Internal protection/relocation/flight alternative as an aspect of refugee status determination

Refugee Protection in International Law: UNHCR's Global Consultations on International Protection

Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 357-417

  Hathaway∗, James C ^a   Foster, Michelle ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84929270826     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511493973.020     Document Type: Chapter

References (27)

1. European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE), London, 1998, updated (2000) (hereinafter ‘ELENA Research Paper’), p. 65:
2. J. C. Hathaway, The Law of Refugee Status(Butterworths, Toronto, 1991) (hereinafter ‘Hathaway, Refugee Status’), quotes at 127–8
3. B. Frelick, ‘Down the Rabbit Hole: The Strange Logic of Internal Flight Alternative’, in World Refugee Survey(US Committee for Refugees, Washington DC, 1999), p. 22
4. J. C. Hathaway, ‘The Emerging Politics of Non-Entre’ e’, 91 Refugees, 1992, 40–l
5. J. C. Hathaway ‘L’e´ mergence d’une politique de non-entre´ e’, in Frontie` res du droit, Frontie` res des droits(ed. F. Julien-Laferrie` re, L’Harmattan, Paris, 1993), 65–7
6. J. C. Hathaway, ‘The Michigan Guidelines on the Internal Protection Alternative’, 21(1) Michigan Journal of International Law, 1999, p. 131 and available on http://www.refugeecaselaw. org/Refugee/guidelines.htm (hereinafter ‘Michigan Guidelines’).
7. UNHCR, Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees(Geneva, 1979, re-edited 1992)
8. UNHCR, Regional Bureau for Europe, An Overview of Protection Issues in Western Europe: Legislative Trends and Positions Taken by UNHCR, European Series, vol. 1, No. 3 (Sept. 1995) (hereinafter ‘UNHCR 1995 Overview’)
9. H. Storey, ‘The Internal Flight Alternative Test: The Jurisprudence Re-examined’, 10 International Journal of Refugee Law, 1998, p. 499 at p. 524
10. W. Ka¨ lin, ‘Non-State Agents of Persecution and the Inability of the State to Protect’, 15 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal, 2001, p. 415 at p. 425
11. N. Nathwami, ‘The Purpose of Asylum’, 12(3) International Journal of Refugee Law, 2000, p. 354 at p. 359.
12. W. Ka¨ lin, above n. 59, p. 426.
13. A. Grahl-Madsen, The Status of Refugees in International Law(A. W. Sijthoff, Leyden, 1966), vol. I, p. 257
14. G. S. Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law(2nd edn, Clarendon, Oxford, 1996), 15–16 and 79
15. H. Storey, above n. 29, p. 3
16. ELENA Research Paper, above n. 3, 40–1
17. UNHCR, ‘Action Plan on the Influx of Iraqi Asylum-Seekers: UNHCR Observations’, memo to the K4 Committee of the Council of the European Union, Brussels, 21 April 1998, as cited in Frelick, above n. 6, p. 26
18. H. Storey, ‘United Kingdom Case Law on “Internal Flight Alternative”’, 11(2) Immigration and Nationality Law and Practice, 1997, p. 57 at p. 58
19. UNHCR, ‘1999 Position Paper’, above n. 22, 1–3
20. Full Court of the Federal Court of Australia in Perampalam v.Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, above n. 114
21. J. C. Hathaway, ‘The Michigan Guidelines on Nexus to a Convention Ground’, 23(2) Michigan Journal of International Law, 2002, p. 207 and available on http://www.refugeecaselaw.org/Refugee/guidelines2001.htm. Storey, above n. 35, p. 527, has argued for a similar approach(albeit in the context of the reasonableness approach):
22. German Federal Administrative Court Decision No. BverwG C 45.92, 14 Dec. 1993
23. J. C. Hathaway and J. A. Dent, Refugee Rights: Report on a Comparative Survey(York Lanes Press, Toronto, 1995), p. 6.
24. Baden-Wu¨ rttemberg Administrative Court, Decision of 17May 1990, A 12 S 533/89
25. J. C. Hathaway, Refugee Status, above n. 4, 105–24.
26. J. C. Hathaway, ‘The International Refugee Rights Regime’, 8(2) Collected Courses of the Academy of European Law, 2000, 91–139 (hereinafter, Hathaway, ‘Rights Regime’).
27. C. Harvey, Seeking Asylum in the UK: Problems and Prospects(Butterworths, London, 2000), 280–1