The material basis of ICT

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

Volumn 310, Issue , 2015, Pages 209-221

  Wäger, Patrick A ^a   Hischier, Roland ^a   Widmer, Rolf ^a  

^a SWISS FEDERAL LABORATORIES FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

ICT; Material rucksack; Materials recovery; Mineral resource depletion; Scarce metals

Indexed keywords

GROWTH (MATERIALS); METALS; MINERAL EXPLORATION; MINERAL RESOURCES; NATURAL RESOURCES; RAW MATERIALS; RECOVERY; RECYCLING; SECONDARY RECOVERY; SILVER; THERMODYNAMICS; WASTE DISPOSAL;

DEMATERIALIZATION; ICT; INDICATOR SCORES; MATERIALS RECOVERY; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; REFINING PROCESS; RESOURCE DEPLETION; SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS;

METAL RECOVERY;

EID: 84927629674     PISSN: 21945357     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09228-7_12     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. SWICO Recycling: Activity Report. In. Zürich, Switzerland (2011)
2. Haig, S., Morrish, L., Morton, R., Wilkinson, S.: Electrical product material composition. Waste and Resources Action Programme, Branbury, Oxon (2012)
3. Müller, E., Widmer, R., Coroama, V., Orthlieb, P.: Material and energy flows and environmental impacts of the Internet in Switzerland. J. Ind. Ecol. 17(6), 814–826 (2013)
4. Skinner, B.: Earth resources. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 76(9), 4212–4217 (1979)
5. Johnson, J.: Dining at the periodic table: metals concentrations as they relate to recycling. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41(5), 1759–1765 (2007)
6. Stamp, A., Wäger, P.A., Hellweg, S.: Linking energy scenarios with metal demand modeling—the case of indium in CIGS solar cells. Submitted to Resources, Conservation & Recycling (2014)
7. Hischier, R., Coroama V.C.D.S., Ahmadi Achachlouei, M.: Grey energy and environmental impacts of ICT hardware. In: Hilty, L.M., Aebischer, B. (eds.) ICT Innovations for Sustainability. Springer, Germany (2014) (working Title)
8. Saurat, M., Ritthoff, C.: Calculating MIPS 2.0. Resources 2, 581–607 (2013)
9. Wäger, P.A., Lang, D.J., Wittmer, D., Bleischwitz, R., Hagelüken, C.: Towards a more sustainable use of scarce metals. a review of intervention options along the metals life cycle. GAIA 21(4), 300–309 (2012)
10. Erdmann, L., Graedel, T.E.: The criticality of non-fuel minerals: a review of major approaches and analyses. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45, 7620–7630 (2011). doi:10.1021/es200563g
11. Graedel, T.E., Barr, R., Chandler, C., Chase, T., Choi, J., Christoffersen, L., Friedlander, E., Henly, C., Jun, C., Nassar, N.T., Schechner, D., Warren, S., Yang, M.-Y., Zhu, C.: Methodology of Metal criticality determination. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46(2), 1063–1070 (2012). doi:10.1021/es203534z
12. EC: Critical Raw Materials for the EU. Report of the Ad hoc Working Group on defining critical raw materials. In: European Commission (2010)
13. Goedkoop, M., Heijungs, R., Huijbregts, M.A.J., de Schreyver, A., Struijs, J., Van Zelm, R.: ReCiPe 2008—A life cycle impact assessment method which comprises harmonised category indicators at the midpoint and the endpoint level. First edition (revised) / Report I: Characterisation. VROM—Ministry of Housing Spatial Planning and Environment, Den Haag (2012)
14. Guinee, J., Gorrée, M., Heijungs, R., Huppes, G., Kleijn, R., de Koning, A., van Oers, L., Wegener Sleeswijk, A., Suh, S., Udo de Haes, H.A., de Bruijn, H., van Duin, R., Huijbregts, M.A.J.: Life cycle assessment. An operational guide to the ISO standards. Part 3: scientific background. Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment (VROM) and Centrum voor Milieukunde (CML), Rijksuniversiteit, Den Haag and Leiden (2001)
15. Goedkoop, M., Spriensma, R.: Eco-indicator 99. A damage orientated method for Life Cycle Impact Assessment. Methodology Report. In., p. 132. PRé Consultants B.V., Amersfoort (2000)
16. Klinglmair, M., Serenella, S., Brandão, M.: Assessing resource depletion in LCA: a review of methods and methodological issues. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 18, 1036–1047 (2013)
17. Ecoinvent Centre: ecoinvent data v3.01. Online Database available at http://www.ecoinvent.org. In: ecoinvent Association, Zürich (2013)
18. Wäger, P.A., Schluep, M., Müller, E., Gloor, R.: RoHS regulated substances in mixed plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46(2), 628–635 (2012)
19. Nakamura, S., Kondo, Y., Matsubae, K., Nakajima, K., Tasaki, T., Nagasaka, T.: Qualityand dilution losses in the recycling of ferrous materials from end-of-life passenger cars: inputoutput analysis under explicit consideration of scrap quality. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 9266–9273 (2012)
20. Nakajima, K., Takeda, O., Miki, T., Matsubae, K., Nagasaka, T.: Thermodynamic analysis for the controllability of elements in the recycling process of metals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45, 4929–4936 (2011)
21. SWICO Technical Inspectorate: Personal Communication Heinz Böni (2014)
22. Graedel, T.E.; Allwood, J., Birat, J.-P., Reck B.K.; Sibley, S.F.; Sonnemann, G.; Buchert, M.; Hagelüken, C.: UNEP: Recycling rates of metals—a status report. A report of the Working Group on the Global Flows to the International Resource Panel.(2011)
23. Hagelüken, C., Meskers, C.E.M.: Complex life cycles of precious and special Metals. In: Graedel, T., van der Voet, E. (eds.) Linkages of Sustainability, vol. 4. Strüngmann Forum Report. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2010)
24. Chancerel, P., Meskers, C.E.M., Hagelüken, C., Rotter, V.S.: Assessment of precious metal flows during preprocessing of waste electrical and electronic equipment. J. Ind. Ecol. 13(5), 791–810 (2009)
25. Zimmermann, T., Gößling-Reisemann, S.: Critical materials and dissipative losses: a screening study. Sci. Total Environ. 461–462, 774–780 (2013)
26. Manhart, A.: International cooperation for metal recycling from waste electrical and electronic equipment: an assessment of the ‘‘best-of-two-worlds’’ approach. J. Ind. Ecol. 15(1), 13–30 (2011)
27. Chancerel, P., Rotter, V.S., Ueberschaar, M., Marwede, M., Nissen, N.F., Lang, K.D.: Data availability and the need for research to localize, quantify and recycle critical metals in information technology, telecommunication and consumer equipment. Waste Manage. Res. 31(10 SUPPL.), 3–16 (2013)
28. Schluep, M., Müller, E., Hilty, L.M., Ott, D., Widmer, R., Böni, H.: Insights from a decade of development cooperation in e-waste management. In: Paper presented at the Proceedings of the First International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Sustainability ETH Zurich, 14-16 Feb 2013
29. Wang, F., Huisman, J., Meskers, C.E.M., Schluep, M., Stevels, A.C.H.: The best-of-2-worlds philosophy: developing local dismantling and global infrastructure network for sustainable ewaste treatment in emerging economies. Waste Manag. 32, 2134–2146 (2012)
30. Böni, H., Schluep, M., Widmer, R.: Recycling of ICT equipment in industrialized and developing countries. In: Hilty, L.M., Aebischer, B. (eds.) ICT Innovations for Sustainability. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 310, pp. 223–241. Springer, Switzerland (2015)
31. Restrepo, E., Widmer, R., Wäger, P.A.: Improving recovery rates of scarce metals from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE): an approach to optimize the pretreatmentrecovery interface. Paper presented at the 3R International Scientific Conference on Material Cycles and Waste Management, Kyoto, 10–12 March, 2014.
32. Reuter, M.A., Hudson, C., van Schaik, A., Heiskanen, K., Meskers, C., Hagelüken, C.: UNEP: Metal Recycling: Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure, A Report of the Working Group on the Global Metal Flows to the International Resource Panel. (2013)
33. Hilty, L.M.: Electronic Waste—an emerging risk?. Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. 25(5), 431–435
34. UN: Minamata Convention on Mercury. United Nations, Geneva (2013)