Rules of origin in international trade

Rules of Origin in International Trade

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 1-610

  Inama, Stefano ^a  

^a United Nations Conference on Trade and Development   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84929881745     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511551949     Document Type: Book

References (136)

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2. S. Inama, “A comparative analysis of the generalized system of preferential and non-preferential rules of origin in the light of the Uruguay Round Agreement: It is a possible avenue for harmonization or further differentiation,” Journal of World Trade, vol. 29, no. 1, February 1995.
3. H. Asakura, “The Harmonized System and rules of origin,” Journal of World Trade, vol. 27, no. 4, August 1993.
4. Anheuser-Busch Brewing Assn. v United States, 207 US 556 (1907).
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6. UNCTAD document TD/B/AC.5/3, p. iii, 29.11.1968.
7. UNCTAD document TD/AC.5/3/Add.4, 19 March 1970.
8. UNCTAD document TD/B/AC.5/31, 10 July 1970.
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10. UNCTAD document TD/B/AC.5/38, 21 December 1970.
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13. TD/B/C.5/WG(VII)/5, 11 August 1978
14. TD/B/C.5/WG(X)/2, 19 August 1985
15. TD/B/SCP/AC.1/2/Add.1, 8 May 1995.
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17. D. Palmeter, “The US rules of origin proposal to GATT: Monotheism or polytheism,” Journal of World Trade, vol. 24, no. 2, 1990.
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30. Palmeter “Rules of origin in the United States” in Vermulst, Waer, and Bourgeois, p. 74.
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34. Commission Regulation 2971/89 of 11 July 1989 on determining the origin of photocopying apparatus [1989], O.J. L 196/24.
35. Commission Regulation (EEC) No. 288/89 of 3 February 1989 on determining the origin of integrated circuits, O.J. L 33 [1989].
36. Samter in “National Juice Products Association v. United States: A narrower approach to substantial transformation determinations for country of origin marking,” Journal of Law and Policy in International Business, 1986, p. 671.
37. TCRO document n. OC0081E1, Proposed timeline for the implementation of the harmonized nonpreferential rules of origin, Brussels, 12 November 2002.
38. “Improving Market Access for LDCs,” UNCTAD, 2001;
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42. NAFTA Annex 401 is available on the NAFTA secretariat’s website, http://www.nafta-secalena.org/.
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44. Craig VanGrasstek, “The African Growth and Opportunity Act: A Preliminary Assessment,” prepared for UNCTAD, June 2002.
45. S. Inama and E. Vermulst, Customs and Trade Laws of the European Community, Kluwer, 1999.
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47. U.S. Customs and Border Protection website available at http://www.cbp.gov/nafta/docs/us/guidproc.htm.
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50. Palmeter, D. “Rules of origin in Regional Trade Agreements” in Regionalism and Multilateralism after the Uruguay Round, Convergence, Divergence and Interaction, European Interuniversity Press, Brussels, 1997.
51. Palmeter D., “The FTA rules of origin: Boon or boondoggle,” in Dearden, Hart, and Steger (eds), Living with Free Trade: Canada, the Free Trade Agreement and the GATT, Institute for Research on Public Policy and Centre for Trade Policy and Law, Ottawa, 1989, 41, 47.
52. Estedeavordal, A. and D. Miller, “Rules of origin and the pattern of trade between US and Canada,” Integration, Trade and Hemispheric Issues Division, Inter-American Development Bank, 2002.
53. Jonathan Cooper, “NAFTA rules of origin and its effect on the North American automotive industry in the North-West,” Journal of International Law and Business, vol. 14, no. 2, winter 1994.
54. Joseph A. La Nasa III, “Rules of origin under the North American Free Trade Agreement: A substantial transformation into objectively transparent protectionism,” Harvard International Law Journal, vol. 34, no. 2, 1993.
55. Richard H. Stringerg, “Antidote to regionalism: Responses to trade diversion effects of NAFTA,” Stanford Journal of International Law, vol. 29, no. 2, 1993.
56. http://www.cbp.gov/nafta/docs/us/guidproc.html#accumulation.
57. Trilateral Customs Guide to NAFTA from Revenue Canada Customs available at: http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca./publications/pub/c-124-eng.pdf.
58. Fr´ed´eric P. Cantin and Andreas F. Lowenfeld, “Rules of origin: The Canada-United States FTA and the Honda case,” American Journal of International Law, vol. 87, no. 3, 1993.
59. “Honda: Is it an American car?,” Business Week, 18 November 1991, p. 39.
60. The examples in the following section are excerpted from http://cbp.gov/nafta/docs/us.
61. J. Granados and R. Corneyo, “Convergence in the Americas: some lessons from the DR-Cafta process,” World Economy, 2006.
62. WTO, “Rules of origin regimes in regional trade agreements,” Committee on Regional Trade Agreements. 5 April 2002.
63. www.aaatrading.com/nafta/guide, but also www.customs.gov/nafta/docs/us/guidproc.html.
64. P. J. Lloyd, “A tariff substitute for rules of origin in free trade areas,” The World Economy, 16(6), 1993.
65. Herin, J., Rules of origin and differences between tariff levels in EFTA and EC, EFTA Occasional Paper N. 13.
66. Krueger A., Free Trade Agreements as Protectionist Devices: Rules of Origin. 1993.
67. K. Krishna, “Understanding rules of origin,” paper prepared for a workshop on Rules of Origin in Regional Trade Agreements: conceptual and empirical approaches, 2004.
68. “Negotiating preferential market access: the case of NAFTA,” Inter-American Development Bank, June 1999.
69. INTAL-ITD, Working paper 15, January 2004.
70. The rules of origin facing ESA Trade: Analysis and proposals for EPA negotiations, Cadot, De Melo Tumurchudur, mimeo, 2005.
71. “Creating Development Friendly rules of origin in the EU,” August 2006.
72. Trade issues in East Asia: preferential rules of origin, Policy Research report, June 2007, World Bank, 40216.
73. Inama, S. “Market access for LDCs, issues to be addressed,” Journal ofWorld Trade, vol. 36, no.1, February 2002.
74. UNCTAD “Improving market access for least developed countries,” UNCTAD/DITC/TNCD/4, 2 May 2001.
75. Estevadeordal, A. “Negotiating market access, the use of the North America Free Trade Area Agreement,” Journal of World Trade, 34(1), 2000.
76. Brenton, P. “Integrating the least developed countries into the world trading system: The current impact of EU preferences under Everything But Arms,” World Bank, February 2003.
77. “Trade Preferences for LDCs: An Early Assessment and Possible Improvements,” UNCTAD, 2003.
78. “Erosion of trade preferences in the post Hong Kong framework: from “trade is better than aid” to “Aid for trade,” UNCTAD, 2008.
79. Debapriya Bhattacharya, The Post-MFA Challenges to the Bangladesh Textile and Clothing Sector in Trade, Sustainable Development and Gender (UNCTAD/EDM/Misc.78, 1999).
80. End of MFA Quotas: Key Issues and Strategic Options for Bangladesh Readymade Garment Industry, World Bank, 2005.
81. Yasuo Konishi, Towards a Private Sector – Led Growth Strategy for Cambodia, Volume I: Value Chain Analysis, prepared for The World Bank, June 2003.
82. Van David, Case Study on Trade in Textiles & Clothing, paper prepared for the UNDP Asia Trade Initiative, Cambodia, October 2003.
83. End of MFA Quotas: Key Issues and Strategic Options for Bangladesh Readymade Garment Industry, World Bank, 2005.
84. “Trade Preferences for LDCs: An Early Assessment and Possible Improvements,” UNCTAD, 2003.
85. UNCTAD study on “Trade Preferences for LDCs: An Early Assessment and Possible Improvements,” UNCTAD, 2003.
86. “Erosion of preferences in the ports Hong Kong framework: from “aid is better than trade” to “aid for trade,” UNCTAD,2008.
87. “Commission of the European Communities,” Green Paper on the future of rules of origin in preferential trade agreements,” Brussels, COM (2003) 787 final.
88. OECD, Ad HocWorking Group of the Trade Committee on Preferences, Rules of Origin, second report, TC/Pref./70.25, p. 9, Paris, 25.9.1970.
89. “Compendium of the work and analysis conducted by UNCTAD working groups and sessional committees on GSP rules of origin,” part I (UNCTAD/ITD/GSP/34 of 21 February 1996).
90. TD/B/AC.5/3/Add.4, 19 March 1970, para. 70.
91. TD/B/C.5/WG(IV)/L.1, 8 November 1973, para. 30.
92. TD/B/C.5/WG(IV)/2, 26 September 1973, para. 141.
93. EFTA, Rules of origin, fourth edition, revised, Geneva, January 1971, p. 28.
94. Note Verbale, 16 November 1977, reference TD/423(Q).
95. “Rules of origin in the general scheme of preferences in favour of the developing countries,” report by the UNCTAD secretariat, TD/B/AC.5/3/Add.4, paras. 74-77.
96. UNCTAD document TD/B/AC.5/3, 29 November 1968, Rules of origin in the GSP in favour of the developing countries, p. 18
97. TD/B/AC.5/31, 8 July 1970.
98. TD/B/AC.5/38, 21 December 1970.
99. TD/B/C.5/WG(IV)/2, 26 September 1973, “GSP: Proposals for improvement and harmonization of the rules of origin.”
100. TD/B/C.5/WG()/2, 8 September 1987, p. 23.
101. TD/B/C.5/WG()/2, Priorities regarding improvements in rules of origin under thegeneralized system of preferences, 8 September 1987.
102. TD/B/C.5/WG()/2, 8 September 1987, p. 23.
103. TB/B/C.5/126, 12 July 1989.
104. Anheuser Bush Brewing Assn. v. United States, 207 U.S. 556 (1907).
105. Palmeter, Rules of origin in the United States, in Vermulst, Waer, and Bourgeois, Rules of origin in international trade, a comparative analysis, Michigan Un. Press, 1994, p. 35.
106. GATT, Basic Instruments and Selected Documents, Twenty-Sixth Supplement (Sales no. GATT/1980-3), p 117.
107. TD/B/AC.5/3, 10 July 1970
108. TD/B/AC.5/3/Add.4, 19 March 1970
109. TD/B/AC.5/38, 21 December 1970
110. TD/B/C.5/WG(IV)/2, 26 September 1973
111. TD/B/C.5/WG(V)/L.2/Add. 1, 6 December 1974
112. TD/B/C.5/WG(VI)/4, 14 March 1977
113. TD/B/C.5/WG(VIlI)/2, 18 July 1980
114. TD/B/C.5/141, 28 February 1992.
115. http://www.aseansec.org/20750.pdf.
116. http://www.aseansec.org/20750.pdf.
117. http://www.aseansec.org/17293.pdf.
118. Aaron C. Redubla, Philippines Customs at a Asian Development Bank Seminar (2004).
119. Tran Dong Phuong, Director, ASEAN secretariat at the regional workshop on Simplification and Harmonisation of rules of origin, Asian Development Bank, Bangkok, March 2008.
120. AEM Retreat, Ha Long, 26 April 2005.
121. http://www.thaifta.com/english/index eng.html.
122. Flatters: SADC rules of origin: Undermining regional free trade, 2002 TIPS forum.
123. Example excerpted from All You Have to Know About COMESA Rules of Origin, available at http://www.ecatradehub.com/reports/rp.downloads/2005.COMESA.Rules.of.Origin.pdf.
124. Mercosur/XXXV CCM/DI no. 28/06 available in Spanish and Portuguese at http://www.mercosur.int/msweb/portal%20intermediario/es/index.htm.
125. Brenton, Flatters, and Kalenga: Rules of origin and SADC: the case for change in the mid term review of the protocol, African region, working paper series No.83, World Bank, 2005.
126. Anheuser-Busch Brewing Assn. v United States, 207 U.S. 556 (1907).
127. The information concerning country eligibility is available at http://www.ustr.gov.
128. Visa Requirements under the AGOA, vol. 66, Federal Register 7837; 25 January 2001.
129. NAFTA is available at http://www.mac.doc.gov/nafta/ch05.htm.
130. http://www.cbp.gov/linkhandler/cgov/trade/trade programs/international agreements/free trade/us cfta/chile trade agreement.ctt/chile trade agreement.doc.
131. http://www.cbp.gov/linkhandler/cgov/trade/trade programs/internationalagreements/free trade/us cfta/chile trade agreement.ctt/chile trade agreement.doc.
132. Explanatory notes concerning the Pan-Euro-Mediterranean protocols on rules of origin, Official Journal of the European Union C 16/8 of 21.1.2006.
133. Commission Communication 95/C 343/09 for CACM countries, O.J. C 343 (1995).
134. http://ec.europa.eu/anti fraud/reports/olaf/2005/en.pdf.
135. O.J. L 197 (1979). That Regulation was repealed following consolidation by Article 251 of Regulation 2913/92 cited supra.
136. Inama and Vermulst “Customs and Trade Laws of the European Community,” Kluwer (1999).