Food and the responsibility deal: How the salt reduction strategy was derailed

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 350, Issue , 2015, Pages

  MacGregor, Graham A ^a   He, Feng J ^a   Pombo Rodrigues, Sonia ^a  

^a QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; SATURATED FATTY ACID; SUGAR; SALT INTAKE;

ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; CAUSE OF DEATH; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM; COMMITTEE ON MEDICAL ASPECTS OF FOOD AND NUTRITION POLICY; COST CONTROL; FOOD INDUSTRY; FOOD STANDARDS AGENCY; GOVERNMENT; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH PRACTITIONER; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LAW; MEAT; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC FIGURE; PUBLIC HEALTH; RANDOM SAMPLE; RESPONSIBILITY; RESPONSIBILITY DEAL; SALT INTAKE; SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION; SODIUM EXCRETION; SODIUM RESTRICTION; UNITED KINGDOM; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FOOD; LEGISLATION AND JURISPRUDENCE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; STANDARDS;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIET, SODIUM-RESTRICTED; FOOD; FOOD INDUSTRY; GREAT BRITAIN; GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; HUMANS; SODIUM CHLORIDE, DIETARY;

EID: 84930615031     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h1936     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Stuckler D, Nestle M. Big food, food systems, and global health. PLoS Med 2012;9:e1001242.
2. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Dietary risks are leading cause of disease burden in the US and contributed to more health loss in 2010 than smoking, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar. www.healthdata.org/news-release/dietary-risks-areleading- cause-disease-burden-us-and-contributed-more-health-loss-2010.
3. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012;380:2224-60.
4. Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, et al. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet 2011;377:557-67.
5. Mozaffarian D, Capewell S. United Nations' dietary policies to prevent cardiovascular disease. BMJ 2011;343:d5747.
6. Ji C, Kandala NB, Cappuccio FP. Spatial variation of salt intake in Britian and association with socioeconomic status. BMJ Open 2013;3:e002246.
7. World Health Organization. WHO framework convention on tobacco control. www.who. int/fctc/about/en/.
8. Health Education Authority. Nutritional aspects of cardiovascular disease. 1994. www. nice.org.uk/proxy/?sourceUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nice.org.uk%2Fnicemedia% 2Fdocuments%2Fnutritioncardiodisease.pdf.
9. Consensus Action on Salt and Health. www.actiononsalt.org.uk.
10. MacGregor GA, Sever PS. Salt-overwhelming evidence but still no action: can a consensus be reached with the food industry? CASH (Consensus Action on Salt and Hypertension). BMJ 1996;312:1287-9.
11. Food Standards Agency. UK salt reduction initiatives. www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/ saltreductioninitiatives.pdf.
12. Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. Salt and health. 2003. www.sacn.gov.uk/pdfs/ sacn-salt-final.pdf.
13. Food Standards Agency. New salt reduction targets published. Mar 2006. http:// webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120206100416/http://food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/ 2006/mar/salttargets.
14. Webster J, Trieu K, Dunford E, Hawkes C. Target salt 2025: a global overview of national programs to encourage the food industry to reduce salt in foods. Nutrients 2014;6:3274-87.
15. Brinsden HC, He FJ, Jenner KH, MacGregor GA. Surveys of the salt content in UK bread: progress made and further reductions possible. BMJ Open 2013;3:e002936.
16. He FJ, Brinsden HC, MacGregor GA. Salt reduction in the United Kingdom: a successful experiment in public health. J Hum Hypertens 2014;28:345-52.
17. Scottish Food and Drink Federation. Highland baker reduces salt content of bread products by 20%. www.sfdf.org.uk/sfdf/Macleans%20bread-bread-4.pdf.
18. Department of Health: Assessment of dietary sodium levels among adults (aged 19-64) in England, 2011. www.gov.uk/government/publications/assessment-of-dietary-sodiumlevels- among-adults-aged-19-64-in-england-2011.
19. He FJ, Pombo-Rodrigues S, MacGregor GA. Salt reduction in England from 2003 to 2011: its relationship to blood pressure, stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality. BMJ Open 2014;4:e004549.
20. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Prevention of cardiovascular disease. Jun 2010. http://guidance.nice.org.uk/PH25.
21. Department of Health. Public health responsibility deal. F9. Salt reduction 2017. https:// responsibilitydeal.dh.gov.uk/pledges/pledge/?pl=49.
22. Food Standards Agency. Salt reduction targets. 18 May 2009. http://webarchive. nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120206100416/http://www.food.gov.uk/scotland/scotnut/salt/ saltreduction.
23. Department of Health. Responsibility deal. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ 20130107105354/http://responsibilitydeal.dh.gov.uk/.
24. O'Dowd A. Government's public health responsibility deal is met with scepticism. BMJ 2011;342:d1702.
25. Department of Health. Public health responsibility deal. https://responsibilitydeal.dh.gov. uk/salt-target-categories/.
26. Department of Health. Public health responsibility deal. Salt targets review meetings. https://responsibilitydeal.dh.gov.uk/salt-targets-review-meetings/.
27. Food Standards Scotland. 2017 salt targets. www.foodstandards.gov.scot/2017-salttargets.