On the factor structure of the Rosenberg (1965) general self-esteem scale

Psychological Assessment

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 621-635

  Alessandri, Guido ^a   Vecchione, Michele ^a   Eisenberg, Nancy ^b   Łaguna, Mariola ^c  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^b ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c JOHN PAUL II CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF LUBLIN   (Poland)

Author keywords

Bifactor model; Method effects; Method factors; Rosenberg self esteem scale; Self esteem

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGGRESSION; ARTICLE; DEPRESSION; EMPATHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; ITALY; MALE; POLAND; PREDICTION; RELIABILITY; ROSENBERG SELF-ESTEEM SCALE; SELF ESTEEM; SELF REPORT; SERBIA; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; UNITED STATES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FACTOR ANALYSIS; INDIVIDUALITY; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOMETRY; REPRODUCIBILITY; SELF CONCEPT; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; VALIDATION STUDY; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGGRESSION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; ITALY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, STATISTICAL; PSYCHOMETRICS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SELF CONCEPT; UNITED STATES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84930755288     PISSN: 10403590     EISSN: 1939134X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/pas0000073     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Alessandri, G., Vecchione, M., Donnellan, B. M., & Tisak, J. (2013). An application of the LC-LSTM framework to the self-esteem instability case. Psychometrika, 78, 769-792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11336-013-9326-4
2. Alessandri, G., Vecchione, M., Fagnani, C., Bentler, P. M., Barbaranelli, C., Medda, E., . . . Caprara, G. V. (2010). Much more than model fitting? Evidence for the heritability of method effect associated with positively worded items of the revised Life Orientation Test. Structural Equation Modeling, 17, 642-653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2010.510064
3. Alessandri, G., Vecchione, M., Tisak, J., & Barbaranelli, C. (2011). Investigating the nature of method factors through multiple informants: Evidence for a specific factor? Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46, 625-642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2011.589272
4. Alicke, M. D., & Govorun, O. (2005). The better-than-average effect. In M. D. Alicke, D. A. Dunning, & J. I. Krueger (Eds.), The self in social judgment. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
5. Bartko, W. T., & Eccles, J. S. (2003). Adolescent participation in structured and unstructured activities: A person-oriented analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 32, 233-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023056425648
6. Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 1-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1529-1006.01431
7. Bentler, P. M., & Chou, C. P. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 16, 78-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124187016001004
8. Blascovich, J., & Tomaka, J. (1991). Measures of self-esteem. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes (Vol. 1, pp. 115-160). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-590241-0.50008-3
9. Borsboom, D., Mellenbergh, G. J., & van Heerden, J. (2003). The theoretical status of latent variables. Psychological Review, 110, 203-219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.110.2.203
10. Burisch, M. (1984). Approaches to personality inventory construction. A comparison of merits. American Psychologist, 39, 214-227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.39.3.214
11. Burnham, K. P., & Anderson, D. R. (2004). Multimodel inference: Understanding AIC and BIC in model selection. Sociological Methods & Research, 33, 261-304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124104268644
12. Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The aggression questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452-459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452
13. Byrne, B. M. (1983). Investigating measures of self-concept. Measurement and Evaluation in Guidance, 16, 115-112.
14. Byrne, B. M., & Shavelson, R. (1986). On the structure of adolescent self-concept. Journal of Educational Psychology, 7, 474-481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.78.6.474
15. Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0046016
16. Caprara, G. V., Alessandri, G., Trommsdorff, G., Heikamp, T., Yamaguchi, S., & Suzuki, F. (2012). Positive orientation across countries. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43, 77-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022111422257
17. Caprara, G. V., Steca, P., Zelli, A., & Capanna, C. (2005). A new scale for measuring adult's prosociality. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 21, 77-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.21.2.77
18. Carmines, E. G., & Zeller, R. A. (1979). Reliability and validity assessment. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412985642
19. Chen, F. F., West, S. G., & Sousa, K. H. (2006). A comparison of bifactor and second-order models of quality of life. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 41, 189-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr4102_5
20. Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 235-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
21. Diggory, J. C. (1966). Self-evaluation: Concepts and studies. New York, NY: Wiley.
22. DiStefano, C., & Motl, R. W. (2009). The relationship between personality factors and item phrasing. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 309-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.020
23. Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2011). Selfesteem: Enduring issues and controversies. In T. Chamorro-Premuzic, S. von Stumm, & A. Furnham (Eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of individual differences (pp. 718-746). New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell.
24. Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2005). Low self-esteem is related to aggression, antisocial behavior, and delinquency. Psychological Science, 16, 328-335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01535.x
25. Eid, M., Lischetzke, T., Nussbeck, F. W., & Trierweiler, L. I. (2003). Separating trait effects from trait-specific method effects in multitraitmultimethod models: A multiple-indicator CT-C(M-1) model. Psychological Methods, 8, 38-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.8.1.38
26. Epstein, J. A., Griffin, K. W., & Botvin, G. J. (2004). Efficacy, selfderogation, and alcohol use among inner-city adolescents: Gender matters. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 159-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOYO.0000013427.31960.c6
27. Fiske, D. W. (1987). Construct invalidity comes from method effects. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 47, 285-336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013164487472001
28. Gana, K., Saada, G. K., Bailly, Y., Joulain, N., Hervé, M., & Alaphilippe, C. A. (2013). Longitudinal factorial invariance of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Determining the nature of method effects due to item wording. Journal of Research in Personality, 47, 406-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.03.011
29. Gecas, V. (1971). Parental behavior and dimensions of adolescent selfevaluation. Sociometry, 34, 466-482. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2786193
30. Horan, P. M., DiStefano, C., & Motl, R. W. (2003). Wording effects in self-esteem scales: Methodological artifact or response style? Structural Equation Modeling, 10, 435-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM1003_6
31. Kaplan, H. B. (1978). Deviant behavior and self-enhancement in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 7, 253-277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01537977
32. Kaplan, H. B. (1980). Self-attitudes and deviant behavior. Santa Monica, CA: Goodyear.
33. Kaplan, H. B., Martin, S. S., & Robbins, C. (1982). Application of a general theory of deviant behavior: Self-derogation and adolescent drug use. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 23, 274-294. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2136487
34. Kaplan, H. B., & Pokorny, A. D. (1969). Self-derogation and psychosocial adjustment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 149, 421-434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-196911000-00006
35. Kaufman, E., Rasinski, K. A., Lee, R., & West, J. (1991). National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Quality of the responses of eighth-grade students in NELS88. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Education.
36. Kenny, D. A., & Kashy, D. A. (1992). Analysis of the multitraitmultimethod matrix by confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 165-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.165
37. Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
38. Kuster, F., & Orth, U. (2013). The long-term stability of self-esteem: Its time-dependent decay and nonzero asymptote. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 677-690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167213480189
39. Łaguna, M., Lachowicz-Tabaczek, K., & Dzwonkowska, I. (2007). Skalasamooceny SES MorrisaRosenberga-Polskaadaptacjametody [The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Polish adaptation of the scale] [Social Psychology]. PsychologiaSpołeczna, 2, 164-176.
40. Lord, F. M., & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical theories of mental test scores. Reading, MA: Addison-Welsley Publishing Company.
41. Marsh, H. W. (1996). Positive and negative global self-esteem: A substantively meaningful distinction or artifactors? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 810-819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.810
42. Marsh, H. W., & O'Mara, A. (2008). Reciprocal effects between academic self-concept, self-esteem, achievement, and attainment over seven adolescent years: Unidimensional and multidimensional perspectives of self-concept. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 542-552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167207312313
43. Marsh, H. W., Scalas, L. F., & Nagengast, B. (2010). Longitudinal tests of competing factor structures for the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Traits, ephemeral artifacts, and stable response styles. Psychological Assessment, 22, 366-381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0019225
44. Motl, R. W., & DiStefano, C. (2002). Longitudinal invariance of selfesteem and method effects associated with negatively worded items. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 562-578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0904_6
45. Muthén, L., & Muthén, B. (2012). Mplus user's guide. Los Angeles, CA: Authors.
46. Opačíc, G. (1993). Porodične varijable i koncept o sebi kod adolescenata [Family variables and self-concept of adolescents]. Research Report, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
47. Openshaw, D. K., Thomas, D. L., & Rollins, B. C. (1981). Adolescent self-esteem: A multidimensional perspective. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 1, 273-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027243168100100306
48. Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 1271-1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0025558
49. Owens, T. J. (1994). Two dimensions of self-esteem. American Sociological Review, 59, 391-407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2095940
50. Paulhus, D. L. (1991). Measurement and control of response bias. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes (Vol. 1, pp. 17-59). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-590241-0.50006-X
51. Quilty, L. C., Oakman, J. M., & Risko, E. (2006). Correlates of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale method effects. Structural Equation Modeling, 13, 99-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1301_5
52. Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385-401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
53. Reise, S. P., Morizot, J., & Hays, R. D. (2007). The role of the bifactor model in resolving dimensionality issues in health outcomes measures. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 16, 19-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-007-9183-7
54. Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151-161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167201272002
55. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: University Press.
56. Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1988). Scaling corrections for chi-square statistics in covariance structure analysis. ASA 1988 Proceedings of the Business and Economic Statistics Section (308-313). Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association.
57. Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507-514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02296192
58. Schmitt, D. P., & Allik, J. (2005). Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 nations: Exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 623-642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.623
59. Schwartz, S. H. (2006). Value orientations: Measurement, antecedents and consequences across nations. In R. Jowell, C. Roberts, R. Fitzgerald, & G. Eva (Eds.), Measuring attitudes cross-nationally (pp. 169-203). London, UK: Sage
60. Shevlin, M. E., Bunting, B. P., & Lewis, C. L. (1995). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Psychological Reports, 76, 707-710. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.3.707
61. Sijtsma, K. (2009). On the use, the misuse, and the very limited usefulness of Cronbach's alpha. Psychometrika, 74, 107-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0
62. Tafarodi, R. W., & Milne, A. B. (2002). Decomposing global self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 70, 443-483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.05017
63. Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann, W. B., Jr. (1995). Self-linking and selfcompetence as dimensions of global self-esteem: Initial validation of a measure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65, 322-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6502_8
64. Tomás, J., & Oliver, A. (1999). Rosenberg's self-esteem scale: Two factors or method effects. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 84-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540120
65. West, S. G., Finch, J. F., & Curran, P. J. (1995). Structural equation models with non-normal variables: Problems and remedies. In R. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 56-75). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
66. Wylie, R. C. (1989). Measures of self-concept. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.