Mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect in Megacity Tehran

Advances in Meteorology

Volumn 2014, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Sodoudi, Sahar ^a   Shahmohamadi, Parisa ^b   Vollack, Ken ^a   Cubasch, Ulrich ^a   Che Ani, A I ^c  

^a FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^b Resilient Urban Planning + Development (RUPD) GbR   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84934901588     PISSN: 16879309     EISSN: 16879317     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2014/547974     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. A. Madanipour, "Urban planning and development in Tehran", Cities, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 433-438, 2006.
2. Z. Fanni, "Cities and urbanization in Iran after the Islamic revolution", Cities, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 407-411, 2006.
3. A. Madanipour, Tehran: The Making of a Metropolis, John Wiley & Sons, London, UK, 1998.
4. E. Ehlers and W. Floor, "Urban change in Iran, 1920-1941", Iranian Studies, vol. 26, no. 3-4, pp. 251-275, 1993.
5. M. Semsar, Tehran Eine Stadtgeographische Studie, Springer, Vienna, Austria, 1986.
6. N. Najmi, Iran-e Ghadim va Tehran-e Ghadim, Janzadeh, Tehran, Iran, 1984.
7. A. Farmanfarmaian and V. Gruen, "Tarh-e Jame-e Tehran, Tehran", Sazman-e Barnameh va Budgeh, Tehran, Iran, 1968.
8. M. R. Emmanuel, An Urban Approach to Climate-Sensitive Design; Strategies for the Tropics, Spon Press, London, UK, 2005.
9. D. N. Asimakopoulos, V. D. Assimakopoulos, N. Chrisomallidou et al., Energy and Climate in the Urban Built Environment, James & James Publication, London, UK, 2001.
10. T. R. Oke, "Towards better scientific communication in urban climate", Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol. 84, no. 1-3, pp. 179-190, 2006.
11. B. Givoni, Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design, John Wiley & Sons, Toronto, Canada, 1998.
12. T. R. Oke, "The energetic basis of the urban heat island", Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 108, no. 455, pp. 1-24, 1982.
13. M. Darand and A. Halabian, "Classification synoptic circulation patterns impacting on air pollution in Tehran", Journal of Applied Sciences Research, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 140-146, 2013.
14. IPCC, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
15. N. H. Wong and Y. Chen, Tropical Urban Heat Islands: Climate, Buildings and Greenery, Taylor & Francis, London, UK, 2009.
16. H. Akbari, L. S. Rose, and H. Taha, "Analyzing the land cover of an urban environment using high-resolution orthophotos", Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 2003.
17. A. Niachou, K. Papakonstantinou, M. Santamouris, A. Tsangrassoulis, and G. Mihalakakou, "Analysis of the green roof thermal properties and investigation of its energy performance", Energy and Buildings, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 719-729, 2001.
18. E. G. McPherson, D. J. Nowak, and R. A. Rowntree, "Chicago's urban forest ecosystem: results of the Chicago urban forest climate project", Tech. Rep. NE-186, Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1994.
19. A. H. Rosenfeld, H. Akbari, J. J. Romm, and M. Pomerantz, "Cool communities: strategies for heat island mitigation and smog reduction", Energy and Buildings, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 51-62, 1998.
20. T. Asaeda, V. T. Ca, and A. Wake, "Heat storage ofpavement and its effect on the lower atmosphere", Atmospheric Environment, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 413-427, 1996.
21. H. Taha, "Urban climates and heat islands: albedo, evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic heat", Energy and Buildings, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 99-103, 1997.
22. H. Akbari, S. Davis, S. Dosano, J. Huang, and S. Winnett, Cooling Our Communities: A Guidebook on Tree Planting and Light-Colored Surfacing, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA, 1992.
23. T. R. Oke, G. T. Johnson, D. G. Steyn, and I. D. Watson, "Simulation of surface urban heat islands under "ideal" conditions at night part 2: diagnosis of causation", Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 339-358, 1991.
24. E. I. Griggs, T. R. Sharp, and J. M. MacDonald, "Guide for estimating differences in building heating and cooling energy due to changes in solar reflectance of a low-sloped roof", Oak Ridge National Laboratory Report ORNL-6527, 1989.
25. H. Tong, A. Walton, J. Sang, and J. C. L. Chan, "Numerical simulation of the urban boundary layer over the complex terrain of Hong Kong", Atmospheric Environment, vol. 39, no. 19, pp. 3549-3563, 2005.
26. T. V. Ca, T. Asaeda, and E. M. Abu, "Reductions in air conditioning energy caused by a nearby park", Energy and Buildings, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 83-92, 1998.
27. Y. Kikegawa, Y. Genchi, H. Kondo, and K. Hanaki, "Impacts of city-block-scale counter measures against urban heat island phenomena upon a building's energy consumption for airconditioning", Applied Energy, vol. 83, no. 6, pp. 649-668, 2006.
28. H. Taha, S. Konopacki, and S. Gabersek, "Impacts of large scale modifications on meteorological conditions and energy use: A 10-regionmodeling study", Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol. 62, pp. 175-185, 1999.
29. Y. Ashie, V. C. Thanh, and T. Asaeda, "Building canopy model for the analysis of urban climate", Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 81, pp. 237-248, 1999.
30. W. T. L. Cow and A. J. Brazel, "Assessing xeriscaping as a sustainable heat island mitigation approach for a desert city", Building and Environment, vol. 7, pp. 170-181, 2011.
31. R. Priyadarsini, W. N. Hien, and C. K. W. David, "Microclimatic modeling oft he urban thermal environment of Singapore to mitigate urban heat island", Solar Energy, vol. 82, pp. 727-745, 2008.
32. E. Ahmadnezhad, K. H. Naieni, A. Ardalan et al., "Excess mortality during heat waves, Tehran Iran: an ecological timeseries study", Journal of Research in Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 24-31, 2013.
33. M. Bruse and H. Fleer, "Simulating surface-plant-air interactions inside urban environments with a three dimensional numerical model", Environmental Modelling and Software, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 373-384, 1998.
34. P. Zawar-Reza, "Numerical analysis of the 120 day wind over the Sistan Region, South-West Asia with TAPM", Clean Air and Environmental Quality, vol. 41, pp. 21-24, 2008.
35. W. Fisher, The Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 1 of Physical Geography, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1968.
36. S. M. Habibi and B. Hourcade, Atlas of Tehran Metropolis, Pardazesh va Barnamerizi -e Shahri Publications, Tehran, Iran, 2005.
37. T. R. Oke, Boundary Layer Climates, Routledge, London, UK, 2nd edition, 1987.
38. P. Zawar-Reza, T. Appelhans, M. Gharaylou, and A. Shamsipour, "Mesoscale controls on particulate matter pollution for a mega city in a semi-arid mountainous environment: Tehran, Iran", International Journal of Environment and Pollution, vol. 41, no. 1-2, pp. 166-183, 2010.
39. B. Alijani, "Temporal changes of Tehran temperature", in Proceedings of the Conference Proceedings of first regional on Climate Change, pp. 22-24, Tehran, Iran, 1997.
40. M. Jahadi Toroghi, "Variation of temperature and precipitation of Mashhad during 1951-1994", Iranian Quarterly Geographical Research Journal, vol. 54, pp. 151-165, 2000 (Persian).
41. A. Rasooli, "Analysis of time series of Tabriz air temperature", Iranian Nivar Journal, vol. 46, pp. 7-26, 2002 (Persian).
42. F. Rahimzadeh and A. Asgari, "A survey on recent climate change over IRAN", in Proceedings of 14th Global Warming International Conference & Expo, pp. 27-30, Boston, Mass, USA, 2003.
43. F. Rahimzadeh and A. Asgari, "A look at difference of increase rates of minimum with maximum temperature and at decrease rates of Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) in Iran", Iranian Quarterly Geographical Research Journal, vol. 73, pp. 153-171, 2005 (Persian).
44. M. Pedram, F. Rahimzadeh, F. Sahraian, and K. Noohi, "Change in the frost free season length and number of frost days in the west and east Azerbaijan provinces", in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Climate Change and the Middle East: Past, Present and Future, pp. 20-23, Istanbul Technical University, 2005.
45. F. Rahimzadeh, A. Asgari, and E. Fattahi, "Variability of extreme temperature and precipitation in Iran during recent decades", International Journal of Climatology, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 329-343, 2009.
46. S. Marofi, M. M. Sohrabi, K. Mohammadi, A. A. Sabziparvar, and H. Z. Abyaneh, Investigation of Meteorological Extreme Events over Coastal Regions of Iran, Springer, 2010.
47. F. Tagavi and H. Mohammadi, "Studying the return period of climatic extreme events in order to understand their environmental effects", Journal Environmental Studies, vol. 43, pp. 11-20, 2007.
48. S. Alijani and B. Alijani, "Analysis of climate hazards in relation to urban designing in Iran", Advances in Sciences and Research, vol. 6, pp. 173-178, 2011.
49. M. Vahedi, Tehran va masa'el-e zistmohiti. Seminar-e tadavom-e hayat dar baft-e shahrha-ye ghadimi-e, Elmva San'at University Press, Tehran, Iran, 1989.
50. D. O. Åström, F. Bertil, and R. Joacim, "Heat wave impact on morbidity and mortality in the elderly population: a review of recent studies", Maturitas, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 99-105, 2011.
51. S. Lofti and M. J. Koohsari, "Measuring objective accessibility to neighborhood facilities in the city (a case study: zone 6 in Tehran, Iran)", Cities, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 133-140, 2009.
52. A. R. Saatabadi and A. A. Bidokhti, "Urbanization effects on local climate in Tehran Megapolis", Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-21, 2011.
53. P. Shahmohamadi, U. Cubasch, S. Sodoudi, and A. I. Che-Ani, Air Pollution, chapter 11, INTECH Press, 2012, edited by B. Haryanto.
54. E. Ng, L. Chen, Y. Wang, and C. Yuan, "A study on the cooling effects of greening in a high-density city: an experience from Hong Kong", Building and Environment, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 256-271, 2012.
55. C. Rosenzweig, W. D. Solecki, L. Parshall, M. Chopping, G. Pope, and R. Goldberg, "Characterizing the urban heat island in current and future climates in New Jersey", Global Environmental Change B, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 51-62, 2005.
56. I. D. Stewart, "A systematic review and scientific critique of methodology in modern urban heat island literature", International Journal of Climatology, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 200-217, 2011.
57. Y. Zhou and J. M. Shepherd, "Atlanta's urban heat island under extreme heat conditions and potential mitigation strategies", Natural Hazards, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 639-668, 2010.
58. Y. H. Kim and J. J. Baik, "Maximum urban heat island intensity in Seoul", Journal of Applied Meteorolgy, vol. 41, pp. 651-659, 2002.
59. J. Unger, Z. Sümeghy, and J. Zoboki, "Temperature cross-section features in an urban area", Atmospheric Research, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 117-127, 2001.
60. Y. Liu, F. Chen, T. Warner, S. Swerdlin, J. Bowers, and S. Halvorson, "Improvements to surface flux computations in a nonlocalmixing PBL scheme, and refinements on urban processes in the Noah land-surface model with the NCAR/ATEC realtime FDDA and forecast system", in Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/16th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, Seattle, Wash, USA, January 2004.
61. S. Sodoudi, A. Noorian, M. Geb, and E. Reimer, "Daily precipitation forecast of ECMWF verified over Iran", Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol. 99, no. 1-2, pp. 39-51, 2010.
62. G. R. Roshan, S. Z. Shahraki, D. Sauri, and R. Borna, "Urban sprawl and climatic changes in Tehran", Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 43-52, 2010.
63. W. T. L. Chow and A. J. Brazel, "Assessing xeriscaping as a sustainable heat island mitigation approach for a desert city", Building and Environment, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 170-181, 2012.
64. X. Yang, L. Zhao, M. Bruse, and Q. Meng, "Evaluation of a microclimate model for predicting the thermal behavior of different ground surfaces", Building and Environment, vol. 60, pp. 93-104, 2013.
65. Y. Kikegawa, Y. Genchi, H. Kondo, and K. Hanaki, "Impacts of city-block-scale countermeasures against urban heat-island phenomena upon a building's energy-consumption for airconditioning", Applied Energy, vol. 83, no. 6, pp. 649-668, 2006.
66. Y. Ashie, V. T. Ca, and T. Asaeda, "Building canopy model for the analysis of urban climate", Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 81, pp. 237-248, 1999.
67. H. R. Jahani, "Role of ground water in the Tehran water supply", in Groundwater Management Practices, A. N. Findikakis and K. Sato, Eds., pp. 111-122, CRC Press, New York, NY, USA, 2011.
68. S. E. Asgharpour, H. Zanjani, and G. Taleghani, "Impact of urbanization on population changes in metropolitan area of Tehran, Iran", in Proceedings of the 3rd International Geography Symposium-GEOMED Symposium Proceedings, 2013.