Time and space

The Cambridge Companion to Narrative

Volumn 9780521856966, Issue , 2007, Pages 52-65

  Bridgeman, Teresa ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84929284184     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CCOL0521856965.004     Document Type: Chapter

References (31)

1. The focus of this chapter is on written narratives. The dynamics of oral narratives, to which I refer where relevant, differ in several respects from these.
2. Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary. Translated by Alan Russell (London: Penguin, 1950 and all subsequent editions). Part and chapter numbers are indicated for ease of reference to other editions.
3. Marie-Laure Ryan, Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence, and Narrative Theory (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991)
4. Paul Werth, Text Worlds: Representing Conceptual Space in Discourse (London: Longman, 1999) for different approaches to fictional-world theory.
5. E. M. Forster, Aspects of the Novel (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1927)
6. Gerald Prince, Narratology: The Form and Functioning of Narrative (Berlin: Mouton, 1982).
7. Mikhail Bakhtin, “Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel: Notes Towards a Historical Poetics.” In Michael Holquist (ed.) The Dialogic Imagination. Translated by Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981), pp. 84-258.
8. Gabriel Zoran, “Towards a Theory of Space in Narrative.” Poetics Today 5:2 (1984), pp. 309-35
9. David Herman, Story Logic: Problems and Possibilities of Narrative (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2002), pp. 266-7 and 298. 6.
10. “Discourse” is a much-used word in cultural and critical theory. In linguistics it refers to interactions in language between language-users. In the story/discourse pair of narratology it refers to the particular “putting into language” of a nonlinguistic sequence of events. Film adaptations of books are different discourse representations of what is, supposedly, the same story.
11. “Discourse time” is thus the time in which the reader engages with the text (interacts with it), and the “discourse world” is the spatiotemporal domain in which writing and reading occurs (language-use takes place).
12. Gérard Genette, Narrative Discourse. An Essay in Method. Translated by Jane E. Lewin (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1980).
13. Meir Sternberg, “Universals of Narrative and their Cognitivist Fortunes (I),” Poetics Today 24:2 (2003), pp. 326-8, for a summary.
14. Sternberg, “Universals,” p. 328.
15. Zoran, “Towards a Theory of Space in Narrative,” pp. 315-19.
16. Michel de Certeau, The Practice of Everyday Life. Translated by Steven Rendall (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988).
17. Mark Johnson, The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination, and Reason (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
18. Hilary Dannenberg, Convergent and Divergent Lives: Plotting Coincidence and Counter factuality in Narrative Fiction (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, forth coming), chapter 3.
19. Bakhtin, “Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel,” and Mike Baynham, “Narratives in Space and Time: Beyond ‘Backdrop’ Accounts of Narrative Orientation.” Narrative Inquiry 13:2 (2003), pp. 347-66.
20. Dannenberg, Convergent and Divergent Lives, chapter 3.
21. Ursula K. Heise, Chronoschisms: Time, Narrative and Postmodernism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), p.
22. Brian Richardson, “Beyond Story and Discourse: Narrative Time in Postmodern and Nonmimetic Fiction.” In Brian Richardson (ed.) Narrative Dynamics: Essays on Time, Plot, Closure, and Frames (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2002), pp. 47-63.
23. Meir Sternberg, “Telling in Time (I): Chronology and Narrative Theory.” Poetics Today 11:4 (1990), pp. 929-32.
24. Peter Rabinowitz, “Reading Beginnings and Endings.” In Brian Richardson (ed.) Narrative Dynamics: Essays on Time, Plot, Closure, and Frames (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2002), pp. 300-3.
25. Sternberg, “Telling in Time (I),” for a defence and discussion of the matching of story and discourse orders.
26. Genette, Narrative Discourse, p. 87.
27. Genette, Narrative Discourse, pp. 113-17.
28. Suzanne Fleischman, Tense and Narrativity: From Medieval Performance to Modern Fiction (London: Routledge, 1990).
29. Monika Fludernik, Towards a “Natural” Narratology (London: Routledge, 1996), pp. 192-201.
30. The English translation omits “her head,” which in the original makes the direction of Emma's gaze more explicit.
31. Marie-Laure Ryan, Narrative as Virtual Reality: Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001).