Recognising and managing increased HIV transmission risk in newborns

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2015, Pages

  Kroon, Max ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NEVIRAPINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; BREAST FEEDING; FEMALE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; NEWBORN; NEWBORN CARE; POST EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION;

EID: 84930844836     PISSN: 16089693     EISSN: 20786751     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v16i1.371     Document Type: Review

References (28)

1. Millennium development goals, country report, 2013. Pretoria: Statistics SA; 2013.
2. Goga AE, Dinh TH, Jackson DJ, for the SAPMTCTE study group. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the national prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme measured at six weeks postpartum in South Africa, 2010. South African Medical Research Council, National Department of Health of South Africa and PEPFAR/US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2012.
3. Johnson LF, Stinson K, Newell ML, et al. The contribution of maternal HIV seroconversion during late pregnancy and breastfeeding to mother-to-child transmission of HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;59:417-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182432f27.
4. Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-1 infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. [cited 16 April 2014]. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/3/perinatal-guidelines/0.
5. Taylor GP, Clayden P, Dhar J, et al. British HIV Association guidelines for the management of HIV infection in pregnant women 2012. HIV Med. 2012;13 Suppl. 2: 87-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1293.2012.01030.x.
6. Policy and guidelines for the implementation of the PMTCT programme. Pretoria: South African National Department of Health; 11 February 2008.
7. Lallemant M, Jourdain G, Le Coeur S, et al. Single-dose perinatal nevirapine plus standard zidovudine to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Thailand. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:217-228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa033500.
8. Lallemant M, Jourdain G, Le Coeur S, et al. A trial of shortened zidovudine regimens to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial (Thailand) Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:982-991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM20001005343140.
9. De Cock KM, Fowler MG, Mercier E, et al. Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-poor countries: Translating research into policy and practice. JAMA. 2000;283:1175-1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama. 283.9.1175.
10. Rouzioux C, Costagliola D, Burgard M, et al. Estimated timing of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission by use of a Markov model. The HIV Infection in Newborns French Collaborative Study Group. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142:1330-1337.
11. Kuhn L, Abrams EJ, Matheson PB, et al. Timing of maternal-infant HIV transmission: Associations between intrapartum factors and early polymerase chain reaction results. New York City Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study Group. AIDS. 1997;11:429-435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199704000-00005.
12. Magder LS, Mofenson L, Paul ME, et al. Risk factors for in utero and intrapartum transmission of HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;38:87-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200501010-00016.
13. Doherty T, Jackson D, Swanevelder S, et al. Severe events in the first 6 months of life in a cohort of HIV-unexposed infants from South Africa: Effects of low birth weight and breastfeeding status. Trop Med Int Health. 2014;19:1162-1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12355.
14. Johnson VA, Petropoulos CJ, Woods CR, et al. Vertical transmission of multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and continued evolution of drug resistance in an HIV-1-infected infant. J Infect Dis. 2001;183:1688-1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/320697.
15. Moodley D, Esterhuizen T, Reddy L, et al. Incident HIV infection in pregnant and lactating women and its effect on mother-to-child transmission in South Africa. J Infect Dis. 2011;203:1231-1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir017.
16. Standard treatment guidelines and essential drugs list for South Africa 2013. Hospital level, paediatrics. Pretoria: National Department of Health; 2013.
17. Cardo DM, Culver DH, Ciesielski CA, et al. A case-control study of HIV seroconversion in health care workers after percutaneous exposure. New Engl J Med. 1997;337:1485-1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199711203372101.
18. Wade NA, Birkhead GS, Warren BL, et al. Abbreviated regimens of zidovudine prophylaxis and perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1409-1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199811123392001.
19. Gray GE, Urban M, Chersich MF, et al. A randomised trial of two postexposure prophylaxis regimens to reduce HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission in infants of untreated mothers. AIDS. 2005;19:1289-1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000180100.42770.a7.
20. Connor EM, Sperling RS, Gelber R, et al. Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1173- 1180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199411033311801.
21. Nielsen-Saines K, Watts DH, Veloso VG, et al. Three postpartum antiretroviral regimens to prevent intrapartum HIV infection. New Engl J Med. 2012;366:2368- 2379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1108275.
22. Taha TE, Kumwenda NI, Gibbons A, et al. Short postexposure prophylaxis in newborn babies to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: NVAZ randomized clinical trial. Lancet. 2003;362:1171-1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14538-2.
23. Shetty AK, Coovadia HM, Mirochnick MM, et al. Safety and trough concentrations of nevirapine prophylaxis given daily, twice weekly, or weekly in breastfeeding infants from birth to 6 months. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;34:482-490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200312150-00006.
24. Capparelli EV, Mirochnick M, Dankner WM, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of zidovudine in preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2003;142:47-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2003.mpd0335.
25. De Waal R, Kroon SM, Holgate SL, et al. Nevirapine concentrations in preterm and low birth weight HIV-exposed infants: Implications for dosing recommendations. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014;33:1231-1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000453.
26. British HIV Association guidelines for the management of HIV infection in pregnant women 2012 (2014 interim review). London: BHIVA; May 2014.
27. Aids info. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in pediatric HIV infection. [cited 01 July 2014]. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/2/pediatric-treatment-guidelines/0.
28. Nagot N, Kankasa C, Meda N, et al. for the PROMISE-PEP trial protocol ANRS 12174. Abstract 70 CROI 2014. Paper presented at: Conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections; 3-6 March 2014; Boston, MA. Appendix.