Determinants of sexual activity and pregnancy among unmarried young women in urban Kenya: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 2015, Pages

  Okigbo, Chinelo C ^a,b   Speizer, Ilene S ^a,b  

^a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTRACEPTIVE BEHAVIOR; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; FAMILY PLANNING; FEMALE; HUMAN; KENYA; MIGRATION; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PREGNANCY; PREMARITAL SEX; RELIGION; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; RESIDENTIAL AREA; RISK FACTOR; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL HEALTH; SEXUAL PRACTICE; SINGLE WOMAN; SOCIAL STATUS; TIME TO PREGNANCY; UNWANTED PREGNANCY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; HEALTH SURVEY; MALE; MARRIAGE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PROCEDURES; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; SEXUALITY; SINGLE (MARITAL STATUS); STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; UNPLANNED PREGNANCY; URBAN POPULATION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; CONTRACEPTION BEHAVIOR; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; KENYA; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MARRIAGE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY IN ADOLESCENCE; PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL PARTNERS; SINGLE PERSON; URBAN POPULATION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84935021765     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129286     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Patton GC, Coffey C, Sawyer SM, Viner RM, Haller DM, Bose K, et al. Global patterns of mortality in young people: a systematic analysis of population health data. The Lancet. 2009; 374(9693):881-92. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60741-8 PMID: 19748397
2. Chandra-Mouli V, Camacho AV, Michaud P-A. WHO guidelines on preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes among adolescents in developing countries. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2013; 52(5):517-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.002 PMID: 23608717
3. Blum RW. Youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2007; 41(3):230-8. PMID: 17707292
4. Marston C, Cleland J. Do unintended pregnancies carried to term lead to adverse outcomes for mother and child? An assessment in five developing countries. Population Studies. 2003; 57(1):77-93. PMID: 12745811
5. Gipson JD, Koenig MA, Hindin MJ. The effects of unintended pregnancy on infant, child, and parental health: a review of the literature. Studies in Family Planning. 2008; 39(1):18-38. PMID: 18540521
6. McCarthy J, Maine D. A framework for analyzing the determinants of maternal mortality. Studies in Family Planning. 1992; 23(1):23-33. PMID: 1557792
7. Ikamari L, Izugbara C, Ochako R. Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among women in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2013; 13(1):69.
8. Ganchimeg T, Ota E, Morisaki N, Laopaiboon M, Lumbiganon P, Zhang J, et al. Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2014; 121(s1):40-8.
9. Kabiru CW, Orpinas P. Factors associated with sexual activity among high-school students in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Adolescence. 2009; 32(4):1023-39. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.08.001 PMID: 18851878
10. Gage AJ, Meekers D. Sexual activity before marriage in sub-Saharan Africa. Biodemography and Social Biology. 1994; 41(1-2):44-60.
11. Marston M, Beguy D, Kabiru C, Cleland J. Predictors of sexual debut among young adolescents in Nairobi's informal settlements. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2013; 39 (1):22-31. doi: 10.1363/3902213 PMID: 23584465
12. Luke N. Age and economic asymmetries in the sexual relationships of adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa. Studies in Family Planning. 2003; 34(2):67-86. PMID: 12889340
13. Marston C, King E. Factors that shape young people's sexual behaviour: a systematic review. The Lancet. 2006; 368(9547):1581-6. PMID: 17084758
14. Meekers D. Sexual initiation and premarital childbearing in sub-Saharan Africa. Population Studies. 1994; 48(1):47-64.
15. Gupta N, Katende C, Bessinger R. Associations of mass media exposure with family planning attitudes and practices in Uganda. Studies in Family Planning. 2003; 34(1):19-31. PMID: 12772443
16. Nalugoda F, Guwatudde D, Bwaninka JB, Makumbi FE, Lutalo T, Kagaayi J, et al. Marriage and the Risk of Incident HIV infection in Rakai, Uganda. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2014; 65(1):91-8. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a7f08a PMID: 24419066
17. Sanga K, Mola G, Wattimena J, Justesen A, Black K. Unintended pregnancy amongst women attending antenatal clinics at the Port Moresby General Hospital. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2014; 54(4):360-5. doi: 10.1111/ajo.12219 PMID: 24845534
18. Luke N, Xu H, Mberu BU, Goldberg RE. Migration experience and premarital sexual initiation in urban Kenya: An event history analysis. Studies in Family Planning. 2012; 43(2):115-26. PMID: 23175950
19. Dodoo F, Zulu EM, Ezeh AC. Urban-rural differences in the socioeconomic deprivation-Sexual behavior link in Kenya. Social Science & Medicine. 2007; 64(5):1019-31.
20. Were M. Determinants of teenage pregnancies: The case of Busia District in Kenya. Economics & Human Biology. 2007; 5(2):322-39.
21. Magadi MA, Agwanda AO. Determinants of transitions to first sexual intercourse, marriage and pregnancy among female adolescents: evidence from South Nyanza, Kenya. Journal of Biosocial Science. 2009; 41(03):409-27.
22. Beguy D, Kabiru CW, Zulu EM, Ezeh AC. Timing and sequencing of events marking the transition to adulthood in two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Urban Health. 2011; 88(2):318-40.
23. Chiao C, Mishra V. Trends in primary and secondary abstinence among Kenyan youth. AIDS Care. 2009; 21(7):881-92. doi: 10.1080/09540120802537856 PMID: 20024745
24. Khan S, Mishra V. Youth reproductive and sexual health. DHS Comparative Report No 19. Calverton, Maryland USA: Macro International Inc, 2008.
25. Ngom P, Magadi MA, Owuor T. Parental presence and adolescent reproductive health among the Nairobi urban poor. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003; 33(5):369-77. PMID: 14596958
26. Jessor R, Jessor SL. Problem behavior and psychosocial development: A longitudinal study of youth. Academic Press, New York. 1977; XV:281.
27. Jessor R. Problem-behavior theory. In: Raithel J, editor. Risikoverhaltensweisen Jugendlicher Erklärungen, Formen, und Prävention (Adolescent Risk Behavior: Explanations, Forms, and Prevention). Opladen, Germany: Leske + Budrich.; 2001. p. 61-78.
28. Ndugwa RP, Kabiru CW, Cleland J, Beguy D, Egondi T, Zulu EM, et al. Adolescent problem behavior in Nairobi's informal settlements: applying problem behavior theory in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Urban Health. 2011; 88(2):298-317.
29. Agha S. Changes in the timing of sexual initiation among young Muslim and Christian women in Nigeria. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2009; 38(6):899-908. doi: 10.1007/s10508-008-9395-0 PMID: 18712467
30. Finer LB, Philbin JM. Trends in ages at key reproductive transitions in the United States, 1951-2010. Women's Health Issues. 2014; 24(3):e271-e9. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2014.02.002 PMID: 24721149
31. Guo W, Wu Z, Qiu Y, Chen G, Zheng X. The timing of sexual debut among Chinese youth. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2012; 38(4):196-204. doi: 10.1363/3819612 PMID: 23318169
32. Measurement Learning & Evaluation (MLE) Project, Tupange, KNBS. Baseline Household Survey for the Kenya Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (Tupange): final report. Chapel, NC: Measurement, Learning & Evaluation of the Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (MLE) [UNC, USA]; Kenya Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (Tupange) [Nairobi, Kenya]; and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) [Nairobi, Kenya]. 2011.
33. MLE Project. Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project for the Urban Reproductive Health Initative 2013 [cited 2014 August 5]. Available: www.urbanreproductivehealth.org.
34. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS). The 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census: Counting our people for the implementation of vision 2030. Volume 1C-Population distribution by Age, Sex and Administrative units. Nairobi, Kenya: KNBS, 2010.
35. Rutstein SO, Johnson K. The DHS wealth index. DHS Comparative Reports No. 6. Calverton, Maryland: ORC Macro, 2004.
36. StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP; 2013.
37. Dodoo FN-A, Zulu EM, Ezeh AC. Urban-rural differences in the socioeconomic deprivation-Sexual behavior link in Kenya. Social Science & Medicine. 2007; 64(5):1019-31.
38. Fatusi A, Blum R. Predictors of early sexual initiation among a nationally representative sample of Nigerian adolescents. BMC Public Health. 2008; 8(1):136.
39. Speizer IS, Hotchkiss DR, Magnani RJ, Hubbard B, Nelson K. Do service providers in Tanzania unnecessarily restrict clients' access to contraceptive methods? International Family Planning Perspectives. 2000; 26(1):13-42.
40. Curtis SL, Sutherland EG. Measuring sexual behaviour in the era of HIV/AIDS: the experience of Demographic and Health Surveys and similar enquiries. Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2004; 80(suppl 2):ii22-ii7. PMID: 15572636
41. Beguy D, Kabiru CW, Nderu EN, Ngware MW. Inconsistencies in self-reporting of sexual activity among young people in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2009; 45(6):595-601. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.014 PMID: 19931832
42. National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health Kenya. Kenya AIDS indicator survey 2012. Nairobi Kenya: 2012.