A parameterization of gravity waves emitted by fronts and jets

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 42, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 2071-2078

  De La Camara A ^a   Lott, F ^a  

^a ECOLE NORMALE SUPÉRIEURE   (France)

Author keywords

gravity waves from fronts and jets; parameterization of gravity waves; source oriented gravity waves in climate models; spontaneous adjustment mechanism

Indexed keywords

GRAVITY WAVES; PARAMETERIZATION; STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS;

ADJUSTMENT MECHANISMS; INTERMITTENCY; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; METEOROLOGICAL FIELDS; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; MOMENTUM FLUX; OFFLINE TEST; ON-LINE TESTS;

CLIMATE MODELS;

ANNUAL CYCLE; ATMOSPHERIC FRONT; CLIMATE MODELING; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; GRAVITY WAVE; JET FLOW; MOMENTUM TRANSFER; PARAMETERIZATION; STRATOSPHERE;

EID: 84927748798     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: 19448007     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2015GL063298     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Alexander, M.J., and, A.W. Grimsdell, (2013), Seasonal cycle of orographic gravity wave occurrence above small islands in the Southern Hemisphere: Implications for effects on the general circulation, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 11,589-11,599, doi: 10.1002/2013JD020526.
2. Beres, J.H., M.J. Alexander, and, J.R. Holton, (2004), A method of specifying the gravity wave spectrum above convection based on latent heating properties and background wind, J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 324-337.
3. Black, R.X., and, B.A. McDaniel, (2007), Interannual variability in the Southern Hemisphere circulation organized by stratospheric final warming events, J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 2968-2974, doi: 10.1175/JAS3979.1.
4. Borchert, S., U. Achatz, and, M.D. Fruman, (2014), Gravity waves emission in an atmospheric-like configuration of the differentially heated rotating annulus experiment, J. Fluid Mech., 758, 287-311, doi: 10.1017/jfm.2014.528.
5. Butchart, N., et al. (2011), Multimodel climate and variability of the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D05102, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014995.
6. Charron, M., and, E. Manzini, (2002), Gravity waves from fronts: Parameterization and middle atmosphere response in a general circulation model, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 923-941.
7. de la Cámara, A., F. Lott, and, A. Hertzog, (2014), Intermittency in a stochastic parameterization of nonorographic gravity waves, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 11,905-11,919, doi: 10.1002/2014JD022002.
8. Eckermann, S.D., (2011), Explicitly stochastic parameterization of nonorographic gravity wave drag, J. Atmos. Sci, 68, 1749-1765, doi: 10.1175/2011JAS3684.1.
9. Eyring, V., T.G. Shepherd, and, D.W. Waugh (Eds.), (2010), Evaluation of Chemistry-Climate Models, Rep. 5, WCRP-132, WCRP, Geneva, Switzerland.
10. Geller, M. A., et al. (2013), A comparison between gravity wave momentum fluxes in observations and climate models, J. Clim., 26, 6383-6405, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00545.1.
11. Hendricks, E.A., J.D. Doyle, S.D. Eckermann, Q. Jiang, and, P.A. Reinecke, (2014), What is the source of the stratospheric gravity wave belt in austral winter?, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 1583-1592, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0332.1.
12. Hertzog, A., G. Boccara, R.A. Vincent, F. Vial, and, P. Cocquerez, (2008), Estimation of gravity wave momentum flux and phase speeds from quasi-Lagrangian stratospheric balloon flights: Part II. Results from the Vorcore campaign in Antarctica, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3056-3070, doi: 10.1175/2008JAS2710.1.
13. Hertzog, A., M.J. Alexander, and, R. Plougonven, (2012), On the intermittency of gravity wave momentum flux in the stratosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 3433-3448, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-12-09.1.
14. Hines, C.O., (1997), Doppler-spread parameterization of gravity-wave momentum deposition in the middle atmosphere: Part 2. Broad and quasi monochromatic spectra, and implementation, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 59, 387-400.
15. Holton, J.R., (1983), The influence of gravity wave breaking on the general circulation of the middle atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2497-2507.
16. Lindzen, R.S., (1981), Turbulence and stress owing to gravity wave and tidal breakdown, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 9707-9714, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50705.
17. Lott, F., (1999), Alleviation of stationary biases in a GCM through a mountain drag parameterization scheme and a simple representation of mountain lift forces, Mon. Weather Rev., 127, 788-801.
18. Lott, F., (2003), Large-scale flow response to short gravity waves breaking in a rotating shear flow, J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1691-1704.
19. Lott, F., and, L. Guez, (2013), A stochastic parameterization of the gravity waves due to convection and its impact on the equatorial stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 8897-8909, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50705.
20. Lott, F., R. Plougonven, and, J. Vanneste, (2010), Gravity waves generated by sheared potential vorticity anomalies, J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 157-170, doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3134.1.
21. Lott, F., L. Guez, and, P. Maury, (2012a), A stochastic parameterization of non-orographic gravity waves: Formalism and impact on the equatorial stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L06807, doi: 10.1029/2012GL051001.
22. Lott, F., R. Plougonven, and, J. Vanneste, (2012b), Gravity waves generated by sheared three-dimensional potential vorticity anomalies, J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 2134-2151, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0296.1.
23. McLandress, C., T.G. Shepherd, S. Polavarapu, and, S.R. Beagley, (2012), Is missing orographic gravity wave drag near 60°S the cause of the stratospheric zonal wind biases in Chemistry-Climate Models?, J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 802-818, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0159.1.
24. Palmeiro, F.M., N. Calvo, and, R.R. García, (2014), Future changes in the Brewer-Dobson circulation under different greenhouse gas concentrations in WACCM4, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 2962-2975, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0289.1.
25. Palmer, T.N., G.J. Shutts, R. Hagedorn, F.J. Doblas-Reyes, T. Jung, and, M. Leutbecher, (2005), Representing model uncertainty in weather and climate prediction, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 33, 163-193, doi: 10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122552.
26. Plougonven, R., and, F. Zhang, (2014), Internal gravity waves from atmospheric fronts and jets, Rev. Geophys., 52, 33-76, doi: 10.1002/2012RG000419.
27. Plougonven, R., A. Hertzog, and, L. Guez, (2013), Gravity waves over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: Consistent momentum fluxes in mesoscale simulations and stratospheric balloon observations, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 139 (670), 101-118, doi: 10.1002/qj.1965.
28. Richter, J.H., F. Sassi, and, R.R. Garcia, (2010), Toward a physically based gravity wave source parameterization in a general circulation model, J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 136-156, doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3112.1.
29. Schirber, S., E. Manzini, and, M.J. Alexander, (2014), A convection-based gravity wave parameterization in a general circulation model: Implementation and improvements on the QBO, J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 6, 264-279, doi: 10.1002/2013MS000286.
30. Song, I.-S., and, H.-Y. Chun, (2005), Momentum flux spectrum of convectively forced internal gravity waves and its application to gravity wave drag parameterization: Part I. Theory, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 107-124.
31. Wilcox, L.J., and, A.J. Charlton-Perez, (2013), Final warming of the Southern Hemisphere polar vortex in high- and low-top CMIP5 models, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 2535-2546, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50254.
32. Wright, C.J., S.M. Osprey, and, J.C. Gille, (2013), Global observations of gravity wave intermittency and its impact on the observed momentum flux morphology, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 10,980-10,993, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50869.
33. Warner, C.D., and, M.E. McIntyre, (1996), On the propagation and dissipation of gravity wave spectra through a realistic middle atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3213-3235.
34. Williams, P.D., T.W.N. Haine, and, P.L. Read, (2005), On the generation mechanisms of short-scale unbalanced modes in rotating two-layer flows with vertical shear, J. Fluid Mech., 528, 1-22, doi: 10.1017/S0022112004002873.
35. Williams, P.D., T.W.N. Haine, and, P.L. Read, (2008), Inertia-gravity waves emitted from balanced flows: Observations, properties, and consequences, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3543-3556, doi: 10.1175/2008JAS2480.1.