Gender-based differences in glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia prevalence in patients with type 2 diabetes: Results from patient-level pooled data of six randomized controlled trials

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism

Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 533-540

  Kautzky Willer, A ^a   Kosi, L ^a   Lin, J ^b   Mihaljevic, R ^c  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b Novosys Health   (United States)

^c Sanofi Pasteur   (Austria)

Author keywords

Gender; Hypoglycaemia; Insulin glargine; NPH insulin; Type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INSULIN GLARGINE; ISOPHANE INSULIN; SULFONYLUREA; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; HEMOGLOBIN A1C PROTEIN, HUMAN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; COHORT ANALYSIS; DISEASE DURATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; ENDOCRINE FUNCTION TEST; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INSULIN TREATMENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NOCTURNAL HYPOGLYCEMIA; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SEX DIFFERENCE; TREATMENT DURATION; WEIGHT CHANGE; ANALYSIS; BLOOD; CHEMICALLY INDUCED; COMPLICATION; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIET RESTRICTION; DOSE RESPONSE; META ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; BLOOD GLUCOSE; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FASTING; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN GLARGINE; INSULIN, ISOPHANE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; SEX FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84928398208     PISSN: 14628902     EISSN: 14631326     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/dom.12449     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Ferrara CM, Goldberg AP, Nicklas BJ, Sorkin JD, Ryan AS. Sex differences in insulin action and body fat distribution in overweight and obese middle-aged and older men and women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2008; 33: 784-790.
2. Kautzky-Willer A, Brazzale AR, Moro E et al. Influence of increasing BMI on insulin sensitivity and secretion in normotolerant men and women of a wide age span. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20: 1966-1973.
3. DECODE Study Group. Age- and sex-specific prevalences of diabetes and impaired glucose regulation in 13 European cohorts. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 61-69.
4. Glumer C, Jorgensen T, Borch-Johnsen K. Prevalences of diabetes and impaired glucose regulation in a Danish population: the Inter99 study. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 2335-2340.
5. Anderwald C, Gastaldelli A, Tura A et al. Mechanism and effects of glucose absorption during an oral glucose tolerance test among females and males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 515-524.
6. Geer EB, Shen W. Gender differences in insulin resistance, body composition, and energy balance. Gend Med 2009; 6 (Suppl 1): 60-75.
7. Jovanovic L. Sex differences in insulin dose and postprandial glucose as BMI increases in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: e148.
8. Samann A, Lehmann T, Heller T et al. A retrospective study on the incidence and risk factors of severe hypoglycemia in primary care. Fam Pract 2013; 30: 290-293.
9. Fidler C, Elmelund CT, Gillard S. Hypoglycemia: an overview of fear of hypoglycemia, quality-of-life, and impact on costs. J Med Econ 2011; 14: 646-655.
10. Eliaschewitz FG, Calvo C, Valbuena H et al. Therapy in type 2 diabetes: insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin both in combination with glimepiride. Arch Med Res 2006; 37: 495-501.
11. Fritsche A, Schweitzer MA, Haring HU. Glimepiride combined with morning insulin glargine, bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin, or bedtime insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2003; 138: 952-959.
12. Pan CY, Sinnassamy P, Chung KD, Kim KW. Insulin glargine versus NPH insulin therapy in Asian type 2 diabetes patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007; 76: 111-118.
13. Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J. The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 3080-3086.
14. Yki-Jarvinen H, Kauppinen-Makelin R, Tiikkainen M et al. Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: the LANMET study. Diabetologia 2006; 49: 442-451.
15. Kawamori R, Iwamoto Y, Kadowaki T, Iwasaki M. Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine in concurrent use with oral hypoglycaemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients. Rinsho Iyaku 2003; 19: 445-464.
16. Miller ME, Bonds DE, Gerstein HC et al. The effects of baseline characteristics, glycaemia treatment approach, and glycated haemoglobin concentration on the risk of severe hypoglycaemia: post hoc epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 2010; 340: b5444.
17. Sekerija M, Poljicanin T, Erjavec K, Liberati-Cizmek AM, Prasek M, Metelko Z. Gender differences in the control of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes -a cross-sectional study. Intern Med 2012; 51: 161-166.
18. Kautzky-Willer A, Kamyar MR, Gerhat D et al. Sex-specific differences in metabolic control, cardiovascular risk, and interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gend Med 2010; 7: 571-583.
19. McGill JB, Vlajnic A, Knutsen PG, Recklein C, Rimler M, Fisher SJ. Effect of gender on treatment outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 102: 167-174.
20. Franconi F, Campesi I, Occhioni S, Tonolo G. Sex-gender differences in diabetes vascular complications and treatment. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2012; 12: 179-196.
21. Riddle M, Umpierrez G, DiGenio A, Zhou R, Rosenstock J. Contributions of basal and postprandial hyperglycemia over a wide range of A1C levels before and after treatment intensification in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 2508-2514.
22. Faerch K, Borch-Johnsen K, Holst JJ, Vaag A. Pathophysiology and aetiology of impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance: does it matter for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes? Diabetologia 2009; 52: 1714-1723.
23. Anderwald C, Tura A, Winhofer Y et al. Glucose absorption in gestational diabetes mellitus during an oral glucose tolerance test. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1475-1480.
24. Faerch K, Borch-Johnsen K, Vaag A, Jørgensen T, Witte DR. Sex differences in glucose levels: a consequence of physiology or methodological convenience? The Inter99 study. Diabetologia 2010; 53: 858-865.
25. Gallagher EJ, LeRoith D, Bloomgarden Z. Review of hemoglobin A(1c) in the management of diabetes. J Diabetes 2009; 1: 1-17.
26. Tabák AG, Herder C, Rathmann W, Brunner EJ, Kivimäki M. Prediabetes: a high-risk state for diabetes development. Lancet 2012; 379: 2279-2290.
27. Monnier L, Colette C, Owens D. Postprandial and basal glucose in type 2 diabetes: assessment and respective impacts. Diabetes Technol Ther 2011; 13(Suppl. 1): S25-S32.
28. Ehrhardt NM, Chellappa M, Walker MS, Fonda SJ, Vigersky RA. The effect of real-time continuous glucose monitoring on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2011; 5: 668-675.
29. Galassetti P, Tate D, Neill RA, Morrey S, Wasserman DH, Davis SN. Effect of sex on counterregulatory responses to exercise after antecedent hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287: E16-E24.
30. Johnston SS, Conner C, Aagren M, Smith DM, Bouchard J, Brett J. Evidence linking hypoglycemic events to an increased risk of acute cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1164-1170.
31. Giorgino F, Leonardini A, Laviola L. Cardiovascular disease and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: now that the dust is settling from large clinical trials. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1281: 36-50.
32. McCoy RG, Van Houten HK, Ziegenfuss JY, Shah ND, Wermers RA, Smith SA. Increased mortality of patients with diabetes reporting severe hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 1897-1901.
33. Bonds DE, Miller ME, Bergenstal RM et al. The association between symptomatic, severe hypoglycaemia and mortality in type 2 diabetes: retrospective epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 2010; 340: b4909.
34. Rubin DJ, Rybin D, Doros G, McDonnell ME. Weight-based, insulin dose-related hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1723-1728.