History of England from the accession of James I to the outbreak of the civil war, 1603-1642: Volume 4: 1621-1623

History of England from the Accession of James I to the Outbreak of the Civil War, 1603-1642: Volume 4: 1621-1623

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 1-411

  Gardiner, Samuel Rawson ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 84931828938     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139093446     Document Type: Book

References (363)

1. On this subject I have given full particulars in a paper on Bacon's letters to Christian IV. Archteologia, vol. 12.
2. The King to the Mayor and Justices of Southampton, March 30, 1608, Cott. MSS. Tit. B. iii. fol. 1.
3. Cott. MSS. Tit. B. iii. fol. 2. s Speech in the Star Chamber, King James's Works, 522.
4. Dike's examination. Proceedings and Debates, i. 127
5. Elrington's Life of Usher. Works, i. 53.
6. Lords' Journals, iii. 18, 19.
7. Woodford to Nethersole, Feb. 17, S. P. Dom. cxix. 102.
8. Commons Journals, i. 522.
9. Calvert's Speech, Feb. 15, S. P. Dom. cxix. 97.
10. Proceedings and Debates, i. 47.
11. Report of the Council of War, Feb. 12, S. P. Dom. cxix. 93.
12. Speech of a Privy Councillor, Feb. 16, S. P. Dom. cxix. 98.
13. Proceedings and Debates, i. 36.
14. Proceedings and Debates, i. 45, 51
15. Chamberlain to-Carleton, Feb. 17. Murray to Carleton, Feb. 17
16. P. Dom. cxix. IOI, 103.
17. Salvetti's News-Letter, Feb. 23
18. Chamberlain to Carleton, Jan. 31, 5". P. Dom. cxix. 24.
19. Lords' Journals, iii. 19, 21, 22.
20. Mead to Stuteville, Feb. 24, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 21. Chamberlain to Carleton, Feb. 27, 5. P. Dom. cxix. 133. Council Register, Feb. 19. Sir E. Brydges' Memoirs of the Peers, 128.
21. The story was adopted by the House and inserted in their charge against Mompesson, from which I have printed extracts in a paper On Four Letters from Lord Bacon, in vol. xli. of the Archaologia. Proceedings and Debates, i. 63, 69, 73.
22. Proceedings and Debates, i. 89, 100, 102.
23. Proceedings and Debates, i. 103, 108, 112, 114
24. Commons Journals, 530-533
25. Locke to Carleton, March 3, S. P. Dom. cxx. 6
26. Despatch of Tillieres, March —, Haunter, ii. 306.
27. Commons' Journals, i. 537.
28. Proceedings and Debates, i. 44.
29. Proceedings and Debates, i. 89, 103.
30. Commons' Journals, i. 537.
31. Proceedings and Debates, i. 117.
32. Proceedings and Debates. i. 120
33. Commons' Journals, i. 546.
34. Commons' Journals. i. 547.
35. Woodford to Nethersole, March 15, S. P. Germany.
36. Bacon's Letters and Life, vii. 199.
37. 2 Proceedings and Debates, i. 143.
38. Woodford to Nethersole, March 15, .S". P. Germtiny. Meddus to Mead, Hart MSS. 389, fol 26b, Proceedings and Debates, i. 150. ii. App. 6.
39. Proceedings and Debates, i. 109. These forgeries must, as a rule, have related to matters of small weight, which would escape the notice of the Court. On one occasion on which Churchill ventured to tamper with a decree of importance he was, as will be seen, detected immediately.
40. In his anxiety to prove that there was a good understanding between Buckingham and Cranfield, Mr. Hepworth Dixon (Story of Lord Bacon's Life, 371) has said that Cranfield received a grant of ' a considerable share of the fines which belonged of right to the officers of Bacon's court, ' by which he got ' a pretext for overhauling the Entry Books and scrutinising the receipt of fees.' No doubt Mrs. Green, in her Calendar, states that Cranfield received a grant of the alienation fines on Dec. 22, 1620.
41. But her statement that it was made to Lord Cranfield at once provokes suspicion, as there was no such person in existence at the date, and a reference to the Patent Rolls shows that she was led into error by a mistake in an old index. The grant was made, not in 1620 but in 1621. It could not well be otherwise, as the fines belonged not to Bacon's officers, but to Bacon himself, and till he surrendered them after his sentence it was not in the King's power to grant them to Cranfield. Mrs. Green's reputation for accuracy stands deservedly so high that it is always worth while to notice any of the slips which are to be found, few and far between, in that calendar which few have had opportunity of testing so thoroughly as myself
42. Proceedings and Debates, i. 160, 164, Bacbn's Works, ed. Montagu, xvi., note G. G. G.
43. The common ancestor lived in the reign of Edward I. Ormerod's History of Cheshire, iii. 350.
44. Chancery Depositions, James I. E. 4, E. 15. Egerton v. Egerton. Will of Sir J. Egerton, recited in the Inquisition, p.m., Chancery Inquisitions, 21 Jac. I. Part 2, No. 104. It is only fair to E. Egerton to say that he was not present when Sir John's will was made.
45. Proceedings and Debates, i. 161
46. Bacon's Works, ed. Montagu, xvi. note G. G. G.
47. Order, Egerton v. Egerton, June 16, 1619, Order Book, 1618 A. fol. 1409.
48. Report of Doderidge, Hutton, and Yelverton, Nov. 19, 1627. Egerton v. Egerton, Masters' Reports. Order. Egerton v. Egerton, June 16, 1632. Order Book, 1631 A. fpl. 794
49. Commons Journals, i. 558
50. Proceedings and Debates, i. 183.
51. Commons Journals i. 560
52. Proceedings and Debates, i. 188.
53. Such is the feeling which seems to lie at the root of all his sayings at this time, and to be the explanation of the words used by his secretary Meautys
54. He seeth the way is already chalked out."—Bacon's Worksf ed. Montagu, xvi. note G. G. G.
55. Bacon to Buckingham, March 14, Letters and Life, vii. 213.
56. Bacon's Works, ed. Montagu, xvi. p. cccxxi Buckingham's Declaration, Lords' yournals, Hi. 54-1 Proceedings and Debates, i. 193 ; Commons1 Journals, i. 563.
57. Proceedings and Debates, i. 194
58. Commons' Journals, i. 563.
59. Lords' Journals, iii, 51, 53.
60. Lords' Journals. iii. 54.
61. Order, Willoughby v. Wharton, Oct. 30, 1619, Feb. 12, 1621, Order Booh, 1619 A. fol. 978, 1620 A. fol. 749. Miscellaneous Chancery
62. Proceedings ; Eliz. to James II. ; Bills and Answers ; Single Bills, 1620 - 2 4, Part 33, No. 98. Dalston v. Willoughby, May 11, 1622.
63. Proceedings and Debates, i. 203, 206. Order, Willoughby v. Wharton, June 2, 1620, Order Book, 1619 A. fol. 1541.
64. Orders, Willoughby v. Wharton, Feb. 12 ; Pargiter v. Wharton, March 12, 1621, Order Book, 1620 A. fol. 749, 801. Compare two imorders by Williams—Wharton v. Willoughby, Nov. 3, 1621, and Willoughby v. Wharton, Feb. 20, 1622, Order Book, 1621 A. fol. 88, 428.
65. The case was afterwards sent by Williams to the King's Bench for a decision on the validity of the conveyances. The decree which was tampered with is stated expressly in the order of Feb. 20, 1622, to have been that of Oct. 30, 1619, which is in fact the only substantive decree in the whole case.
66. Keeling said it was ' about the time of the passing of the decree.' (Proceedings and Debates, i. 202.) Gardner said more distinctly, ' three days before the decree was made' (Proceedings and Debates, i. 206), meaning, as appears from the context, the decree of June 29, 1620. If there were any reason to doubt this evidence it would be removed by Bacon's own confession that the money was received "pendente lite." If the first 100/. had not been received till after his judgment of June 29, ordering the entry of the October decree, he would surely have pointed out that, practically at least, the case, as far as he was concerned, was closed.
67. Chamberlain to Carleton, March 24, 6". P. Dom. cxx. 38. The writer does not state on what occasion the words were used. But it can hardly have been at any other moment than when this revelation was made.
68. Proceedings and Debates, i. 208.
69. "Whereas Mr. Shute, being of the defendants'" i. e. Lady Wharton's " counsel, came this present day and moved the Rt. Honble. the Lord Chancellor for the signing and passing of a decree drawn up by the Registrar upon the hearing of the said several causes the 30th of October last, the signing thereof hath been hitherto foreborne by reason of the petition preferred by the plaintiffs; which decree his lordship would not yet pass, being a matter of great moment in regard it hath rested so long without the hearing of the plaintiff's counsel what they can say to maintain their suggestions contained in their petition. For which purpose it is ordered that counsel on both sides shall attend in Court on the second Tuesday in the next term, when such further order shall be taken touching the passing of the said decree as shall be fit ; and the plaintiffs or one of them are to have notice hereof; to the end they may be provided at the time aforesaid, and the cause to be entered into the paper of that day."—Order, Willpughby v. Wharton, June I, 1620. Order Book, 1619 A. fol. 1290.
70. Proceedings and Debates, i. 206
71. Lords' Journals, iii. 61.
72. Brent to Beaumont, March 23, Bacon's Works, ed. Montagu, xvi. 328.
73. Bacon to the King, March 25, Letters and Life, viii. 225. s Lords' Journals, iii. 68.
74. In a letter written to Mead (ffarl. MSS. 389, fol. 43) it is said that the King spoke directly of the Chancellor. This does not appear from the printed speech. But the allusion is evident
75. Lords' yoarnals, iii. 73.
76. Proclamation, .5". P. Dom, clxxxvii. 91.
77. Bacon's Works, ed. Montagu, xvi. note G. G. G.
78. There has been considerable misunderstanding on this point, arising probably from a careless supposition that Bacon had been impeached by the Commons. This was not the case. No accusation had as yet been brought against him. The examination of witnesses was merely a preliminary investigation for the purpose of giving information to the Upper House. When the Lords had made up their minds to act upon it, then, and not till then, Bacon would be put on his trial, and would have a right to a copy of the charges.
79. Lords' Journals, in. 75.
80. Elsing's Notes, 9
81. Lords' Journals, iii. 78, 179.
82. Lords' Journals, iii. 74.
83. Bacon to the King, April 20, Letter? and Life, vii. 240.
84. Bacon to the King, April 21, Letters and Life, vii. 240.
85. Bacon to the Lords, April 22, Lords! Journals, iii. 84.
86. Elsing's Notes, 13. Lords' Journals, iii. 85.
87. Elsing's Notes, 18.
88. These are amongst the House of Lords' MSS. and were published by me in the Arckaologia, vol. xli.
89. I adopt Bacon's numbering in preference to that of the Lords.
90. These were the gifts brought by Hody, Monk, Holman, Fisher, Scott, Lenthall, Wroth, Dunch, Ruswell, and Barker.
91. The particulars of the case will be found in the Order Books, under the heading "Dominus St. John v. Englefield." In Trin T. and Mich T. 1617, there are two Masters' Reports headed "Viscount Montague v. Englefield."
92. Orders, Hansby v. Hansby, Order Book, 1616 A. fol. 1257, 1617 A. fol. 661, 965, 1051, 1228.
93. Order, Peacock v. Reynell, June 27, 1614, Order Book, 1614 A. fol. 1308.
94. Order, Reynell u. Peacock, Dec. 20, 1617, Order Book, 1617 A. fol. 389.
95. Elsing's Notes, 41. 2 Lords' Journals, iii. 103-104.
96. It will be seen that I have little sympathy with Lord Macaulay's view of Bacon's character. But there are wonderful flashes of common sense in his essay. For instance, when have the writers who believe in Bacons faultlessness, answered such an argument as this?—"It seems strange that Mr. Montagu should not perceive, that while attempting to vindicate Bacon's reputation, he is really casting on it the foulest of all aspersions. He imputes to his idol a degree of meanness and depravity more loathsome than judicial corruption itself. A corrupt judge may have many good qualities. But a man who, to please a powerful patron, solemnly declares himself guilty of corruption when he knows himself to be innocent, must be a monster of servility and impudence."
97. Lords' Journals, iii. 89, 95, 108.
98. Proceedings and Debates, i. 233, 241, 256, 279, 297
99. Lords' Journals, iii. 87.
100. This was probably a reflection from his own mind of Bacon's belief that he was attacked factiously. Bacon had not yet acknowledged his faults.
101. Proceedings and Debates, i. 285.
102. Proceedings and Debates i. 274. There is a copy of the Bill amongst the MSS. of the House of Lords
103. Proceedings and Debates, i. 297
104. Commons' Journals, i. 586. they were ready to welcome an assault upon Buckingham. He went down at once to the House, gave 1 Proceedings and Debates
105. Lords' Journals, iii. 81. Salvetti's News-Letter, M"y ? 7.
106. Lords' Journals, iii. 121.
107. Elsing's Notes, 42.
108. Lords Journals, iii. 104, 114
109. Lards' Journals, iii. m, 115
110. Elsing's Notes, 71.
111. Words spoken in the House, May 8, 5. P. Done exxi. 15.
112. Elsing's Notes, 77.
113. Elsing's Notes, 79.
114. Chamberlain to Carleton, May 19, June 9, S. P. Dom. cxxi. 44, 88.
115. Salvetti's News-Letter, May 19. It is worth while to compare this story, as told at the time, with that which has been adopted by subsequent writers from Wilson's history. Wilson makes Spencer follow Arundel with an imaginary speech, "When my ancestors were keeping sheep, yours were plotting treason, " omitting all reference to Spencer's real words. Both the letter and the spirit of the narrative are thus entirely sacrificed.
116. Lords' Journals, iii. 123, 124.
117. Chamberlain to Carleton, May 19, S. P. jDom. cxxi. 44.
118. Lords' Journals, iii. 76
119. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 3.
120. Proclamation, Dec. 24, 1620, S. P. Dom. clxxxvii. 87.
121. Chamberlain to Carleton, Feb. 3.
122. Locke to Carleton, Feb. 16, S. P. Dom. cxix. 64, 99.
123. Mead to Stuteville, March 10, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 37.
124. Description of Ward's Picture, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 13.
125. Mead to Stuteville, Feb. 24, 389, fol. 21. Petition of Ward, May 31, S. P. Dom. cxxx. 127.
126. Meddus to Mead, April 6 ; Mead to Stuteville, April 7, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 50, 48; Council Register, April 2.
127. Commons' Journals, i. 601
128. Proceedings and Debates, i. 370.
129. Commons' Journals, i. 603
130. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 5, 13.
131. Lords, and, ever since that evil day on which, surrounded 1 Commons' Journals, i. 604, 608
132. Lords' Journals, iii. 119, 124
133. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 15, 19
134. Hale's Jurisdiction of the Lords, 95.
135. See, for Floyd's case, Hargrave's preface to this work, xvi.
136. The case of Warren Hastings was an exception, as a question of Indian, not of English government.
137. Field to Buckingham, June (?), Harl. MSS. 7, 000, fol. 57.
138. Lords' Journals, iii. 143, 148.
139. Compare the examinations in the Appendix to Proceedings and Debates, with a letter by Ashley to Buckingham, May 12, Cabala
140. How anyone, in the face of this letter, can maintain that Buckingham had taken part, except from timidity, in the overthrow of Bacon, I am unable to understand.
141. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 118-159
142. Lords' Journals, iii. 140, 148, 153
143. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 161.
144. Commons' Journals, i. 508.
145. Edward Nicholas. J Proceedings and Debates, ii. 170.
146. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 9, S. P. Dom. cxxi, 88 1 On May 12 Southampton reminded the Lords that Bacon had not yet been sent to the Tower, and ' hoped that the world may not think our sentence is in vain ; ' Buckingham replied that ' the King hath respited his going to the Tower in this time of his great sickness.'—Elsing's Notes, 79.
147. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 2, S. P. Dom. cxxi. 69.
148. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 9
149. Bacon to Buckingham, May 31, June 5, 22, Letters and Life, vii. 280, 282, 292.
150. Bacon to the Prince of Wales, June 7, vii. 287.
151. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 23, 5.
152. P. Dom. cxxi. 120. Meddus to Mead, June 22, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 96. Michell's petition, June 30, S. P. Dom. cxxi. 135.
153. Grant to St. John and Hungerford, July 7, Sign Manuals, xii. 71.
154. Examinations. App. to Proceedings and Debates. Meddus to Mead, June 22. Mead to Stuteville, June 23, Hart. MSS. 389, fol. 96, 98.
155. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 23, July 14, 5. P. Dom. cxxi. 121; cxxii. 23.
156. Proclamation, July 26, 5. P. Dom. clxxxvii. 95.
157. Williams to Buckingham, April (?), Cabala, 374.
158. Hacket's Life of Williams 52.
159. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 23, 5. P. Dom. cxxi. 121.
160. Williams to Buckingham, July 27, Cabala, 260.
161. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 23, 6". P. Dom. cxxi. 121.
162. Chamberlain to Carleton, July 21, Aug. 4, S. P, Dom, cxxii. 31, 60.
163. Williams to Buckingham, Sept. 1, Cabala, 261. Grant of Office, Aug. 29. Grant of Pension, Aug. 30. Patent Rolls, 19 Jac. I. Parts 13 and 1. Locke to Carleton, Sept. 22, Sept. 29, S. P. Dom. cxxii. 140, '52
164. By Dr. Bliss, in his notes to Laud's Diary.
165. Hacket, 63. Some of the particulars of the story are in direct contradiction with Laud's Diary (Works, iii. 136) ; and Hacket, even when uncontradicted, is seldom to be fully trusted. But James's part in the conversation is characteristic, and the story, as I have given it above, may perhaps be hypothetically admitted.
166. Lord Zouch to Sir Edward Zouch, July 24. Digges to Carleton, July 28, S. P. Dom. cxxii. 37, 47.
167. Williams to Buckingham, July 27, Cabala., 260.
168. Mead to Stuteville, Sept. 19, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 118.
169. Chesterman to Conway, Aug. 28, 5. P. Dom. cxxii. 94.
170. Bradford's Dialogue in Young's Chronicles, 466.
171. Hunter, Founders of Plymouth Colony, 32.
172. Robinson, Works, iii. 168.
173. Hunter, Founders of Plymouth, 40.
174. Hunter, Founders of Plymouth, 99.
175. Hunter, Founders of Plymouth, 66.
176. There is no direct evidence of the date of Clifton's ejectment. But Cotton (Magnalia Christi Americana, ii. 1, § 2) speaks of Bradford as reading the Scriptures at the age of twelve, and as subsequently attending Clifton's ministry. Bradford was twelve in 1602, and during the two following years James had not yet broken with the Puritans. Nor is it likely that Clifton could have escaped the clean sweep in the autumn of 1604, especially as we find him an ejected minister so scon afterwards. 1 Hunter, Founders of Plymouth, 92. Hall, " Apology against the Brownists, " Works, ix. 91. Ashton's Life of Robinson, prefixed to the collected edition of his works.
177. By 13 Ric. II. stat. 1, cap. 20, persons not being soldiers or merchants might not leave the realm without licence, excepting at Dover or Plymouth.
178. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 16.
179. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 22.
180. Winslow's Brief Narrative, in Young's Chronicle, 381.
181. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 27-41. Winslow's Brief Narrative, in Youngs Chronicle, 382. The patent itself has not been preserved.
182. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 42-54
183. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 58. It is a pity that in the fresco which adorns the Houses of Parliament, the realities of this scene should have been neglected for an imaginary parting on a beach which never existed.
184. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 68-74.
185. " After this, " writes Bradford, " they chose, or rather confirmed, Mr. John Carver for that year."—History of Plymouth Plantation, 90. Mr. Deane, the editor of Bradford's History, suggests that " or rather confirmed, "was written inadvertently. This is very unlikely. I have no doubt that Carver was named to the office in the lost patent from the Virginia Company. It will be remembered, that the first Council of Virginia was nominated in England. That it was intended that the New England colonists should elect their governor after the first year, appears from Robinson's letter in Bradford's History, 66. authority, was Standish, now formally installed as military
186. Bradford, History of Plymouth Plantation, 81-93. Mourt's Relation, in Young's Chronicles. The latter account is generally ascribed to Bradford and Winslow.
187. Conway to Buckingham, Nov. 18, Harl. MSS. 1580, fol. 281.
188. Frederick to the Princes of the Union, Nov. u, Theatrzcm Europautn, i. 454.
189. Frederick to the King. Elizabeth to the King, Nov. 13, Ellis, Ser. i. 3, m, 112.
190. Elizabeth to Carleton, Nov. 27, 5. P. Holland.
191. Nethersole to Naunton, Dec. 4, S. P. Germany.
192. Frederick to the Estates of Silesia, Dec. 12, Dec. 23, Londorp, ii. 237. Nethersole to Naunton, March 19, 1621, .S1. P. Germany. Theatrum Europaum, i. 462.
193. The clause in the Capitulation which Ferdinand was said to have broken is the following one " Wir sollen und wollen auch furkommen und keines Wegs gestatten dasz nun hinfiiro jemand hohes oder niedriges Stands Churfurst, Fiirst, oder anderer, Ursach auch unverhort, in die Acht und Oberacht gethan, bracht, oder erklart werde; sondern in solchem ordentlichen Procesz, und des H. R. R. in gemeldetem 55'" Jahr reformirte Cammergerichtsordnung, und darauff erfolgter Reichs Abschied in dem genalten und vollzogen werde, jedoch dem Beschadigten seine Gegenwehr vermog des Landfriedens unabriichig."—Limnaeus, Capitulationes, 591. See, for Ferdinand's view of the case, 'his reply to the Danish Ambassadors, Londorp, ii. 392.
194. Nethersole to Naunton, Jan. 19, S. P. Germany.
195. Rusdorf, Consilia et Negotia, 8. The same desponding feeling is to be traced in the letters of Camerarius. Soltl, Religionskrieg, iii. 105-115.
196. Frederick to the King, Jan. 31, Harl. MSS. 1583, fol. 219.
197. Frederick to Mansfeld, Feb. 2, Londorp, ii. 377
198. Miiller, Forschungen, iii. 468.
199. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 183.
200. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 186
201. Lords' Journals, iii. 167.
202. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 197.
203. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 198.
204. Wentworth to Darcy, Jan. 9, 1622, Strafford Letters, i. 15
205. Wentworth to Wandesford, June 17, 1624, Strafford Letters, i. 21.
206. The characteristic story of the Yorkshire election petition will be well known to every reader of Mr. Forster's Life of Sir J. Eliot.
207. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 201, 248.
208. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 206-226
209. Commons' journals, i. 644-649.
210. The King to the House of Commons, Dec. 11, Proceedings and Debates, ii. 317.
211. Cases of Haxey and Young, Hallam, Middle Ages (1853), iii. 75, 102. 2
212. The King to Calvert, Dec. 16, Proceedings and Debates, ii. 339
213. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 341.
214. The King to the Speaker, Dec. 17, Proceedings and Debates, ii. 350.
215. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 359.
216. Proceedings and Debates. ii. 360.
217. Proceedings and Debates, ii. 361.
218. Parliamentary History, i. 1362.
219. After the King had declared his intention, ' ninguno se atrebio a contradizelle, mas de que el Conde de Pembruc, Comerero Mayor, gran Puritano, dijo que havia que votar no disputar, pues el Rey havia declarado su voluntad, a que el Marques de Boquinguam replico que, si queria contradezir a la voluntad del Rey, lo hiziese, y diese razones para ello;—que el hiziera lo mismo si las hallara, aunque su Magestad se hallava ally presente ; con que el Conde callo, y lo aprobo, y los demas ; y luego vino el Marques a darme quenta de todo con gran gozo del subceso, y con razon, porque a sido la Have para abrir y obrar todo lo bueno que de aqui se puede esperar en servicio de Dios y de Vuestra Majestad sin oposicion, en que el Marques de Boquinguam a tenido gran parte, y merece muchas gracias.' Gondomar to Philip IV., Jan. -1, Simancas MSS. 2518, fol. 20.
220. Gondomar to the Infanta Isabella, 162, Simancas MSS. 2558, fol. 7, 11.
221. Gondomar to Philip IV., Jan. —, 1622, Simancas MSS. 2518, fol. 29. nothing but his boots were seen.' Sir Richard Young jumped 1 Chamberlain to Carleton, Jan. 4, 1622. Locke to Carleton, Jan. 12
222. S. P. Dom. cxxvii. 8, 26. The three prisoners, as will be seen, were released in the following August. - Council Register, April 20, 1622.
223. Mead to Stuteville, Jan. 10. Meddus to Mead, Jan. II, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 127, 129.
224. Tillieres' despatch, Nov. —, 1621, Raumer, ii. 319.
225. Parliamentary History, i. 1365. Gondomar to the Infanta Isabella, jan 2, 1621, Simancas MSS. 2558, fol. 8.
226. Gondomar to the Infanta Isabella, ?", 162J, Simancas MSS. 2558, fol. 8.
227. Chamberlain to Carleton, Feb. 16, 1622, 5. P. Dom. exxvii. 101.
228. Philip IV. to the Infanta Isabella, 1621, Brussels MSS. ; Salvetti's News-Letters, Feb. i. Gondomar to Philip IV., Jan. 2£s Simancas MSS. 2518, fol.
229. The Dutch Commissioners to the States-General, Feb. Add. MSS. 17, 677 K. fol. 192.
230. The Dutch Commissioners to the States-General, Feb. -, Add, MSS. 17, 677 K. fol. 192; Council Register, Feb. 9.
231. The fourth point of his instructions, wrote Gondomar to Philip IV. on Jan., " es tratar con V. Mag1 de la reducion de las provincias de Olanda, y hazer para esto muy estrecha liga offensiva y deffensiva, dandole V, Mag4, algo a este Rey desta empenada." The statement is corroborated by frequent cautious allusions in Digby's despatches, and by a paper of instructions to him and to Buckingham, which will be mentioned in its proper place.
232. Salvetti's News-Letters, Feb Salvetti's News-Letter
233. Gondomar to Philip IV., May ~&, Simancas MSS. 2603, fol. 35.
234. Chamberlain to Carleton, March 30. Locke to Carleton, March 30. S. P. Dom, cxxviii. 96, 97
235. Buckingham to Bacon, Oct. 12 (?), 1621. Lennox to Bacon, Jan. 29. Bacon to Lennox, Jan. 30 (?), 1622. Bacon's Letters and Life, vii. 305, 326, 327.
236. ' Grant to Hutton and others, Oct. 14, 1621. Patent Rolls, lojac. I., Part 16.
237. Pardon, October 17, 1621. Patent Rolls, 19 Jac. I., Part 16
238. Bacon's Letters and Life, vii. 304-347.
239. Chamberlain to Carleton, Jan. 19, S. P. Dom. cxxvii. 35. Indenture between Wallingford and Buckingham, May 27, Close Rolls, 20 Jac. I., Part 27. The price given was 3, 000.s Commission to Sir A. Apsley, Jan. 17, 3". P. Grant Book, p. 340.
240. His real name was Percy.1 Chamberlain to Carleton, Jan. 4, .?. P. Dom. cxxvii. 8.
241. Conference with Fisher, Laud's Works, ii.
242. See also Preface, ix-xii.
243. Conference with Fisher, Laud's Works, ii. 359-413.
244. Chamberlain to Carleton, June 8, 22, Sept, 25, S. P. Dom. cxxxi. 24, S3, cxxxii. 24.
245. Laud's Diary, June 15, 16, Works, iii. 139.
246. Goodman's Statement (Court of King James, i. 340) is confirmed by the allegation of De Dominis himself, in a letter to the King (Feb. 16, 1622, . S. P. Dom. cxxviii. 103, xiii.), and must therefore be accepted in preference to Hacket's calculation of 800/.
247. The original story about the Savoy, for instance, is evidently the one which I have adopted from Goodman (i. 344). In Fuller it assumea much worse character.
248. The account given by Fuller (v. 504-530) is evidently prejudiced. See testimony of Cosin (De Transubstantiatione, cap. 2, § 7), and Goodman as cited above. His own words are the best indication of his character, and the narrative of the transactions immediately preceding his departure (S. P. Dom. cxxviii. 103) is especially useful as indicative of his opinions. That Gondomar had anything to do with the Archbishop's return to Rome, is very doubtful. It is hardly compatible with the narrative above referred to.
249. Hacket's Life of Williams, 102. Dalrymple, 145.
250. Hachet, 103. Cosin, De Transubstantiatione, cap. 2, § 7.
251. Hacktt, 104. a Bacon's Apophthegms, Works, vii. 159.
252. Even this amount of humiliation was not sufficient for James. 1 Life of Lord Herbert of Cherbury. Herbert to the King, July 31.
253. Doncaster to the King, Aug. 1, 1621, .9. P. France.
254. Doncaster to Calvert, Oct. 26, 1621, S. P. France
255. Doncaster to Calvert, June 26, 1622, S. P. France.
256. The Deputies to Calvert, . Doncaster to Calvert, Oct. 26. Order in Council, Oct. 12, 5. P. France.s Remonstrances of Tillieres, 5. P. France, 1621, 1622, passim.
257. Mayor of Rye to Calvert, May
258. The Council to Zouch, May 4.
259. Vivian to the Council, May 17. Fulnetby to Zoucb, May 17. Petition of R. Dure, May (?). The Council to Zouch, July n. 5. P. Dom. cxxx. 1, 16, 91, 92, 134, cxxxii. 28. imported by aliens.5 Recourse, too, was once more had to a 1 Mead to Stuteville, Feb. 2, Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 140.
260. Vere to Carleton, Dec. 20, 1621
261. P. Holland. Collectio Camerariana, xlviii. 92. Royal Library, Munich.
262. Council Register 1 Council Register, June 6. Salvetti's News-Letter, June 7. Southampton, on the other hand, urged on the payment. Southampton to the Council, May 5, S. P. Dom. cxxx. 19.
263. Digby to Doncaster, Jan. 31, Egerton MSS. 2595, fol. 30.
264. Council Register, Feb. 4, March 31. Chamberlain to Carleton, Jan.
265. Locke to Carleton, Feb. 16, March 2. 5. P. Dom. cxxvii. 35, 102; cxxviii. 9. Salvetti's News-Letters, 4 Receipt Books of the Exchequer.
266. Locke to Carleton, Jan. 12, 5. P. Dom. cxxvii. 136.
267. J. Nicholas to E. Nicholas, Feb. 26, 5. P. Dom. cxxvii. 133.
268. s Inclosure dated March 8, in a letter from Mead to Stuteville, March 16. Harl. MSS. 389, fol. 157.
269. Tillieres' Letters, given by Raumer, are frequently appealed to as conveying evidence against James ; but the letter of Jan. — shows that no fact could be proved against him.
270. Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vii. 434. Hacket, 88. Wood, Hist. et Ant. Univ. Ox. i. 327.
271. The first proposition as condemned at Oxford is as follows:—" Episcopi et pastores magistrates suos impios aut injustos, si contumacies sint, possunt et debent de consensu Ecclesiae Satanae tradere done resipiscant." Wood, Hist, et Ant. Univ. Ox. i.
272. In Pareus's Commentary, 1349, it stands thus:—" Episcopi et pastores magistratibus suis impiis aut injustis possunt ac debent resistere, non vi aut gladio, sed verbo Dei, arguendo eorum notoriam impietatem aut injustitiam, et ad officium juxta verbum Dei et juxta leges faciendum eos cohortando, contumaces vero de consensu Ecclesiae etiam Satanae tradendo, done resipiscant."
273. Extract from the King's letter, April 24. Collier's Eccl. Hist. vii. 435
274. The King to Ferdinand II., Nov. 12, 1621, Cabala, 239.
275. Frederick to the King, Nov. 25, i". P. Germany.
276. Ferdinand II. to the King, Jan. 4, 1621, Cabala, 241. Ferdinand II. to the Infanta Isabella, Jan. 3, Brussels MSS.
277. Commission to Vere, Feb. 16, S. P. Germany
278. I have omitted portions of the letter. The whole will be found in Villermont's Tilly, i. 160.
279. Vere to Calvert, March 15, 5. P. Germany.
280. Mansfeld to the King, March, 5. P. Germany. Misplaced amongst the papers of 1623.
281. Locke to Carleton, Jan. 19, .?. P. Dom. cxxvii. 36.
282. Locke to Carleton, Feb. 4, 5. P. Dom. cxxvii. 67.
283. Salvetti's News-Letters, Feb. £, March ^. Calvert to Carleton, March 24, S. P. Holland.
284. Mead to Stuteville, Feb. 2, Hart. MSS. 389, fol. 140. Chamberlain to Carleton, March 30, .S1. P. Dom. cxxviii. 96.
285. See the calculations of Maximilian in his letter to the Emperor, Jan 16/26 Hurtet, Gcsch. Ferdinands II. ix. 633.
286. Theatrum Europaum, i. 622.
287. Theatrum Europceum, i. 621. "At one place taken by Tilly, we hear that half the citiztns were also slain; the rest for the most part wounded to death. Many women and children were also slain. The women did great hurt by throwing of hot scalding water." Advertisement, April 19, S. P. Germany, Nethersole to Calvert, April 26, 29, May 5. Narrative by the Margrave of Baden, April. Wrenham to, May 6, S. P. Germany.
288. The Infanta Isabella to Philip IV., April 21/may
289. Weston to Calvert, May 15, .S". P. Flanders.
290. Weston to Nethersole, May 16, S. P. Germany. Weston's Report, fol. 2, Inner Temple MSS. vol. 48.
291. Frederick to the King April 26/may 5 £ P. Germany.
292. Vere and Nethersole to Calvert, June II, S. P. Germany.
293. Nethersole to Carleton, May 2 ; Frederick to the King, May S. P. Germany.
294. Nethetsole to Weston, May 22 ; Nethersole to Calvert, May 22, S. P. Germany.
295. The Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt to the Elector of Mentz, May 29, S, P, Germany.
296. Nethersole to Calvert, May 27, June 2, S. P. Germany. Vere to Carleton, June 2, S. P. Holland.
297. The Elector of Saxony to the Emperor, May 4, Londorp, ii. 605.
298. Hohenzollern to the Emperor, July 8/18, Khevcnhiilkr, ix. 1763.
299. Vere to Carleton, June 2, 5. P. Holland.
300. Chichester to the King ; Chichester to Carleton, June 2, S. P. Germany.
301. Chichester to Weston, June 5 ; Chichester to the King, June 6, S. P. Germany.
302. Weston's Report, fol. 4 b, Inner Temple MSS. vol. 48. Weston to Calvert, June 22, S. P. Germany.
303. i Tilly to Chichester, June 8/18; Chichester to the King, June 11, S. P. Germany.
304. Chichester to Calvert, June II, S. P. Germany.
305. Vere to Calvert, June II ; Nethersole to Calvert, June 18, S. P. Germany.
306. Chichester to Weston, June 22, S. P. Germany.
307. The King to Frederick, June 3, Add. MSS. 12, 485, fol. 133 bi
308. The King to Chichester, June 3, Sherborne MSS.
309. Chichester to the King, June 23, 5". P. Germany.
310. Vere to Carleton, June 11, S. P. Holland.
311. Vere to Carleton, June 24, i". P. Germany
312. Chichester to Carleton, June 26, July 10, 22. Tilly to Chichester, June 25/July 5. p. Germany
313. Weston to Calvert, June 22, S. P. Germany. Narrative of the Conference, June 24 /July
314. Brussels MSS, Weston to Calvert, June 30, 5. P. Germany. The Infanta Isabella to Philip IV., June 24/July
315. Weston to Calvert, July 6, 5. P. Flanders
316. Weston to Calvert, July 13, S. P. Flanders.
317. ' Ferdinand II. to the King, June -z, S. P. Germany
318. The King to Ferdinand II., July 8, S. P. Germany
319. The Infanta Isabella to Philip IV., Dec.14/24, 1621, Brussels MSS.
320. Minutes of Onate's despatch, Nov.7/17-, 1621, Simancas MSS. 2403, fol. 8.
321. Consulta of the Council of State, Jan. — Simancas MSS. 2403, 10 fol.
322. Philip IV. to Onate, Jan. j, Brussels MSS. Khevenhulkr, ix. 1765-1771. Philip XV. to Oiiate, March Brussels MSS.
323. Calvert to Carleton, March 24, 5. P. Holland. Bristol to the King, Aug. 18, 1623, S. P. Spain.
324. Lafuente, Hist. Gen. de EspaHa, xvi. 21-28.
325. The difference of opinion is scarcely indicated by Khevenhuller at this time. But from a later passage which will be afterwards quoted, in which he describes the cause of Zuniga's death, it is evident that it already existed.
326. Relazioni Venete, Spagna, i. 600.
327. Bristol to the King, Aug. 18, 1623, 5. P. Spain.
328. Digby to Calvert, June 30 ; Digby to the Prince of Wales, June 30, S. P. Spain.
329. This is the explanation given in a despatch of Philip to the Infanta Isabella, March 5/15-, Brussels MSS.
330. Digby to the Prince ofWales, July 13, 3". P. Spain.
331. Digby to Calvert, Aug. 9, j". P. Spain
332. Weston to Calvert, July 19, S. P. Spain.
333. The King to Ferdinand II., July 8, S. P. Germany
334. The Duke of Bouillon to Carleton (?), Aug.5/15-, S. P. Holland.
335. Ferdinand II. to the Infanta Isabella, July 25/Aug 4, Brussels MSS. s October I, N.S.
336. Weston to Calvert, Aug. 15, S. P. Flanders.
337. Advertisement from Sedan, Aug. 8, S. P. Holland.
338. Theatrum Europtzum, i. 666. Carleton to Buckingham, Aug. 27, 5. P. Holland.
339. Weston to Calvert, Sept. 3, S. P. Flanders.
340. The Infanta Isabella to Cordova, Aug 4, Hart MSS. 1581, fol. 177-1 i.e. Captain Weiss.
341. Answer to Weston's Proposition, Sept. 8, Weston's Report, fol. 16. Inner Temple MSS. vol. 48.
342. Mansfeld to Weston, Aug 24/Sept 3 S. P. Germany.
343. ' Weston's Reply, Sept. 12, in his Report, fol. 19, Inner Temple MSS. vol. 48.
344. Weston to Cal vert, Sept. 16, 5. P. Flanders
345. Chamberlain to Carleton, Aug. 10, i1. P. Dom. cxxxii. 91. Mead to Stuteville, Sept. 14, Warl. MSS. 389, fol. 228. 2 Hacket
346. The King to Abbot, Aug. 4 ; Abbot to the Bishop s Aug. 12, Sept. 4, Wilkins's Concilia, iv. 465.
347. Williams to the Judges, Aug. 2, S. P. Dom. cxxxii. 84.
348. Williams to Annan, Cabala, 269.
349. Ciriza to Aston June 27 /July 7, S. P. Spain
350. Valaresso to the Doge, Aug 9/19 Venice MSS.
351. Privy Council Register, Aug. 6.
352. Chamberlain to Carleton, July 13, S. P. Dom. cxxxii. 38.
353. Chamberlain to Carleton, July 1, Locke to Carleton, Nov. 30.
354. P. Dom. cxxxii. I ; cxxxiv. 39.
355. Valaresso to the Doge, Aug 9/19 Venice MSS.
356. Francisco de Jesus, 33-40.
357. Resolutions upon the Marriage Articles [Sept. 9]. The King to Digby, Sept. 9. Prynne's Hidden Works of Darkness, 14, 16 1 See Vol. III. p. 346.
358. Meaning, perhaps, that Gondomar had answered James's complaints that he had been deceived by the renewal of the war in 1621, by begging him to suffer it for once, and that all would come right in the end.
359. That is to say, as may make it necessary for him to explain his actions, his honour having become doubtful and needing interpretation.
360. Buckingham to Gondomar [Sept. 9], Cabala, 224. The holograph draft is in Hart. MSS. 1583, fol. 353. burghers of Leyden, were far too few to man the vast extent
361. Theatrum Europaum, i. 647.
362. Van der Merven's Relatio Historica. Verantwortung der. Stadt Heidelberg. Londorp, ii. 743. Vere to Calvert, Sept. 7. Chichester's relation of the loss of Heidelberg, Sept. 14. Burlamachi to Calvert, Sept, 12, 14, S. P. Germany.
363. The King to Gregory XV., Sept. 30, Cabala, 376.