Consumer marketing in britain 1914-60

Business History

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 1987, Pages 65-83

  Corley, T A B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

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EID: 84936628714     PISSN: 00076791     EISSN: 17437938     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00076798700000081     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. W.J. Reader, Imperial Chemical Industries: A History Vol. II: The First Quarter Century, 1926-1952 (London, 1975), p. 335.
2. R.A. Church, Kenricks in Hardware: A Family Business 1791-1966 (Newton Abbot, 1969), p.223.
3. Charles Wilson, Unilever 1945-1965 (London, 1968), p. 91.
4. B.W.E. Alford, ‘New Industries for Old? British Industry Between the Wars’, in Roderick Floud and Donald McCloskey, Te Economic History of Britain since 1700 Vol. 2: 1860 to the 1970s (Cambridge, 1981), p.328.
5. Wilson, Unilever 1945-1965, p.91.
6. Charles P. Kindleberger, Economic Growth in France and Britain 1851-1950 (Cambridge, MA, 1964), p. 125.
7. Alfred D. Chandler, ‘The Development of Modern Management Structure in the US and the UK’, in Leslie Hannah (ed.), Management Strategy and Business Development (London, 1976), p.28.
8. Roy Church, Herbert Austin: The British Motor Car Industry to 1941 (London, 1979), p.188;
9. Mira Wilkins and Frank Ernest Hill, American Business Abroad: Ford on Six Continents (Detroit, 1964), pp.23 ff.
10. R.J. Overy, William Morris, Viscount Nuffield (London, 1976), pp. 31 ff;
11. Kenneth Richardson, The British Motor Industry 1896-1939 (London, 1977), pp. 72 ff.
12. Church, Herbert Austin, pp. 89 ff.
13. T.A.B. Corley, Quaker Enterprise in Biscuits: Huntley & Palmers of Reading 1822-1972 (London, 1972), pp. 155 ff.
14. T.R. Gourvish and R.G. Wilson, ‘Profitability in the Brewing Industry 1885-1914’, Business History, Vol. XXVII, No.2 (July 1985), pp. 152-153.
15. Corley, Quaker Enterprise, pp. 134,161
16. P. W. Kingsford, ‘The Pioneers of Modern Management: William Stephens Clark’, The Manager, Dec. 1956 and Jan. 1957. G.B. Sutton, A History of Shoe Making in Street, Somerset: C. & J. Clark 1833-1903 (York, 1979), on the other hand, sees W.S. Clark'S marketing policy as cautious and failing to keep abreast of the latest developments, p. 190.
17. F.H. Wheldon, A Norvic Century, and the Men Who Made It (Norwich, 1946), p. 74.
18. Iolo A. Williams, The Firm of Cadbury 1831-1931 (London, 1931), pp. 84 ff.
19. A.C. Howe, ‘Sir Frank Hollins (1843-1924)’, in DBB, Vol. III, pp. 313-318;
20. F.A. Wells, Hollins and Viyella: A Study in Business History (Newton Abbot, 1968), pp. 88 ff.
21. D.C. Coleman, Courtaulds, An Economic and Social History Vol. 2: Rayon (Oxford, 1969), pp. 1 ff.
22. Before tackling this wordy volume the reader is advised to study Coleman'S abbreviation, ‘Courtaulds and the Beginning of Rayon’, in Barry Supple (ed.) Essays in British Business History (Oxford, 1977), pp. 88-100
23. and Douglas C. Hague, The Economics of Man-Made Fibres (London, 1957), pp. 21-28.
24. A scholarly history of advertising in Britain is badly needed. E.S. Turner, The Shocking History of Advertising! (London, 1952)
25. and T.R. Nevett, Advertising in Britain: A History (London, 1982) can in the meantime be consulted.
26. T.R. Nevett, ‘Samuel Herbert Benson (1854-1914)’, in DBB, Vol.I, pp.289-292; Peter Hadley (ed.), The History of Bovril Advertising (London, 1972).
27. P.H. Chisnall, Marketing Research (3rd ed., London, 1986), p.8;
28. Francis Goodall, ‘Marketing Consumer Products before 1914: Rowntrees and Elect Cocoa’, in R.P.T. Davenport-Hines (ed.), Markets and Bagmen: Studies in the History of Marketing and British Industrial Performance 1830-1939 (Aldershot, 1986), pp. 16 ff.
29. Corley, Quaker Enterprise p. 162;
30. idem., ‘Arthur Carr (1855-1947)’, in DBB, Vol.I, p.595.
31. Wilson, Unilever 1945-1965, p.92;
32. idem., The History of Unilever Vol. I (London, 1954), pp. 44
33. (for Lever'S idiosyncratic views on the function of advertising), p. 76.
34. The American Illustrator (undated, c. 1904) in Beecham archives, St Helens.
35. John H. Dunning, American Investment in British Manufacturing Industry (London, 1958), p.265.
36. Nevett, ‘S.H. Benson’, DBB, Vol. I, p. 290.
37. D.J. Jeremy, ‘Thomas Baron Russell (1865-1931)’, DBB, Vol. IV. p.992.
38. David Butler and Gareth Butler, British Political Facts 1900-1985 (6th ed., London, 1986), p.494.
39. Wilson, Unilever 1945-1965, p.99.
40. The history of market research in Britain calls out for a systematic survey. J. Walter Thompson, Lintas and the London Press Exchange carried out probably two-thirds of all market research in Britain before 1939: Mark Abrams, Social Surveys and Social Action (London, 1951), p.55 n.
41. Cadbury Brothers Ltd, Industrial Record 1919-1939 (Bournville, 1945), p. 32.
42. Abrams, Social Surveys, p.61.
43. British Market Research Bureau Ltd., Readings in Market Research (London, 1956), p. xxii.
44. Basil N. Reckitt, The History of Reckitt & Sons Ltd. (London, 1953), pp. 71 ff.
45. B.W.E. Alford, W.D. & H.O. Wills and the Development of the UK Tobacco Industry 1886-1965 (London, 1973), p.341.
46. R.P.T. Davenport-Hines, ‘John, first Lord Gretton (1867-1947)’, DBB, Vol. II, pp.660-663.
47. F.G. Wigglesworth, ‘The Evolution ofGuinness Advertising’, Journal of Advertising History.
48. Kenneth Hudson, Towards Precision Shoemaking (Newton Abbot, 1968), pp. 35,55.
49. Keith Brooker, ‘Arthur William Barratt (1877-1939)’, DBB, Vol. I, pp. 184-188.
50. Wells, Hollins and Viyella, pp. 149 ff.
51. Coleman, Courtaulds Vol.2, pp. 217-18, 271, 343
52. and idem., ‘Henry Dreyfus (1882-1944)’, DBB, Vol. II, pp. 178-180.
53. R.A. Kaner, ‘George James Harris (1895-1958)’, DBB, Vol. III, pp. 70-74.
54. David J. Jeremy, ‘Harold Vincent, first Viscount Mackintosh (1891-1964)’, DBB, Vol. IV, pp. 41-49.
55. James S. Adam, A Fell Fine Baker: The Story of United Biscuits (London, 1974), pp. 5, 79-80.
56. R.W. Ferrier, ‘Petrol Advertising in the Twenties and Thirties: The Case of the British Petroleum Company’, Journal of Advertising History, Vol. 9 (1986), pp. 29-51.
57. Castrol Ltd., Wheels, Wings and Water (privately printed, 1974), pp. 68-71.
58. Leslie Hannah, Electricity Before Nationalisation (London, 1979), pp. 186 ff.
59. Sue M. Bowden, ‘Sir Jules Thorn (1899-1980)’, DBB, Vol. V, pp. 507-510.
60. A.J. Youngson, The British Economy 1920-57 (London, 1960), pp. 141 ff.
61. Douglas A. Simmons, Schweppes: The First 200 Years (London, 1983), pp.78 ff.
62. Alford, W.D. & H.O. Wills, pp. 407 ff.
63. W.J. Corlett, The Economic Development of Detergents (London, 1958), pp. 161 ff;
64. H.R. Edwards, Competition and Monopoly in the British Soap Industry (London, 1962), pp. 208 ff.
65. H.G. Lazell, From Pills to Penicillin: The Beecham Story (London, 1975), pp. 101 ff.
66. Wells, Hollins and Viyella, pp. 221 ff.
67. D.C. Coleman, Courtaulds. An Economic and Social History, Vol. 3 (Oxford, 1980), pp.55 ff.
68. Hudson, Towards Precision Shoemaking, pp.82 ff.
69. T.A.B. Corley, Domestic Electrical Appliances (London, 1966), pp. 16 ff.
70. Susan Bowden, ‘Sir Charles Blampied Colston (1891-1969)’, DBB, Vol. I, pp. 756-757.
71. David Burgess-Wise, ‘Sir Patrick Hennessy (1898-1981)’, DBB, Vol. III, pp. 168-169.
72. Richard Overy, ‘Leonard Percy Lord, Lord Lambury (1896-1967)’, DBB, Vol.III, pp. 858-859;
73. G.T. Bloomfield, ‘Sir George William Harriman (1908-73)’, DBB, Vol. III, pp. 66-68;
74. Derek F. Channon, The Strategy and Structure of British Enterprise (London, 1973), p.105.
75. Corley, Domestic Electrical Appliances, pp. 50-59;
76. Robert Jones and Oliver Marriott, Anatomy of a Merger: A History of GEC, AEI and English Electric (London, 1970), pp.240-241.
77. Wilson, Unilever 1945-1965, pp. 98 ff.
78. W.J. Reader, Bowater: A History (Cambridge, 1981), pp. 239 ff;
79. Richard Ingrams (ed.), The Life and Times of Private Eye 1961-1971 (Harmondsworth, 1971), p.48.
80. Tom Corran, ‘Sir Hugh Eyre Campbell Beaver (1890-1967)’, DBB, Vol. I, pp. 234-6.
81. Lazell, From Pills to Penicillin, pp. 113,158;
82. Hudson, Towards Precision Shoemaking, p.82.
83. Lazell, From Pills to Penicillin, p.200;
84. T.A.B. Corley, A History of the Burmah Oil Company Vol. 2 (London, 1988, forthcoming), Ch.XII.
85. T.A.B. Corley, ‘Management Education and the Universities: Problems and Prospects’, Moorgate and Wall Street (Autumn 1965), pp. 58-72. The author attended the 1964 AMP at Durham as an academic participant.
86. Coleman, Courtaulds, Vol. 3, p. 317
87. quoted in Leslie Hannah, Engineers, Managers and Politicians: The First Fifteen Years of Nationalised Electricity Supply in Britain (London, 1982), p.189.
88. A somewhat negative view of entrepreneurship, which interestingly sees ‘good old straightforward “business history”’ as having ‘been for some time one of the deadest of all historical dead ends’ is given by Alan S. Milward, in a review of Vol. 7, Parts 1 and 2 of the Cambridge Economic History of Europe (Cambridge, 1978), in English Historical Review, Vol. 94 (1979), p.886.
89. W.J. Reader, ‘Personality, Strategy and Structure: Some Consequences of Strong Minds’, in Hannah (ed.), Management Strategy, p. 108.
90. Aubrey Silberston, ‘Factors Affecting the Growth of the Firm - Theory and Practice’, in D. Currie, D. Peel and W. Peters, Microeconomic Analysis: Essays in Microeconomics and Economic Development (London, 1981), p.344;
91. cf. comment by Richard Allard in Ibid., p.359.
92. Mark Casson, The Entrepreneur: An Economic Theory (Oxford, 1982), p. 395.