Double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of metformin as add-on treatment with clozapine in treatment of schizophrenia disorder

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 364-371

  Hebrani, Paria ^a   Manteghi, Ali Akhoundpour ^a   Behdani, Fatemeh ^a   Hessami, Elham ^a   Rezayat, Kambiz Akhavan ^a   Marvast, Majid Nabizadeh ^a   Rezayat, Amir Akhavan ^a  

^a MASHHAD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Clozapine; Metformin; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; CLOZAPINE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LIOTHYRONINE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; METFORMIN; PLACEBO; THYROTROPIN; THYROXINE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; BODY MASS; BRIEF PSYCHIATRIC RATING SCALE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DSM-IV-TR; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SMOKING; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

EID: 84931355991     PISSN: 17351995     EISSN: 17357136     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Sawa A, Snyder SH. Schizophrenia: Diverse approaches to a complex disease. Science 2002;296:692-5.
2. Wright IC, Rabe-Hesketh S, Woodruff PW, David AS, Murray RM, Bullmore ET. Meta-analysis of regional brain volumes in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:16-25.
3. Brown S. Excess mortality of schizophrenia. A meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1997;171:502-8.
4. Laursen TM, Nordentoft M, Mortensen PB. Excess early mortality in schizophrenia. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2014;10:425-48.
5. Hennekens CH, Hennekens AR, Hollar D, Casey DE. Schizophrenia and increased risks of cardiovascular disease. Am Heart J 2005;150:1115-21.
6. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation 2009;120:1640-5.
7. Dickerson FB, Brown CH, Kreyenbuhl JA, Fang L, Goldberg RW, Wohlheiter K, et al. Obesity among individuals with serious mental illness. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2006;113:306-13.
8. Dipasquale S, Pariante CM, Dazzan P, Aguglia E, McGuire P, Mondelli V. The dietary pattern of patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2013;47:197-207.
9. Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, Swartz MS, Rosenheck RA, Perkins DO, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1209-23.
10. Rummel-Kluge C, Komossa K, Schwarz S, Hunger H, Schmid F, Lobos CA, et al. Head-to-head comparisons of metabolic side effects of second generation antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2010;123:225-33.
11. Malhotra N, Grover S, Chakrabarti S, Kulhara P. Metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia. Indian J Psychol Med 2013;35:227-40.
12. Rezaei O, Khodaie-Ardakani MR, Mandegar MH, Dogmehchi E, Goodarzynejad H. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among an Iranian cohort of inpatients with schizophrenia. Int J Psychiatry Med 2009;39:451-62.
13. Lindenmayer JP, Czobor P, Volavka J, Citrome L, Sheitman B, McEvoy JP, et al. Changes in glucose and cholesterol levels in patients with schizophrenia treated with typical or atypical antipsychotics. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:290-6.
14. Allison DB, Mentore JL, Heo M, Chandler LP, Cappelleri JC, Infante MC, et al. Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A comprehensive research synthesis. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:1686-96.
15. Jann MW, Grimsley SR, Gray EC, Chang WH. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clozapine. Clin Pharmacokinet 1993;24:161-76.
16. Kim SF, Huang AS, Snowman AM, Teuscher C, Snyder SH. From the cover: Antipsychotic drug-induced weight gain mediated by histamine H1 receptor-linked activation of hypothalamic AMP-kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007;104:3456-9.
17. Nielsen J, Correll CU, Manu P, Kane JM. Termination of clozapine treatment due to medical reasons: When is it warranted and how can it be avoided? J Clin Psychiatry 2013;74:603-13.
18. Kane JM, Honigfeld G, Singer J, Meltzer H. Clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenics. Psychopharmacol Bull 1988;24:62-7.
19. Kane J, Honigfeld G, Singer J, Meltzer H. Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:789-96.
20. Wiernsperger NF, Bailey CJ. The antihyperglycaemic effect of metformin: Therapeutic and cellular mechanisms. Drugs 1999;58 Suppl 1:31-9.
21. Golay A. Metformin and body weight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008;32:61-72.
22. Das C, Mendez G, Jagasia S, Labbate LA. Second-generation antipsychotic use in schizophrenia and associated weight gain: A critical review and meta-analysis of behavioral and pharmacologic treatments. Ann Clin Psychiatry 2012;24:225-39.
23. Wu RR, Zhao JP, Jin H, Shao P, Fang MS, Guo XF, et al. Lifestyle intervention and metformin for treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008;299:185-93.
24. Gao L, Wang G, Liu H, Yan C. Effect of combined treatment with clozapine and metformin on fasting blood glucose, insulin level, and expression of the glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry 2013;25:149-56.
25. Ozenoglu A, Ugurlu S, Balci H, Eker E. Nutritional approach to metabolic changes arising out of schizophrenia therapy: Case report. Intern Med 2007;46:1213-8.
26. Shin L, Bregman H, Breeze JL, Noyes N, Frazier JA. Metformin for weight control in pediatric patients on atypical antipsychotic medication. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2009;19:275-9.
27. Carrizo E, Fernández V, Connell L, Sandia I, Prieto D, Mogollón J, et al. Extended release metformin for metabolic control assistance during prolonged clozapine administration: A 14 week, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study. Schizophr Res 2009;113:19-26.
28. Jablensky A. The diagnostic concept of schizophrenia: Its history, evolution, and future prospects. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2010;12:271-87.
29. Simon V, van Winkel R, De Hert M. Are weight gain and metabolic side effects of atypical antipsychotics dose dependent? A literature review. J Clin Psychiatry 2009;70:1041-50.
30. Baptista T, Rangel N, Fernández V, Carrizo E, El Fakih Y, Uzcátegui E, et al. Metformin as an adjunctive treatment to control body weight and metabolic dysfunction during olanzapine administration: A multicentric, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Schizophr Res 2007;93:99-108.