy. Khartoum: Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan; 2006.
20. Salah TTM, Abdelrahman A, Lien L, Eide AH, Martinez P, Hauff E. The mental health of internally displaced persons: an epidemiological study of adults in two settlements in Central Sudan. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2013;59(8):782-788.
21. Shaaban KMA, Baasharb TA. A community study of depression in adolescent girls: prevalence and its relation to age. Med Princ Pract. 2003;12:256-259.
22. Ghubash R, Abou-Saleh MT, Daradkeh TK. The validity of the Arabic Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1997;32:474-476.
23. Lawrie TA, Hofmeyr GJ, De Jager M, Berk M. Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale on a cohort of South African women. S Afr Med J. 1998;88(10):1340-1344.
24. Tesfaye M, Hanlon C, Wondimagegn D, Alem A. Detecting postnatal common mental disorders in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Kessler Scales. J Affect Disord. 2010;122:102-108.
25. Uwakwe R. Affective (depressive) morbidity in puerperal Nigerian women: validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003;107:251-259.
26. Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan. Health Care Financing and Delivery. Khartoum: Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan; 2012.
27. Central Bureau of Statistics, National Ministry of Health. Sudan Household Survey 2010 - 2nd Round. Khartoum: Central Bureau of Statistics, National Ministry of Health; 2010.
28. Ibnouf AH, Borne HW, Maarse JA. Utilization of antenatal care services by Sudanese women in their reproductive age. Saudi Med J. 2007;28(5):737-743.
29. Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression: development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry. 1987;150:782-786.
30. Cox J, Holden J, Henshaw C. Perinatal Mental Health. The Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Manual. 2nd ed. London: RCPsych Publications; 2014.
31. Kaminsky LM, Carlo J, Muench MV, Nath C, Harrigan JT, Canterino J. Screening for postpartum depression with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in an indigent population: does a directed interview improve detection rates compared with the standard self-completed questionnaire? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2008;21(5):321-325.
32. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavas J, Weiller E. The MINI- International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59(suppl 20):22-33.
33. Fisher J, Cabral de Mello M, Patel V, et al. Prevalence and determinants of common perinatal mental disorders in women in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ. 2012;90:139G-149G.
34. Agoub M, Moussaoui D, Battas O. Prevalence of postpartum depression in a Moroccan sample. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2005;8:37-43.
35. Chaaya M, Campbell OMR, El Kak F, Shaar D, Harb H, Kaddour A. Postpartum depression: prevalence and determinants in Lebanon. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2002;5:65-72.
36. Nakku JEM, Nakasi G, Mirembe F. Postpartum major depression at six weeks in primary health care: prevalence and associated factors. Afr Health Sci. 2006;6(4):207-214.
37. Berle JO, Aarre TF, Mykletun A, Dahl AA, Holsten F. Screening for postnatal depression Validation of the Norwegian version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and assessment of risk factors for postnatal depression. J Affect Disord. 2003;76:151-156.
38. Regmi S, Sligl W, Carter D, Grut W, Seear M. A controlled study of postpartum depression among Nepalese women: validation of the Edinburgh Postpartum DepressionScale in Kathmandu. Trop Med Int Health. 2002;7(4):378-382.
39. Teng HW, Hsu CS, Shih SM, Lu ML, Pan JJ, Shen WW. Screening postpartum depression with the Taiwanese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Compr Psychiatry. 2005;46:261-265.
40. Aydin N, Inandi T, Yigit A, Hodoglugil NN. Validation of the Turkish version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale among women within their first postpartum year. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2004;39:483-486.
41. Karamustafalıoğlu O. Major depressive disorder, mental health care, and the use of guidelines in the Middle East. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010;71(suppl E1):e07.
42. Santoro K, Peabody H. NIHCM Foundation Issue Brief: Identifying and Treating Maternal Depression: Strategies and Considerations for Health Plans. Washington: National Institute for Health Care Management; 2010.
43. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Antenatal and Postnatal Mental Health: Clinical Management and Service Guidance. London: NICE; 2014.